时态语态和语气的使用错误 Xf4
1. 时态错误。 主要是指在一个句子中，出现不同的时态，从而造成时态不一致，如： He can’t remember what he once knows. "&_$%#HUv
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2. 语态错误。 在 cet6 综合改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。不及物动词不能带宾语，因而也就没有被动语态。如： She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account. zK Y 9 'y
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3. 虚拟语态错误。 此类使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主语和从句的语气不协调，如： We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible. 句中动词 suggest 之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故“ is ”应该 “ be ”或“ should be ”。类似的动词还有 demand ， insist ， order 等等。 nB~h mE)
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下面通过一些例题来进行具体讲解： s>RtCw3,
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例 1 (oftq!X2
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These newly wedded couples usually came here and meet 1.__________ 75^U<Hz-3{
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由于前面的时态已经限制为过去时，而且 came 和 meet 是并列结构，两者时态应该保持一致，因此应该将 meet 改为 met ，或者将 came 改为 come ，具体情况依据上下文的语境时态而定。 %6%Q E'D
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例 2 19 g-#H!
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for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________ Q!T+Jc9N
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本句中三个平行成分 which products to emphasize now ， which to develop for the future 和 which to be dropped 结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而 to be dropped 应改为 to drop 。 #\{j/{VZ
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例 3 .Z2zv*
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kind of material into the liquid which has already 1.__________ ?%]?#4 bkc
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根据句子意思可知，此处的 liquid 不可能为动作的发生者，显然此处应该是被动语态，故应该将 has 改为 is 或者在 has 后加 been 均可，意思是指“已经安全获得的液体”。 Q|1X|_hs
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Did they gone there yesterday, they would have discovered 1.__________ :
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根据句子意思可知，这句话是说如果他们昨天去了就会发现事实真相，然而他们并未去，此处是虚拟语气，因此应该使用虚拟语气的格式，将 Did 改为 Had 。 1X45~
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练习题 1}$GVb%i
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1 These small households were portraits of DwLl}{ r'
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independence: the entire family, mother, father, YhzDi>hob
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and working together to support each other. 1.__________ $7 08\!
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2 In the meantime the unscientific world awoke 6}RRrYL7I
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to the fact that scientists are on the track of a great 2.__________ N` DLIv8i;
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3 For in 1895, the year of the Curie marriage, ]vPa
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Roentgen discovered the famous rays that are 3.__________
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named after him--- he forerunners of modern jDp]}d|f)
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4 Mary hoped at one time to study at the University b"ypS7
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of Cracow, then under Austrian rule. But when she EBY=ccGE{
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demanded to allowed to attend science lectures, the 4.__________ y&0&K 4aa
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secretary said that science was not a thing in which OE!:`Bo3T
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women can meddle. kU8V,5
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5 Many part-time stu dents expected to offered some 5.__________ q/,W'lQ\;
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jobs on campus during the coming summer vacation. B.&ly/d
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6 Many people who live in London think that life in +XU*NAD,!
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a large city offered special advantages. 6.__________ 0@
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7 The changes that taken place in air travel during 7.__________ mq~7v1kw
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to even the most Brilliant scientists at the turn of o[^% 0uVF
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the 19th century. YMnG-'^Z
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8 I regret having left the work unfinished, I should AV AF!Z
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have plan every thing ahead carefully. 8.__________ E=GC
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9 No bank kept enough cash to pay all its depositors 9.__________ Z T95g
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10 The Conestoga wagon, used for carry heavy loads 10.__________ %#2[3N{
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over long distances, originated around 1725 in a region <a2t"rc
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答案： Nj*J~&6G
1. working→work。此句总体上讲述的是这些小家庭独立的掠影，而后半句解释到这些小家庭的成员生活在一起、工作在一起的情景，应该用一般现在时，和live保持一致。 B -|:l 7
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2. are→were。 acdaDY
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3. are→were。 SWY?0Pu
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4. allow前加be。“be allowed to do sth.”是“被允许作……”的意思。 o_t2
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5. offered前加be。“offer”是及物动词，后面应该接双宾语结构，即“offer sb. sth.”而在该句中缺少成分而只有宾语补主语，应该将其改为被动语态，即“be offered sth.” o )GNV
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6. offered→offers。 ,+3l9F uQ
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7. taken前加have。 oL1 m<cQo9
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8. plan→planned。 TFb9gOTJ
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9. kept→keep。 P6&@fwJ<
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10. carry→carrying。
