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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 |/AY!Y3  
  一、肺 Lung {!vz 6QDS  
  清晰 clear Xa32p_|5~  
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows KwuNHK)-  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings H"> }y D  
  钙化灶 calcified @VcSK`  
  空洞 cavitation &za ~=+  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) s"\o6r ,  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density i&?do{YQ)  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows qjp<_aw  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density bbU{ />yW  
  圆形致密影 a round density o$DJL11E  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening _*Z2</5   
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle e RjpR?!\  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement K) "cwk-  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion DOm5azO!>  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax 3q.O^`y FU  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement cEd!t6Z  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze V/G'{ q  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density }]H_|V*f  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) 81|Xg5g)b  
  阴影性状 shadow /IC7q?avQN  
  淡的 haziness jo4*,B1x  
  云雾状 clouding rs R0V+(W  
  线装 streaky QMfa~TH#p  
  絮状 patcky Xo*=iD$Jys  
  结节状 nodular lc=C  
  块状 massive 5u\si4BL{  
  粟粒状 miliary !RnO {FL  
  融合状 confluent g(Jzu'  
  均匀的 homogeneous j#b?P=|l  
  二、心脏 Heart {7)D/WY5  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement RTNUHz;{L  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta XnQo0 R.PW  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart <m80e),~  
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment ,iU ]zN//  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery N(@'L43$V  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow EW{z?/  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement ho_;;y  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation  )>Oip  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart A:EF#2) g  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta h@T}WZv  
  心腰部 waist of heart DEaO= p|  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart a2*WZc`  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film a8-2:8Su  
  结石 calculus a4X J0Tm  
  钙化影 calcified shadow AU}P`fT!  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern SG8H~]CO)  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level 5,'?NEyw  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air ]?xF'3#  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination S'HM|&  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography -,et. *  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography rB}UFS)  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign BUv;BzyV  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) J1Mm,LTO  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine N<:5 r  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon 8UoMOeI3  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time Tn/T :7C  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach dx[<@f2c  
  充盈缺损 filling defect \CB{Ut+s  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds =V_} z3b  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) SZ~Ti|^  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap {.z2n>1J{T  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) rOB-2@-  
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis ._=Pa)T  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis >ALU}o/  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation 18Vtk"j  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon 57)S"  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold !~m)_Q5?~  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold -Duy: C6W  
  五、胆道 bile tract 2<yi8O\  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography 1a| q&L`o  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography <dD}4c+/t  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography ;) 5d wq  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) Yp./3b VO  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct q+3Z3v  
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily p< '#f,o  
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately q0.+F4  
  收缩功能 contractibility z6B/H2  
  六、骨骼skeleton 0lF.!\9  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone ?2% d;tW  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance iT% aAVs  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction vO%n~l=  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) .rD@Q{e50  
  骨化 ossification >,y291p2  
  畸形 deformity ~{0:`)2FQ  
  缩短 shortening vJ7I [Z  
  移位 displacement "L|Ew#  
  脱位 luxation MmI4J$F  
  半脱位 subluxation "8&pT^  
  连接不正 malunion  VljAAt  
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture 7u6o~(  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture U>IllNd  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture V'#dY~E-P  
  关节间隙 joint space *$Z}v&-0k  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space $]%;u: Sa  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage @ JZ I  
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) sD7Qt  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis }tF/ca:XPQ  
  死骨 sequestrum ^o_2=91  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis  7cr@;%#  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint Q zPq^  
  关节强直 ankyloses 5DK>4H:  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation gV$j ]  
  对线良好 good alignment l)[\TD  
  对位良好 good apposition u pg ?  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system PEac0rSW  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) 9W:oo:dK F  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography NZdjS9  
  萎缩 atrophy +>/ariRr  
  移位 deformity [9(tIb!x  
  扭曲 distortion `uM:>  
  充盈缺损 filling defect ;,[6 n|M  
  狭窄 stricture L6./b;  
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone $}_N379&  
  八、X线检查位置 -G e5g Q=  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection b6:A-jb*I  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection @wy|l)%  
  侧位 lateral projection lPx4=O  
  立位 upright position 9]fhH  
  斜位 oblique projection v".q578 0B  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection ) DXN|<A  
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection qYR $5  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection )b`Xc+{>  
  轴位 axial position 5LdVcXf  
  头位 cranial projection 6w(Mb~[n  
  尾位 caudal projection Ko_Sx.  
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