2006－2008华东师大考博英语真题

华东师范大学2006年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语
Paper One
注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.
1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded or lights .
A. came out B. came on C. came to D. came down
2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed for police cars in his mirror from time to time to make sure he was safe.
A. pulling out B. running through C. going ahead D. watching out
3. Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friends who were becoming increasingly of her success.
A. delightful B. graceful C. resentful D. respectful
4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being by the market.
A. replaced B. overlooked C. saturated D. penalized
5. Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her away
from the grim realities of daily life and her to fairyland of her own once she
started to play.
A. transforming B. transporting C. transplanting D. transcending
6. It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to what is likely to happen and act accordingly.
A. look out B. figure out C. turn out D. point out
7. At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches where
they were forced to worship in sections.
A. segregated B. sustained C. connected D. engaged
8. San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides views of the wide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge.
A. flashy B. transient C. breathtaking D. ambiguous
9. Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the of the American Negroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively.
A. conspiracy B. pledge C. plight D. compulsion
10. Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be , the tobacco company still insists that its products are harmless.
A. soluble B. deficient C. addictive D. skeptical
11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realize that he came early.
A. too much B. so much C. much too D. much so
12. I wanted to be sure a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice.
A. on account of B. in case of C. at the risk of D. in spite of
13. in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa.
A. Originally cultivated B. Having originally cultivated
C. Originally being cultivated D.Although it originally cultivated
14. It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciated time to relax.
A. to have B. having C. to have had D. of having
15. We’ve just installed central heating, should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter.
A. what B. that C. it D. which
16. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A.has light traveled B.light travels C.does light travel D.travels light
17. she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.
A. Just when B. It was while C. Soon after D. During the time when
18. While crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest they
by the local bandits.
A. be attacked B. must be attacked C. were attacked D.would be attacked
19. The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired
.
A. about B. of C. into D. after
20. They were more than glad to leave their cars parked and walked a change.
A. as B. for C. to D. by
Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.
(1)
When the brash British raider Sir James Goldsmith calculated that U. S. timberland was a tempting prize, he launched a $500-million bid to take over San Francisco’s Crown Zellerbach paper company in order to grab the corporation’s vast forests. As a result, Goldsmith owns 1.9 million acres of forests in Washington State, Oregon, Mississippi and Louisiana.
The United States seems to have become a country for sale. Foreign ownership in the United States, including everything from real estate to securities, rose to a remarkable $ 1.33 trillion last year, up 25.5 percent from the previous year. Foreign investors now own 46 percent of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles, 39 percent in downtown Houston, 32 percent in downtown Minneapolis and 21 percent in downtown Manhattan.
Esteemed U. S. corporate nameplates have been changing citizenship at a rapid clip. Smith & Wesson handguns have gone to the British. General Electric television sets have been bought by the French, Carnation foods by the Swiss, General Tire by the West Germans.
In fact, the question of what is truly America has become befuddling. The British, who burned Washington in 1814, have built or bought an estimated $773 million in District of Columbia property, including ownership of the famed Watergate complex. And what about breakfast (or a diamond ring) at Tiffany, or drinks in the cultured atmosphere of Manhattan’s Algonquin Hotel? Those vintage landmark buildings are now Japanese possessions.
The reasons for the rush to buy are abundantly clear. The U. S. dollar has plunged more than 50 percent in value during the past three years against such major foreign currencies as the Japanese yen, the West German mark and the British pound. The result is that everything with a dollar-denominated price tag has looked like a tremendous steal to holders of stronger currencies.
Japanese bargain shoppers increasingly cover neglected American gambling casinos. In April last year, Ginji Yasuda, a Korean-born Japanese, bought the 1100-room Aladdin Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas for $ 54 million and reopened it after spending another $30 million to restore its glitzy décor. Says Yasuda: “You have a lot of dreams still available in this country that you don’t have in Japan.” He plans to shuttle customers from Japan in a posh jet equipped with sleeping cabins.
Wile the Japanese have largely shied away from takeovers of major U. S. industrial corporations, at least partly in fear of a public relations backlash, the least inhibited bidders have been the British. They committed more than $27 billions last year to U. S. takeovers.
21. Sir James Goldsmith owns vast forests in the United States because .
A. he is a relentless raider
B. he has been awarded a grand prize
C. he has taken over a U. S. paper company
D. he has a number of corporations in Washington State
22. Foreign ownership of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles was 14 percent more than it was .
A. in downtown San Francisco B. in downtown Houston
C. in downtown Manhattan D. in downtown Minneapolis
23. In the United States, the British have already come into possession of .
A. the Watergate complex and General Tire
B. General Electric and General Tire
C. Manhattan’s Algonquin Hotel and the Watergate complex
D. Smith & Wesson and the Watergate complex
24. Judging from the context the phrase “a tremendous steal” in Paragraph 5 means
.
A. something extremely cheap B. something too expensive
C. something worth buying D. something dangerous but profitable
25. According to the passage, the Japanese investors .
A. have been slow in making large investments in land in the United States
B. have showed more interest in US major industrial corporations than in gambling houses
C. are not so bold as the British in taking over major US industrial corporations
D. have proved themselves the least inhibited bidders in the United States
(2)
Ever since the Industrial Revolution brought workers from small shops into factories, supervision have been required. Only during the last hundred years, however, has industrial management grown into a highly organized set of modern methods for achieving efficiency. Thus, management is a new human history, and it has already become vitally important for the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies.
