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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 3tu:Vc.:M  
  一、肺 Lung !Un &OAy.!  
  清晰 clear ~H~iKl}|7  
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows i4s_:%+  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings w+W! dM  
  钙化灶 calcified xN CU5  
  空洞 cavitation %(YU*Tf~  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) 5R}K8"d  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density 9^<Y~rkm  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows b<E+5;u  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density .4O~a  
  圆形致密影 a round density > S c/E}3  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening _-c1" Kl  
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle +L U.QI'  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement d$qi. %<kh  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion rm?C_  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax sE zl4I  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement ] =*G[  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze 6QM$aLLP?  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density < 19A=  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) 5`\"UC7?%  
  阴影性状 shadow t/B4?A@C  
  淡的 haziness |A,<m#C  
  云雾状 clouding G<M9 6V  
  线装 streaky F_.1^XM  
  絮状 patcky >1  %|T  
  结节状 nodular AkAQ%)6qV  
  块状 massive !D |c2  
  粟粒状 miliary UZRN4tru6  
  融合状 confluent Zdy{e|-Zn  
  均匀的 homogeneous T6nc/|Ot  
  二、心脏 Heart x T1MW  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement V>(>wSR  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta e:+[} I)  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart kca#ssN  
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment b ,e"x48q  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery zK>}x=  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow uNf97*~_  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement X:mm<4  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation ^Eif~v  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart )(+q~KA}  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta p]rV\,Yss  
  心腰部 waist of heart G * =>  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart :u`gjj$:s  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film 0@wXE\s  
  结石 calculus t1ers> h  
  钙化影 calcified shadow ?t kl cYB  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern # xh M&X  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level &2r[4  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air %gu|  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination C9 j {:&  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography ,z~"Mst  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography {hoe^07XK  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign =klfCFwP  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) #xw3a<z?u  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine 45H9pY w  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon e_}tK1XY  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time SN]Na<P  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach :xk+`` T  
  充盈缺损 filling defect UAGh2?q2  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds @M6F?;  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) ?8FJMFv;4%  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap B:ugEAo_  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) : . PRM+  
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis 6Zx5^f(qd  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis @U:PXCv h  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation SPm2I(at7  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon +v/-qyA  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold 'n}]  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold %<`sDO6Q?  
  五、胆道 bile tract tAkv'.  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography VAA ="yN  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography ^%0^DN  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography _w2%!+'  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) In8{7&iVO  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct :KqSMuKR  
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily Vi>P =i  
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately Awr(}){  
  收缩功能 contractibility g_rk_4]  
  六、骨骼skeleton bXA%|7*  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone 39I|.B"  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance s> %.bAxc  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction <[$a7l i  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) Wiw~oXo  
  骨化 ossification <$ qT(3w<y  
  畸形 deformity ].sD#~L_  
  缩短 shortening (?ULp{VPFl  
  移位 displacement ev4_}!  
  脱位 luxation PXML1.r$Q  
  半脱位 subluxation XA;f.u  
  连接不正 malunion %gWQ}QF  
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture x U"g~hT  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture iP@ FXJJ  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture YT,yRV9#  
  关节间隙 joint space A~X\ dcn  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space F_I!qcEQ  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage $zF%F.rln  
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) !b&+2y2i[W  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis 3,2$Ny3N  
  死骨 sequestrum @/:7G.  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis An^)K  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint i`W~-J  
  关节强直 ankyloses A&M(a  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation 0*+EYnu+  
  对线良好 good alignment IP@3R(DS%  
  对位良好 good apposition \)6bLB!  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system t0r0{:  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) 5#s],h  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography Zu~w:uNmU  
  萎缩 atrophy 9 W|'~r  
  移位 deformity cP\z*\dS  
  扭曲 distortion z]-m<#1  
  充盈缺损 filling defect m{$}u@a  
  狭窄 stricture lpS v   
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone m*CW3y{n)  
  八、X线检查位置 KUK.;gG*Z  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection e+F $fQt>  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection 4]$OO'  
  侧位 lateral projection H1L)9oa  
  立位 upright position I/!AjB8W4  
  斜位 oblique projection G-|c%g!ejf  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection >;R`Q9s7  
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection S'W,AkT  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection =:zPT;K  
  轴位 axial position $Dx*[.M3>  
  头位 cranial projection UNwjx7usD  
  尾位 caudal projection J/E''*  
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