图表及图表类型 GYqJ!,
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram MOLO3?H(
2、各类图表: 3M$X:$b
表格:table; NUu;tjt:
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; h,hL?imD
饼形图:piechart; irmwc'n]
线形图:linechart 或curve chart x3;jWg~'
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 `5<1EGJsD
1、“数字数据”相关 sU*3\
(1) the number of sth. gA:[3J,[;
(2) data, statistics, figures 8GW ut=D
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion .~22^k
(4) around, over, appropriately +{Gw9h"5g*
2、表达“上升” y&3T
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(1)常见词汇 2mq%|VG'
increase → (名词形式increase ) gDj_KKd
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) rr)9Y][l}
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) 4[x
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go up &
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注意以下短语数量上的区别: L77EbP`P
increase by +数字上升到... ^
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increase to +数字上升了... Kv1vx*>
reach to +数字达到... Yd.02 7
(2)其他词汇 V-:`+&S{^
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 R;.d/U|av
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 &EGY+p|2Y
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 pNBa.4z:
(3) 地道表达 I=K[SY,]9
double, triple #,)PN @P
3、表达“下降” |O%:P}6c
(1) 常见词汇 yI lV[_
decrease (名词形式decrease ) (
-xR 7A
drop (名词形式drop) R[6 r(h
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) 7<fL[2-
decline (名词形式decline ) ::0aY;D2
go down 4VC/-.At
(2)其他词汇 "h QV9 [2\
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 Q;
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plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 (K
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sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 VPdwSW[eM
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 R&]c"cO L8
4、表达“波动” B<(Pd
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) `:V}1ioX5
go up and down }7-7
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rise and fall &3jBE--
5、表达“保持平稳” |X,$?ZDap
remain stable (或 remain constant) ]Jja
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) GJ.kkTMT
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) Sb'N];
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 ?e"Wu+q~L
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable qPL^zM+
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 ]jZiW1C*a
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady ?s1u#'aO
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” M' a&
1、v. + adv. y;zt_O/
decline slowly w906aV*s
grow dramatically x%_qJ]o
fluctuate sharply JZWgr&O<
2、 adj. + n. mrK,Ql
a slow decline TS\9<L9S
a dramatic growth ERUs0na]
a sharp fluctuation pg}~vb"
a slight increase 0@II&
a significant increase %'RI3gy
3、 on a +adj.+ n |h#DL$
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: CP c"
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 9
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2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. ):/<H