Efficiency means getting results with the least possible waste of time, effort, and money. Therefore, efficiency is the aim of all management, both puplic and private. In private business, efficiency can be measured by profit, the surplus of income over expenditures.
The manager’s a job, then, is to get people to do things efficiently. The top manager manages other managers, chooses and trains them, plans their operations, and checks the results. All managers have practical complex problems, but they utilize methods based on a growing body of knowledge. Shop managers carry out time and motion studies to improve workers’ efficiency, and foremen give on-the-job training to workers. Industrial managers employ specialists to keep machines working properly and to ensure the supply of spare parts. The flow of work is supervised to avoid any unplanned idleness of workers of equipment. Each step in manufacturing is planned in detail, and the cost of each step is carefully calculated. Supervisors consult experts regularly in order to master new techniques. Personnel managers have learned to obtain greater efficiency from workers by providing rest periods and by improving morale through better heating, lighting, safety devices, cafeterias, and recreation facilities – even when these have not been demanded by labor unions. The use of modern electronic devices had led to increasing automation, in which many automatic machines function without any need for human labor.
Scientific management methods have spread to all branches of industry – not only manufacturing, but also accounting, finance, marketing, and other office work. There are planning systems, organization systems and control systems. Within these there are other systems for delegation of authority, budgeting, information feedback for control, and so on. The essence of all the functions of management is coordination, the harmonious combination of all individual efforts for the achievement of the objectives of the enterprise.
26. From the first paragraph, we know that .
A. industrial management depends on the success of all kinds of businesses and of
national economies
B. industrial management is indispensable to the successes of all kinds of businesses
and of national economies
C. the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies has nothing to do
with industrial management
D. industrial management did not develop until the last fifty years
27. The top manager .
A. is responsible for selecting other managers and help them do things efficiently
B. gets other managers to choose and train themselves
C. manages other managers’ operations
D. learns new techniques from other managers
28. All managers employ .
A. various methods to solve their practical and complex problems
B. specialists to keep machines working properly
C. workers who give on-the-job training
D. advisers to handle practical and complex problems
29. Personnel managers provide rest periods, safety devices, recreation facilities, etc. _______.
A. because the labor unions demand them
B. just to improve the workers’morale
C. to obtain greater efficiency from workers
D. to ensure the good working conditions
30. The essence of all management functions is .
A. to combine individual efforts to achieve the objectives of the enterprise
B. the coordination of the functions of management
C. the harmonious coordination of organization efforts for the achievement of
individual objectives
D. to coordinate the systems for planning, organization and control
(3)
The genetic characteristics of all life forms on earth are embodied in the chemical structure of DNA molecules. An organism’s DNA molecules provide a complete blueprint for its physical makeup. Genetic engineering is the process of altering the DNA genetic code to change the characteristics of plants and animals. Through the process, scientists can literally build to order new life forms that perform desired functions. For hundreds of years, humans have engineered the development of food crops and domesticated animals through selective breeding practices. For example, the modern dairy cow is the result of centuries of carefully breeding individual animals that carried the genetic trait for high milk production. However, new technology makes it possible for scientists to restructure the DNA molecules themselves and thus obtain more rapid and more radical genetic changes than were possible in the past. This new process is commonly called recombinant DNA technology or gene splicing because it involves disassembling the DNA molecule and then recombining or splicing the pieces according to a new pattern. The genespliced DNA molecule may have a genetic code that has never existed before.
Although recombinant DNA technology is still in its infancy, it has already demonstrated its value. New crop breeds produced by his process are already growing in farmers’ fields. Crops that are genetically engineered to resist pests, diseases, and drought could be important in efforts to alleviate starvation around the world. Scientists are trying to use genetic engineering to produce important drugs such as insulin and interferon cheaply. They are also working on a genetically engineered generation of wonder drugs to combat cancer and other killer diseases. However, the recombinant DNA technology brings with it problems our society has not previously faced. Gene splicing could produce new disease microorganisms, deadly to us or to the plants and animals upon which we depend. The possibility of altering human genetic structure raises serious moral, political, and social issues. Genetic engineering illustrates dramatically the promises and dangers of technological development. The decisions our society makes about genetic engineering will undoubtedly have tremendous consequences in the years to come.
31. The best title for this passage is .
A. The Basic Function of Genetic Engineering
B. New Applications of Genetic Engineering
C. Recombinant DNA Technology, A New Process in Genetic Engineering
D. The Promises & Dangers of Technological Development
32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about recombinant DNA technology?
