2019年考博英语语法点津：含蓄虚拟条件句

含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： hqRC:p#9  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 zC50 @S3|  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. s|IBX0^@  
　　A. In spite of [;m@A\F  
　　B. But for  }$oS/bo  
　　C. Because of sY<UJlDKT  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 6R :hsC$  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. coC T]<  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 jCY
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　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante e&sH<hWR  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 628iN% [-  
　　D. 9L$OSy|  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. ~d7t\
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　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： b}TvQ+W]2  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 -k + jMH  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 k"#gSCW$  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 1;[KBYUH  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. { 
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　　A. were sleeping FS}b9sQ)  
　　B. would be sleeping k, N{  
　　C. had been sleeping YM`T"`f  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 g}!{_z  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 8XJi}YPQ  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. kNK0KL  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. (F^R9G|  
　　(5)分词短语 \v&zsv\B@  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. HW]?%9a  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Mf14> `<`  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 A|LO!P,w  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. @%fTdneH  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ,KJHY
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　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. )!v"(i.5Xo  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. `(H vD] l  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 >3p~>;9sc  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 7f+@6jqD\)  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. y?a71b8m  
　　(8)独立主格结构 /69yR  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 6YU ,>KP  
　　(9)定语从句 7Tk//By7  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. zHA::6OgPN  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 9vP;i= fr  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： ke8g tbm  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. r QiRhp  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Eo2`Vr9g  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 3v
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　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 5@ +?{Cl  
　　God bless you! 1SztN3'q  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. o3`U;@&u  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). xgMh@@e  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once Fc@R,9