医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 T8 FW(Gw#
一、肺 Lung }e7Rpgu
清晰 clear 0#|Jhmv-zL
肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows hb[ThQ
肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings 4
]oe`yx
钙化灶 calcified (B#FLoK
空洞 cavitation =ejcP&-V/
球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) 1j2U,_-
小块阴影区 a minimal area of density rJ/HIda
散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows PMQTcQ^
边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density <@J$hs9s
圆形致密影 a round density %|jS`kj
胸膜增厚 pleural thickening o[;P@F
肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle C|y^{4|R
横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement e1[ReZW
包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion e N`+ r
液气胸 hydropneumothorax 0Gu77&
纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement UP#@gxF
肺门模糊 hilar haze shw?_#?1dy
肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density 0A}XhX
肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) zlLZ8b+
阴影性状 shadow :$I"n\
淡的 haziness Z|K HF"
云雾状 clouding
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线装 streaky _J C*4
絮状 patcky ?g1eW
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结节状 nodular s:{[Y7\?
块状 massive W2`3 p
粟粒状 miliary 0d[O/Q`
融合状 confluent I=DVMG|
均匀的 homogeneous 1n8y4k)
二、心脏 Heart
:%sG'_d
左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement K^x{rn.Zf
主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta d8Vqmrc~
主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart D <~UaHfk
肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment M8lw;
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肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery nZiwR4kM
心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow N-N]BS6
左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement uou
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左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation rFcz0
靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart 7 @\i5
主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta R?{_Q<17
心腰部 waist of heart <uU<qO;6
垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart 'xd8rN%T
三、腹部平片 KUB film 9qa/f[G
结石 calculus ^vm6JWwN0B
钙化影 calcified shadow \e'Vsy>q
阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern +Zi+
/9Z(H
液气平面 gas-fluid level [PXq<ST
膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air lpPPI+|4N
四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination o]V.6Ge-
胃肠造影 gastroenterography {Zw;<1{E
双重对比造影 double contrast radiography 1tO96t^d%
食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign )cL(()N
十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) qu#xc0?
小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine
f5M;q;
结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon +<$nZ=,hsy
胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time Dl~(NLM
胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach gdSqG2/&
充盈缺损 filling defect ^?]-Q*w3Qs
黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds k:7Gb7\
张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) Qm7];,
球部激惹现象 irritable cap #oiU|>3Y
蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) :G98uX t
蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis 3 ;" [WOv
蠕动消失 aperistalsis !\VEUF,K?
排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation JXRU9`3)A
跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon C(h<s
e?
黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold ,%A|:
T]
黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold mw^>dv?
五、胆道 bile tract >Mh\jt\
口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography RX{}
UmU<
静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography ,K@[+ R!
经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography ' A+L
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经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) ^uG^>Om*
胆总管扩张dilated common duct }'}n~cA.{
胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily 569p/?
胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately )w<Z4_!N4s
收缩功能 contractibility a6xo U;T
六、骨骼skeleton Odw'Ua
骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone *pD|N
洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance %A3m%&(m&%
骨膜反应 periosteal reaction {U>N*&_`
骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) R|$b\3
骨化 ossification \}4*}Lr
畸形 deformity 9MO=f^f-
缩短 shortening [aA@V0l
移位 displacement L58#ri=
脱位 luxation .Mb0++% W
半脱位 subluxation F7j/Zuj
连接不正 malunion g5pFr=NV
青枝骨折 greenstick fracture i5Sya]FN
多发性骨折 multiple fracture e
T;@pc
病理性骨折 pathological fracture #C.
关节间隙 joint space }wp/,\_
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椎间隙 intervertebral space EN[T3 Y
肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage EAXl.Y.
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骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) ^Lc\{,m
骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis VoUo!t:(+
死骨 sequestrum bW!
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骨质坏死 bone necrosis >EFWevT{
关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint FP=27=
关节强直 ankyloses Q~0>GOq*
骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation Y-y yg4JH
对线良好 good alignment Bf#cBI
对位良好 good apposition vC@^B)5gb
七、泌尿系统 urological system N8Z z6{rp
静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) B K=w'1U
逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography "OwVCym?
萎缩 atrophy 2'- "&d+O
移位 deformity u<cnz%@
扭曲 distortion 7M7Ir\d0lp
充盈缺损 filling defect S :}"gwFM
狭窄 stricture ARf{hiV6Wt
不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone m#8[")a$"
八、X线检查位置 pk.\IKlG]
前后位 anteroposterior projection n6WKk+
后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection m
rnPZf i
侧位 lateral projection [H<TcT8
立位 upright position ;XawEG7" U
斜位 oblique projection xR3$sA2
右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection /qIl)+M
前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection 9>9EZ?4m
前凸位 lordotic position projection ]"{8"+x
轴位 axial position p+V#86(3
头位 cranial projection W!? h2[
尾位 caudal projection ~o%igJ
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