A. It can bring about rapid and radical genetic changes in life forms.
B. It can be used to restructure DNA molecules to produce new desired plant and animal breeds.
C. It may increase the risk of producing some unexpected diseases.
D. It proves an effective way to cure cancer and other incurable diseases.
33. The word “alleviate” in paragraph 2 is nearest in meaning to .
A. relieve B. avoid C. eliminate D. terminate
34. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. there will inevitably be a heated debate over the general application of the
recombinant DNA technology
B. the use of the recombinant DNA technology on human beings will be forbidden
C. the recombinant DNA technology can be traced back to hundreds of years ago
D. serious dilemmas may be generated when it is used to modify human genetic code
35. The author’s attitude towards genetic technologies is .
A. enthusiastic B. indifferent C. critical D. objective
(4)
The word for “The Da Vinci Code” is a rare invertible palindrome. Rotated 180 degrees on a horizontal axis so that it is upside down, it denotes the maternal essence that is sometimes linked to the sport of soccer. Read right side up, it concisely conveys the kind of extreme enthusiasm with which this riddle-filled, code-breaking, exhilaratingly brainy thriller can be recommended. That word is wow.
The author is Dan Brown (a name you will want to remember). In this gleefully erudite suspense novel, Mr. Brown takes the format he has been developing through three earlier novels and fine-tunes it to blockbuster perfection. Not since the advent of Harry Potter has an author so flagrantly delighted in leading readers on a breathless chase and coaxing them through hoops. Consider the new book’s prologue, set in the Grand Gallery of the Louvre. (This is the kind of book that notices that this one gallery’s length is three times that of the Washington Monument.) It embroils a Caravaggio, an albino monk and a curator in a fight to the death. That’s scene leaving little doubt that the author knows how to pique interest, as the curator, Jacques Sauniere, fights for his life.
Desperately seizing the painting in order to activate the museum’s alarm system, Sauniere succeeds in buying some time. And he uses these stolen moments? Which are his last? To take off his clothes, draw a circle and arrange himself like the figure in Leonardo’s most famous drawing, “The Vitruvian Man.” And to leave behind an anagram and Fibonacci’s famous numerical series as clues.
Whatever this is about, it is enough to summon Langdon, who by now, he blushes to recall, has been described in an adoring magazine article as “Harrison Ford in Harris tweed.” Langdon’s latest manuscript, which “proposed some very unconventional interpretations of established religious iconography which would certainly be controversial,” is definitely germane.
Also soon on the scene is the cryptologist Sophie Neveu, a chip off the author’s earlier prototypes: “Unlike the cookie-cutter blondes that adorned Harvard dorm room walls, this woman was healthy with an unembellished beauty and genuineness that radiated a striking personal confidence.” Even if he had not contrived this entire story as a hunt for the Lost Sacred Feminine essence, women in particular would love Mr. Brown.
The book moves at a breakneck pace, with the author seeming thoroughly to enjoy his contrivances. Virtually every chapter ends with a cliffhanger: not easy, considering the amount of plain old talking that gets done. And Sophie and Langdon are sent on the run, the better to churn up a thriller atmosphere. To their credit, they evade their pursuers as ingeniously as they do most everything else.
When being followed via a global positioning system, for instance, it is smart to send the sensor flying out a 40-foot window and lead pursuers to think you have done the same. Somehow the book manages to reconcile such derring-do with remarks like, “And did you know that if you divide the number of female bees by the number of male bees in any beehive in the world, you always get the same number?”
“The Da Vinci Code” is breezy enough even to make fun of its characters’ own cleverness. At one point Langdon is asked by his host whether he has hidden a sought-after treasure carefully enough. “Actually,” Langdon says, unable to hide his grin, “that depends on how often you dust under your couch.”
36. Why does the author use the word “wow” to describe the novel The Da Vinci Code?
A. Because the word reads the same backwards.
B. Because it is also linked to the sport of football.
C. Because the novel is imbued with perplexing enigmas and smartly wrought.
D. Because the novel is a bestseller.
37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Dan Brown, author of “The Da Vinci Code” has published so far four novels.
B. The Da Vinci Code begins with a mysterious murder case in the Gallery of Luvre.
C. In his earlier novels, Dan Brown has created characters like Sophie Neveu.
D. The Da Vinci Code wins the popularity among women because Dan Brown is a
fervent feminist.
38. It can be inferred from the passage that Harry Potter is all the following EXCEPT
.
A. It is also a bestseller around the world
B. It attracts readers with heart-throbbing suspense
C. It is characterized by hoax and unreliable plots
D. It has achieved immense popularity with readers
39. The major factor that contributes to the success of The Da Vinci Code is .
A. the engrossing prologue
B. the depiction of the female protagonist Sophie Neveu
C. the breakneck pace and a cliffhanger at the end of almost every chapter
D. the colorful description of the cleverness of the characters
40. The author’s attitude towards “The Da Vince Code” is .
A. critical B. indifferent C. affirmative D. sarcastic
Paper Two
(注意：以下各题的答案必须写在Answer Sheet II上)
Part III Cloze (10%)
Directions: Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on Answer Sheet II.
It was during the nineteenth century that the rapid development of the heat engine took place, and with ever increasing power at the disposal of man, the mechanical age began. The demand 41 more and more power as new industries evolved created a great incentive for invention. At first, attention was solely devoted to practical improvement, but 42 the trend was more toward philosophical reasoning, with a result that engineers found 43 necessary to review their fundamental ideas. It was seen that the consideration of practical detail 44 was insufficient in the attempt to produce more efficient machines. Theoretical reasoning was also necessary, and it was through the work of men such as Carnot, Gibbs and others, 45 the theoretical study developed. The 46 of their philosophy and the skill of the craftsmen, together with the ingenuity of the practical engineers, resulted 47 progressively more efficient engines.
