2022年考博英语完型填空练习题及答案

Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. __1__the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent__2__of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was__ 3__, or by whom. But it began to be__4__in the early 1900s. Jazz is America's contribution to__5__music. In contrast to classical music, which__6__ formal European traditions. jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy,__7__ moods, interests and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz__8__like America. And__9__it does today. The__10__of this music arc as interesting as the music__11__, American Negroes , or blacks, as they are called today were the Jazz__12__. They were brought to the Southern states__ 13__ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long__14__. When a Negro died his friends and relatives__15__a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the__ 16__. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion.__17__on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their__18__, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played__19__music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes__20__at the funeral. This music made everyone wan to dance. It was an early form of Jazz . PIA)d-
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　　8. A appeared B felt C seemed D sounded \u` )kJ5o1  
　　9. A as B so C either D neither ]u-SL md  
　　10. A origins B originals C discoveries D resources l>lW]W  
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　　13. A for B as C with D by hovGQHg  
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　　17. A Even B Therefore C Furthermore D But s*M @%_A?  
　　18. A number B members C body D relations rgIrr5  
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　　参考答案：1-10.B .A .C .A .C .B .A .D .B .A 11-20.B .D .B .C .D .B .D .B .C .C :(3|HTz  

The family is the center of most traditional Asians' lives. Many people worry about their families welfare, reputation, and honor. Asian families are often 1 , including several generations related by 2 or marriage living in "yb WDWu  
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　　the same home. An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family ---including the dead 3 . Traditional Chinese, among many other Asians, respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty 4 them. Children repay their parents' 5 by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a 6 part of life in China. 7 ,taking care of the aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous 8 in the United States,swheresaging and family support are not 9 highly. 10 , in the youth-oriented United States, growing old is seen as a bad thing, and many old people do not receive respect. Pilipinos, the most Americanized of the Asians, are 11 extremely family-oriented. They are 12 to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an education. 13 , the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who leave the country for economic reasons 14 send large parts of their income home to their parents. The Vietnamese family 15 people currently 16 as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn. Any 17 or actions are done from family considerations, not individual desires. People's behavior is fudged 18 whether it brings shame or pride to the family. The Vietnamese do not particularly believe in self-reliance; in this way, they are the 19 of people in the United States. Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their 20 in the next life. 9G?ldp8  
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　　参考答案： 1-10.B .C .D .A .C .B .D .C .B .A 11-20.C .B .A .C .B .C .B.A .B .B

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in __24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established k,]{NO   
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　　9.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect 73#9NZR  
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　　12.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence $pJ3xp&  
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　　15.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as ; W =by2x*  
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　　17.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible SwQOFE/Dv~  
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　　18.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability LIc*tsl  
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　　19.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity :K5V/-[|V1  
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　　20.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposing yzODF>KJ  
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　　参考答案：1-5. [C]. [D]. [A]. [D]. [A] 6-10. [B]. [C]. [D]. [A]. [B] 6NP`P jR  
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　　11-15. [A]. [C]. [D]. [B]. [A] 16-20. [B]. [B]. [D]. [A]. [C]

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases __31__ the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant __32__ of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a __33__ bill that will propose making payments to witnesses __34__ and will strictly control the amount of __35__ that can be given to a case __36__ a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he __37__ with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not __38__ sufficient control. __39__ of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a __40__ of media protest when he said the __41__ of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges __42__ to Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which __43__ the European Convention on Human Rights legally __44__ in Britain, laid down that everybody was __45__ to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe hands __46__ our British judges,” he said. Witness payments became an __47__ after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were __48__ to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised __49__ witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to __50__ guilty verdicts. eU<]h>2  
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　　4.[A] illogical[B] illegal[C] improbable[D] improper vU
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　　5.[A] publicity[B] penalty[C] popularity[D] peculiarity .je~qo)  
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　　8.[A] present[B] offer[C] manifest[D] indicate QmDhZ04f  

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　　9.[A] Release[B] Publication[C] Printing[D] Exposure !nqm ;96  
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　　10.[A] storm[B] rage[C] flare[D] flash ~Iu21Q(*  
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　　13.[A] changes[B] makes[C] sets[D] turns {O3oUE+  
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　　14.[A] binding[B] convincing[C] restraining[D] sustaining Ot8S'cB1,$  
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　　19.[A] what[B] when[C] which[D] that "3KSmb   
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　　20.[A] assure[B] confide[C] ensure[D] guarantee FsPDWy&x  
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　　参考答案：1-5. [D]. [A]. [D]. [B]. [A] 6-10. [C]. [D]. [B]. [B]. [A] G]NtX4'4  
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　　11-15. [B]. [C]. [B]. [A]. [C] 16-20. [A]. [D]. [C]. [D]. [C]

　Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __21__. As was ,m'#>d&zO  
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　　discussed before, it was not __22__ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic __23__, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the __24__ of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution __25__ up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading __26__ through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures __27__ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in __28__. It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, __29__, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, __30__ by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, __31__ its impact on the media was not immediately __32__. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as __33__, with display becoming sharper and storage __34__ increasing. They were thought of, like people, __35__ generations, with the distance between generations much __36__. It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the __37__ within which we now live. The communications revolution has __38__ both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been __39__ view about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed __40__ “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult. lXk-86[M  
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　　14.[A] ability [B] capability [C] capacity [D] faculty _\[JMhd}  
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　　17.[A] context[B] range[C] scope[D] territory _u5U> w  
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　　11-15. [D]. [A]. [A]. [C]. [B]16.-20 [D]. [A]. [C]. [B]. [C]