Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. NT9| ``^Z
The hallmarks of cancer conceptualization is a heuristic tool for distilling the vast ?R4%z2rcW
complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into a provisional set of underly- dKa2 _|k'
ing principles. As knowledge of cancer mechanisms has progressed, other facets of the disease have +/hd;s$x
emerged as potential refinements. Herein, the prospect is raised that phenotypic plasticity and dis- J_9[ x mM
rupted differentiation is a discrete hallmark capability, and that nonmutational epigenetic reprogram- 9VS i2p*
ming and polymorphic microbiomes both constitute distinctive enabling characteristics that facilitate =uR3|U(.|u
the acquisition of hallmark capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells, of varying origins, may be added 4`") a M
to the roster of functionally important cell types in the tumor microenvironment.