48 with the prime movers of the nineteenth century, our present-day engines and power plants are very efficient. Nevertheless, design and development engineers are continually striving to produce even more efficient machines. In this task they must engage in conflict 49 the restrictions which Nature imposes upon energy conversion processes, and they must be 50 with the knowledge which is gained from the study of the subject of Thermodynamics.
Part IV Translation (15%)
Directions: Put the following passage into English.
现在教育和就业的距离正在拉大。雇主往往抱怨现在的毕业生既不能写也不能算。而毕业生自己在找工作时发现有的知识派不上什么用场，很难把课堂里学到的理论运用到实践中去。有些穴生感到失望是因为他们发现适应他们专业的工作在劳动市场上太少了。换句话说，某些专业的毕业生已供大于求。该是考虑改革一下我们的教育制度的时候了，使我们不至于白白浪费人才。例如，我们可以重视一下职业教育，帮助学生为将来走上工作岗位作好准备。
Part V Writing (15%)
Directions: Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic. Remember to write your composition on Answer Sheet II.
My Views about the Future of China

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Re:05华东师大英语真题

2005年华东师大博士生英语入学试卷
考试须知 1）本考卷共包括九大项，共18页。考试时间为180分钟，满分100分。
2）试卷中Paper One各项答案按相应题号一律用铅笔划线填入答题卡。
3）Paper Two各项用钢珠笔答在答题纸上，字迹需清晰端正。
Paper One
Part I Listening comprehension (15%)
Section A (5%)
Directions: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question
will be asked about what was said. Each conversation and question will be spoken only once. After each
question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C
and D, and decide which one is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a
single line through the centre.
1. A Her money was stolen. B A man kicked her. C She fell sick. D She was disgraced.
2. A London. B Berlin. C Rome. D Paris.
3. A The woman is joking. B The refrigerator doesn’t work well. C He’s leaving in three weeks.
D It’s not surprising the milk ruined.
4. A She’s a heavy smoker. B She’s playing the organ. C She can’t hear well. D She’s a plumber.
5. A The woman lost her memory last year. B The woman had trouble finding anyone who knew her.
C The woman wanted other people to form a fair opinion about her. D The woman was seriously injured last winter.
6. A The woman should go to work right now. B The woman should know when to ask for help.
C The man doesn’t think it worthwhile to repair the car. D The man doesn’t want to help the woman.
7.A Rest more frequently. B Quit her job. C Take a leave of absence. D Confront her supervisor.
8. A His wife does not like Scotland. B His wife is afraid of traffic accidents.
C His wife has been unwell recently. D His wife has a personal problem.
9. A Jim's superior attitude. B Jim's irrelevant response. C Jim's choice of subject. D Jim's negligence.
10. A It is difficult. B It is a piece of cake. C It is interesting. D It is a well-paid job.
Section B (10%)
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some
questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must
choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
Passage I
11. A Animals yawn for a number of reasons. B Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom.
C Human yawns are the same as those of other animals. D Only social animals yawn.
12. A When they are swimming. B When they are quarreling. C When they are socializing. D When they are eating.
13. A To exercise the jaw muscles. B To eliminate fatigue. C To get greater strength for attacking.
D To gain more oxygen.
Passage II
14. A A good actor who thinks he is bad. B A bad actor who thinks he is good. C A clown.
D An actor in some American minstrel shows.
15. A He tries to poison other actors whenever there is such a chance. B He forgets his lines most of the time.
C He tries to attract the audience’s attention by all means. D He quarrels with other actors all the time.
16. A 1. B 2. C 3.D 4.
Passage III
17.A It had people talking on it. B It had animal songs on it. C It had computer songs on it.
D It had children singing on it.
18. A The musicians played their own instruments. B The musicians turned on the stereo.
C The musicians pressed keys on a computer. D The musicians designed the computer programs.
19. A He wanted his children to hear them.B He knew that there would be a lot more sounds to record.
C He wanted to use his new stereo. D He knew that he could sell them for a lot of money.
20. A people yelling B oil well drilling C cars and trucks movingD mountain rocks cracking
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15%)
Directions: Below each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best
ompletes the sentence or that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.Write the
corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠ.
21. They were in a dreadful when their money, tickets and passports were stolen while they were on holiday.
A conspiracy B plight C serenity D custody
22. Undoubtedly the flood could have been if the local government had invested more money in greening the environment.
A put off B turned off C kept off D written off
23. The accountant thousands of dollars from the charity while appearing to be its best fundraiser.
A donated B validated C embezzled D certify
24. A healthy diet includes lots of natural food with plenty of proteins and vitamins.
A indigestible B wholesome C leftover D heavy
25. There are several between the original estimates of the cost and the actual bills.
A exaggerations B discrepancies C breakthroughs D compliances
26. To everybody’s surprise, the referee took a view of the foul and did not punish the player at all.
A lenient B divergent C dim D cautious
27. This week ten top designers will their autumn collections at the fashion fair.
A enhance B lubricate C hustle D. unveil
28. Depressed, overworked, and by those people whom he owed money, he decided to put an end to his problems.
A bewitched B bewildered C besmirched D beset
29. The terrible accounting error was corrected just before the ledger was .
A audited B overlooked C endowed D registered
30. She was an experienced traveler who had both Africa and Europe in her twenties.
A traversed B transferred C trampled D trespassed
31. Yesterday afternoon a multitude of people attended the fund raising presentation in the mall.
A small number B special group C huge crowd D youthful team
32. During the civil war, many foreign establishments were seized by some warring factions.
A taken off B taken out C taken over D taken on
33. The president’s compassion for the neighboring refugees caused him to admit a very large number of them into his country.
A friendship B pity C respect D hostility
34. Mr. Del Rio was asked to condense his report in order to allow his audience some time to ask questions.
A abbreviate B expand C continue D delay
35. Egyptian authorities are trying to prevent their historical monuments from succumbing to the ravages of time.
A standing by B counting on C yielding to D holding up
36. Realizing that many readers find long descriptive passages uninteresting, Bruce began his story with an exciting conflict.
A melancholy B tedious C incredible D offensive
37. The cat remained utterly still for a full minute, blue eyes blazing in the dark mask.
A completely B somewhat C rather D partially
38. The old lady was worn out when she got home from the long walk along the river.
A exhausted B excited C refreshed D contented
39. Jonah dropped in on some old friends on his vacation trip to Philadelphia.
A met B visited C missed D greeted
40. Frank considered the problem in his mind for two days before he did something about it.
A turned out B turned to C turned on D turned over
41. Although Jack and I had not met for over 20 years I recognized him I saw him.
A just as B even though C the minute D as long as
42. for his illness, he would have come to help you paint your house.
A Not being B Not having been C Had it not been D Having it not been
43. The father, who was illiterate, said to his son that he was dog to learn new tricks.
A too old a B a too old C so old a D a so old
44.Although he is very fat, Jack doesn’t fancy on a strict diet.
A to put B putting C to be put D being put
45. Much I liked Mary, I hated the superior tone that she sometimes took with me.
A while B as C since D for
46. she was living in London that she met her husband Terry.
A Just when B During the time when C Soon after D It was while
47. The waves violently against the shore, people couldn’t hear them crying for help.
A beating B had beaten C beat D were beating
48. Mary would rather her boyfriend in the same college as she does.
A studies B studied C study D to study
49. It is well known that everything on earth is subjected the law of nature.
A by B with C to D from
50. You’re responsible to is in charge of sales.
A who B whom C whoever D that
Part III Error Identification (5%)
Directions: There are four underlined words or parts marked A, B, C and D in each of the following entences.
Choose the one that you think incorrect, and write the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠ.
51. Using the new digital tools available makes this process more easier since the data can be transferred
A B C D
directly to the computer.
52. One of the most common and serious problems facing by the aged is that of making ends meet from one
A B C
day to the next.
D
53. If the number of smoking keep on rising, by the second or third decade of the next century there could be
A B C
10 million deaths each year from smoking-related illness.
D
54. The temperature in the coastal city this summer hit a record high for the year, peaked at a scorching 37.1
A B C D
degree centigrade.
55. It is important that students will know how to deal with multi-sense words in English.
A B C D
56. At no time in history there has been such a mass migration of people from countryside to city as is
A B C D
happening now.
57. She as well as the other students have learned how to install this electric equipment.
A B C D
58. Manufacturing companies spend millions of pounds trying to convince customers that their products are
A B C
superior than those of other companies.
D
59. It was not until the end of Second World War when petroleum and natural gas liquids took the lead as
A B C
number one fuel.
D
60. Were it not for her lack of experience she will be the ideal person for the job.
A B C D
Part IV Reading Comprehension (25%)
Directions: Read the following five passages carefully, choose the best answer to each question from the four
choices given below, and then write the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠ.
Passage One
For much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn’t also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?
Pat, Nixon’s wife of 53, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of a spouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Buckminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is this more than coincidence?
“Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us,” says Knul Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, “that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don’t know how to take care of ourselves.” In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who’d never been widowed.
Women’s health and resilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.
For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. “All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened,” says Gerald Davison, professor of psychology at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon’s case, Davison speculates, “the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probably hastened by it.” Depression can affect the surviving spouse’s will to live; suicide rates are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.
Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Blazer, is higher in older people without a good social-support system, who don’t feel they’re part of a group or a family, that they “fit in” somewhere. And that’s a more common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health hazard, says Blazer. “A person who loses a spouse shows deterioration in normal habits like sleeping and eating,” he says. “They don’t have the other person to orient them, like “When do you go to bed, when do you wake up, when do you eat, when do you take your medication, when do you go out to take a walk?” Your pattern is no longer locked into someone else’s pattern, so it deteriorates.”
While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year – or even first week – were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and above all, feeling needed and appreciated.
61. It is known from the passage that Richard Nixon died at the age of .
A 73 B 81 C 77 D 65
62. According to researchers who study bereavement, Richard Nixon’s death might be .
A caused by his heart disease B indirectly linked to his wife’s death
C the inevitable result of old age D caused by an unexplainable accident
63. In his research on bereavement, Helsing found that .
A remarried men live healthier lives B unmarried men have the longest life expectancies
C remarried widowers do not have higher mortality rates than those who have never been widowed
D widows were unaffected by their spouses’ death
64. According to the passage a spouse’s death can lead the surviving one to .
A lose his or her friends B diminish social activitiesC be vulnerable to illness D reject his or her children’s care
65.It is suggested in the passage that widowers or widows suffer from the death of their spouses because they are .
A unprepared for independence during the marriage B incapable of taking care of themselves during the marriage
C unwilling to socialize with others during the marriage D too indulgent during the marriage
Passage Two
No agricultural operation has ever been invested with so much glamour as the making of maple syrup. We tapped about two hundred trees, few enough for us to know the personality of each. In a hollow on the south-east corner of the woods was a vast gnarled specimen which always had its three small red buckets full and often running over. I still think of that tree with affection, admiration, and gratitude. On the more exposed westerly side of the wood were almost equally sizeable specimens which scarcely produced a drop. We regarded them with dislike and resentment. Like certain politicians they had successfully divorced promise from performance.
Sap in those days was collected in a wooden tub mounted on a sleigh. A circular track wound through the black, silent woods. The horses pulled the tub on the sleighs from point to point along this track. At each stop we fanned out with large pails to collect the sap from the bucket attached to each tree. If the sap was running well there might be a pleasant air of urgency about this task for numerous buckets would be spilling over. The sap was then boiled in a flat rectangular pan, about three feet by six or seven, which sat on a cement arch over a vigorous log fire. Immediately behind the arch, from which the operation could be watched, and with the whole front open to the fire, was the small, tin-roofed shed. There is no aroma on earth like that of boiling sap. In good years it was necessary to boil all night to keep abreast of the run. Then hour after hour the white steam billowed off into the black night or, on occasion, rolled into the shed as a special reward. Neighbors who did not make syrup came across the fields and through the woods to sit and watch the fire and the steam and enjoy the smell. One could take a dipper, dip out a pint or two of the thickening sap, cool it in a snowbank, and drink it all.
The flavor of the syrup then produced was far better than what a less fortunate generation now gets. I learned the reason in what I believe was my first introduction to scientific investigation. Two brothers named John and Angus McNabb went into production of maple syrup on a commercial basis: they bought covered buckets and an evaporator and a galvanized tank for the sap and set out to make a quality product. It was completely tasteless and Jim McKillop showed them why.
As the sap dripped into the open buckets, quite a few dried leaves fell in too. A large number of brown moths were also attracted by the moisture, sugar, or both. So were the field mice. Jim rightly suspected that these had something to do with the flavor and on the night of the experiment he put a quart or so of water into a sap bucket and added a handful of moths, two dead mice, and several milligrams of mouse droppings which he had got from a mouse’s nest. He boiled all of this into a good thick stock and added it to a gallon of the insipid McNabb syrup. There was no question; the flavor was miraculously improved.
66. The writer and his associates liked or disliked the ‘personality’ of a tree according to the .
A part of the woods in which it grew B amount of sap that it yielded
C size that it eventually reached D amount of time spent tapping it
67. How was the sleigh used to collect the sap?
A It moved continuously around the circular track. B It stopped twice on the track.
C It stopped at every red bucket. D It stopped frequently around the track.
68. What made the work at the shed an especially enjoyable occasion?
A The smell of the boiling sap. B The way it brought the neighbors along.
C The warmth of the fire. D The smell of the wood fire.
69. The McNabb brothers bought the new equipment because they .
A wanted to investigate scientific production methods B wanted to make a less strong-tasting syrup
C wanted a product of marketable quality D thought their neighbors’ methods were old-fashioned
70. Jim McKillop’s experiment proved that much of the flavor of syrup made by the traditional method was produced by .
A the sugar which collected in the open buckets B things that accidentally fell into the buckets
C keeping the buckets covered D using equipment made of wood
Passage Three
As journalism becomes more and more competitive, all of us – whether in broadcast news or in print (some may want to argue that this is true more of broadcast news, and I perhaps wouldn’t want to debate that) – are falling back on the tried and true local news formulas. We have, by and large, accepted the proposition that people don’t care about foreign news, don’t really care much about hard news at all – that “feel-good” news, entertainment, “info-tainment”, features, and gossip sell better than anything serious and certainly sell better than anything too disturbing.
I believe that kind of talk is wrong. I believe that kind of talk is dangerous. And I know that kind of talk has nothing to do with leadership and public service. Using public opinion polls, focus groups, and other market research techniques in a limited role as informational tools is one thing; using them as an excuse to duck our responsibility to the public trust is quite another. And for journalists to become slaves to market research – like the politicians before us – is, I submit, most dangerous of all. Where are the publishers, editors, and reporters of grit, gumption, and guts? Where are the ones who will follow their conscience or even their “nose for news” instead of the public opinion polls? Harry Truman once said that, if Moses had taken a public opinion poll, he would never have left Egypt.
Of course, there is one special problem for those of us who earn our living reporting the news that others make. Leadership requires definite opinions on which course to take, what path to follow; but those of us in the mainstream media are trained to set our opinions aside as far as humanly possible. We try to keep open minds; by and large, we aren’t joiners. We know (often better than we’re given credit for) that we don’t have any secret formulas for answering the important questions. So we can justifiably ask: “How are we to lead?” I know that we in the media are. George Bernard Shaw once observed that newspapers are unable to distinguish between a bicycle accident and the collapse of civilization. For us, leadership should be the willingness to distinguish between what’s merely interesting and what’s vitally important.
Now, when someone says that some stories are more important than others, he or she is often labeled an elitist, someone who just doesn’t understand what “real people” care about. This is, of course, the familiar defense for trash television and trash tabloids. And it’s also the reason given for reducing foreign news coverage, as well as coverage of political campaigns. There are a lot of people in the business who say “real people” won’t care unless it bleeds or burns. There are a lot of doctors and market researchers out there who insist that “real people” don’t care much what happens in the rest of the world – they want the words American and the United States plastered all over their news like flags crowding a campaign platform.
71. Which of the following words can substitute duck in the second paragraph?
A Shoulder B Assume C Dodge D Confront
72. What did Harry Truman mean by saying that “if Moses had taken a public opinion poll, he would never have left Egypt?”
A Moses did not want to leave Egypt, but he was forced to.
B Moses should have taken a public opinion poll before he made the decision.
C Moses left Egypt because he did not take a public opinion poll.
D Anyone who wants to do something great shall act resolutely.
73. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A In the U.S., local news had a wider coverage than foreign news. B Local news is more serious than foreign news.
C “Real people” favor foreign news over local news. D Foreign news is forbidden in the U.S.
74. The tone of the passage is .
A commanding B ironical C critical D appreciative
75. According to the writer, the media should .
A report what the “real people” like B base their decisions on the public opinion
C have their own judgment in what is to be broadcast D learn from the politicians in making strategies
Passage Four
Imagine arriving at a beach at the end of a long summer of wild goings-on. The beach crowd is exhausted, the sand shopworn, hot, and full of debris – no place for walking barefoot. You step on a bottle, and some cop yells at you for littering. The sun is directly overhead and leaves no patch of shade that hasn’t already been taken. You feel the glare beating down on a barren landscape devoid of secrets or innocence. You look around at the disapproving faces and can’t help but sense that, somehow, the entire universe is gearing up to punish you.
This is how today’s young people feel as members of what 30-year-old writer Nancy Smith calls “the generation after. Born after 1960, after you, after it all happened.” After Boomers. And before the Babies-on-Board of the 1980s, those cuddly tykes deemed too cute and fragile to be left home alone. Who does the leave stuck in the middle? Eighty million young men and women, ranging in age from 11 to 31. They make up the biggest generation in American history (yes, bigger than the Boom); the most diverse generation – ethnically, culturally, economically, and in family structure; the only generation born since the Civil War to come of age unlikely to match their parents’ economic fortunes; and the only one born this century to grow up personifying (to others) not the advance, but the decline of their society’s greatness.
As they shield their eyes with Ray-Ban Wayfarer sunglasses, and their ears with their Model TCD-D3 Sony Walkmen, today’s teens and twenties tone-setters look shocking on the outside, unknowable on the inside. To older eyes, they present a splintered image of brassy sights and smooth manner. Families aside, what the older crowd knows of them comes mostly from a mix of film cuts, celebrity blurbs, sports reports, and crime files.
Are they a “generation”? Yes, with a personality that reaches across the board---rich and poor, black and white, Hispanic and Asian, male and female, celebrity and everyman. Whatever a 15- or 25-year-old’s individual circumstances, he or she can sense a composite personality, a generational core. It’s something each individual can help define, “slack” within, or fight against – but cannot easily ignore. The simple fact of ethnic and socioeconomic diversity (in contrast to the far greater homogeneity found in older generations) is an essential part of this persona.
Yes, this is a generation with a PR problem. Its collective reputation comes from young celebrities and criminals, from the biggest stories of success and failure. Yet most in their teens and twenties are quick to insist that people cover stories and police blotters tell little about them personally, about their circles of friends, about their lives in school or on the job, about what it means to come of age in 1990s America. And, they insist, their generation will remain a mystery until elders take the trouble to block out the iconography and look more discerningly at the young men and women in daily American life.
76. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer feels the current generation of youth in America .
A is looked down upon B is extremely arrogant C has great potential for success
D represents the advance of America’s greatness
77. Judging by the context, the word “iconography” in the last paragraph means .
A image B past experiences C criticism D statistics
78. According to the passage, the present generation of youth differs greatly from older generations .
A in its homogeneity B in its ambitions C in its education D in its knowledge
79. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A The current generation has a healthy self-esteem B The current generation is largely misunderstood.
C The current generation will likely be as wealthy as their parents.
D The current generation has ruined American beaches.
80. The phrase “devoid of” in the first paragraph can be replaced by .
A caught up in B swarming with C bereft of D depraved by
Passage Five
I had visited the capital before although my friend Arthur had not, I first visited London as a student, reluctantly released from the bosom of a tearful mum, with a traveling trunk stuffed full of home-made fruit cakes and woolly vests. I was ill-prepared for the Spartan standards of the South. Through even the grimmest post-war days, as kids we had ploughed our way through corner cuts of beef and steamed puddings. So you can imagine my dismay when I arrived, that first day, at my London digs to be faced with a plate of tuna-paste sandwiches and a thin slice of cake left curling under a tea-towel. And that was supposed to be Sunday lunch!
When I eventually caught up with my extremely irritating landlady, I met with a vision of splendor more in keeping with the Royal Enclosure at the races than the area in which she lived. Festooned with jewels and furs and plastered with exclusive cosmetics, she was a walking advert for Bond Street.
Now, we have a none too elegant but very apt phrase for this in the North of England, and it was the one my friend Arthur came up with to describe London after three days there: ‘All fur coat and nothing underneath’.
Take our hotel. The reception area was plush and inviting, the lounge and dining-room posh enough to start Arthur speaking ‘properly’. But journey upstairs from one landing to the next, and the veneers of civilization fell away before your eyes. By the time we reached our room, all pretension to refinement and comfort had disappeared. The fur coat was off (back in the hands of the hire purchase company), and what we were really expected to put up with for a small fortune a night was exposed in all its shameful nakedness. It was little more than a garret, a shabby affair with patched and peeling walls. There was a stained sink with pipes that grumbled and muttered all night long and an assortment of furnishings that would have disgraced Her Majesty’s Prison Service. But the crowning glory was the view from the window. A peek behind the handsome façade of our fabled city. Rank gardens choked with rubbish; all the debris of life piled against the back door. It was a good job the window didn’t open, because from it all arose the unmistakable odor of the abyss.
Arthur, whose mum still polishes her back step and disinfects her dustbin once a week, slumped on to the bed in a sudden fit of depression. ‘Never mind’, I said, drawing the curtains. ‘You can watch telly.’ This was one of the hotel’s luxuries, which in the newspaper ad had persuaded us we were going to spend the week in style. It turned out to be a yellowing plastic thing with a picture which rolled over and over like a floundering fish until you took your fist to it. But Arthur wasn’t going to be consoled by any cheap technological gimmicks.
He was sure his dad had forgotten to feed his pigeons and that his dogs were pining away for him. He grew horribly homesick. After a terrible night spent tossing and turning to a ceaseless cacophony of pipes and firedoors, traffic, drunks and low-flying aircraft, Arthur surfaced next day like a claustrophobic mole. London had got squarely on top of him. Seven million people had sat on him all night, breathed his air, generally fouled his living space, and come between him and that daily quota of privacy and peace which prevents us all from degenerating into mad axemen or reservoir poisoners.
Arthur had to be got out of London for a while.
81. When the writer first came to the capital .
A he had been very reluctant to leave his mother B his mother had not wanted him to leave home
C he had made no preparations for his journey south D he had sent his possessions on ahead in a trunk
82. The writer was surprised at what he received for Sunday lunch because .
A food had always been plentiful at home B he had been used to grimmer times at home
C things had been difficult after the war up North
D beef had always been available from the butcher on the corner at home
83. The landlady seemed to epitomize a phrase used in the North of England to indicate that things were .
A tender underneath the surface B vulnerable to the outside world C more profound than they seemed D beautiful but only superficially
84. The room which the writer and his friend were to share .
A was more suited to housing prisoners than hotel guests B had a magnificent view from one of its windows
C had a door which provided access to a rubbish tip D was situated above some foul-smelling gardens
85. The writer feels that in order to remain sane, one needs a certain amount of .
A physical exercise B fresh air C daily nourishment D breathing space
Paper Two
Part V Translation (25%)
Section A (12%)
Directions: Translate the following English passage into Chinese. Write your version on Answer Sheet II.
The idea that public status comes with a loss of privacy is unpersuasive. Far more persuasive is the thought that a person’s privacy may be breached if the information disclosed serves a proven public interest. A code of press practice specifies the various conditions that could count as involving a genuine public interest in publication, such as detecting or exposing crime, protecting public health, preventing the public from being misled. Showing public officials to be corrupt, grossly inefficient, criminally negligent, or dishonest is certainly in the public’s interest, provided that these failings bear directly on their performance of their public duties. Thus, for example, a revealing that a minister is a highly paid non-executive director of a company which regularly seeks contracts with the government is a matter for public concern. However, the majority of cases where privacy is breached touch on matters of sexual morality and it is much harder to see how the public interest is served by their disclosure.
Section B (13%)
Directions: Translate the following Chinese passage into English. Write your version on Answer Sheet II.
可以相当有把握地预言，未来的机械所需要的动力将主要是原子能。到那时候，世界上的煤和石油已全部用光，风力和潮汐将不被人们所重视，而通过分裂原子即可获得的原子能因使用更为方便，将备受欢迎。使用原子能的方法目前还是一个严加保守的秘密，但对未来的人们说来，则将成为常识。由于可以获得无穷无尽的动力使整个世界正常运转，未来的公民们将具有比我们现在更高的生活水平和更多的闲暇。这样，人类就可以把一部分精力从赚取足够的钱财以求生存下去这种单调的需要中解放出来，将它用于享受更大的人生乐趣，用于更全面地征服大自然。
Part VI Writing (15%)
Directions: In this part you are to write a composition of about 200 words based on the following topic. Please
write your composition on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
The Power of Humor

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