目录: _P,^_%}V06
第01章 名词性从句 | A:@ &|
第02章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 /^#G0f*N
第03章 高中英语语法中的省略现象 PoShQR<
第04章 主谓一致 Gzt
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第05章 动词不定式 ~S; Z\
第06章 倒装结构 DB`QsiC )
第07章 定语从句 uH\kQ9f
第08章 被动语态 Eff\Aq{
第09章 祈使句 49 }{R/ :
第10章 感叹句 ~! + _[ uJ
第11章 疑问句 uD>z@J-v
第12章 名词 UQd6/mD`e
第一章 名词性从句 `_ (~ Ud
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在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 en9en=n|
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一． 主语从句 GVd48 *
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 }qC SS <a
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1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 $V 8vrT#:
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： ;R[&pDx
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see thefilm. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 o;J;*~g
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 6Dm+ 'y]l
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） C ?H{CP
d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） &v# `t~
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2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 PHR#>ZD
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 B.-A $/
It is a fact that … 事实是… boQ)fV"
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 L :U4N*
It is common knowledge that …是常识 ^!>.97*
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 mC(u2
It is natural that… 很自然… B!q?_[k,
It is strange that… 奇怪的是… ]Ti $ztJ
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 &|z544
It seems that… 似乎… DJ:38_ F
It happened that… 碰巧… Z>{*ISvpq
It appears that… 似乎… #1l7 FT?q
(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句 0_V*B[V
It is reported that… 据报道… {( HxG4~
It has been proved that… 已证实… y''0PSfb#
It is said that… 据说… FuMq|S
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3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： ^?Vq L\V5
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 || gEs/6-
（2）It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： QJ M(UfHUD
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school nextweek. El 1:?4;
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week issaid. Q2R-z^pd
（3）Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： )v-Cj_W5]"
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. F(G<* lA
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. 7BrV<)ih{*
（4）It doesn’t matterhow/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： bQ=s8'
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. vu>YH)N_h
错误表达：Whether he iswrong or not doesn’t matter. 6#?NL ]A
（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： d.b?! kn
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? }RDb 1~6C
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely? xLLC)~
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4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 n1JC?+
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： Cl-S=q@>V
a) What you said yesterday is right. v?%0~!
b) That she is still alive is a consolation CElPU`J,\[
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二．宾语从句 AE]i
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宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 qYDj*wqf
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1. 作动词的宾语 \kfcv
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： j a L$LJV
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 {rtM%%l
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： y`\mQ48V
a) She did not know what hadhappened. 她不知道发生了什么。
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b) I wonder whether you canchange this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。 Rd .U;>
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： \}U[}5Pk&
She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。 b1eK(F
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2. 作介词的宾语，例如： C,9)V5!tP2
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。 0>I]=M]@
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3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： xI-=t ib
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 E~r s11
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注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious,aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt,satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 lNq:JVJ#\r
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4. it 可以作为形式宾语 aW52.X z%8
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： Usa {J:
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。 E.?E~
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5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 %s ~NQ;Y
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn,celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： B"pFJ"XR
正确表达：I admire theirwinning the match. |@T5$Xg]5
错误表达：I admire thatthey won the match. @Fm{6^
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6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 5`1 (}
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order,accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如： zbF:
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正确表达：He impressedthe manager as an honest man. *F 26}q
错误表达：He impressedthe manager that he was an honest man. w>`h3;,2
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7. 否定的转移 &c v@Kihq(
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy,guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： 3p?< iVE
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 [H6X2yjj|
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三. 表语从句 jc%{a*n"vr
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look,remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason isthat… 和It is because 等结构。例如： t%]^5<+X58
1) The question is whether we can makegood preparation in such a short time. FqT,4SIR
2) This is why we can’t get the support ofthe people. pJ 2:` f<;
3) But the fact remains that we are behindthe other classes. B9m>H=8a
4) The reason he is late for school isthat he missed the early bus.
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四. 同位语从句 o+"0. B
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 h a,=LV
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1. 同位语从句的功能 " 2#-xOCO
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如： ^hl]s?"3
1)The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all thepeople. dIB KE0`
2)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. @aqd'O
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2. 同位语在句子中的位置 z'\}/k+
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： v3hQv)j)
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. M3jv aI
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3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 YP$*; l
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 oM18a R&
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：
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1) The news that he told me is that Tomwould go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） Jm) ; |#y
2)The news that Tom would go abroad istold by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） ['}^;Y ?*o
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高一英语名词性从句专项练习 eMm~7\
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1．____he does has nothingto do with me. M::IE|h
A. whatever B. No matterwhat C. That D. If _/sf@R
2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____ [K)1!KK,L
A. did the quarrel came about B.the quarrel had come about $*v 20
C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about }N#>q.M
3. Energy is ____makes thing work.. @)2V"FE4i
A. what B. something C. anything D. that 2YE]?!
4. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. !k>H e*M}P
A. while B. that C. when D. as {DXZ}7w:v
5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed. L(1,W<kYg
A. there B. in which C. where D. when "! 6 B5Oz
6. They have no idea at all____. y~A7pzBZ=
A. where he has gone B.where did he go v20I<!5w
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 4h_4jqf=pU
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die ofthe disease. s[B6%DI/5
A. that B. which C. of which D. ofthat H+#wj|,+\
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning. [A..<[
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave 55\X\>
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C. /; must leave D. when; should leave @`y?\fWh
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match. <]e;tF)+
A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether 1uge>o&
10. The question came up at themeeting_____ we had enough money for our research. k+R?JWC:
A. that B. which C. whether D. if <9@]|
11. Is _____he said really true? z Hs
A. that B. what C. why D. whether -L 'K
12.____the meeting should last two days orthree days doesn’t matter. f93X5hFnF
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where HToN+z%w3H
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair wasturning gray. 9M zkG87J
A. while B. if C. that D. for 9]F&Fz/G
14. ???_____more countries can use naturalenergy in the future remains to be seen. ?a0}^:6
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If --%2=.X=
15.____he will go to work in a mountainvillage surprises all of us. S,tVOxs^
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If Dw ;vDK
16. ____you don’t like him is none of mybusiness. Mjvso0zj
A. What B. That C. Who D. How 4"X>_Nt6
17.____all the inventions have in commonis ____they have succeeded. >(6\ C
A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what ~M^7qO
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed thefood very much. z57papo
A. What B. It C. All that D. That l/UG+7
19. It is widely ______that smoking cancause cancer. i |^`gly
A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped wG?kcfu
20. ____caused the accident is still acomplete mystery. ;_\
A. What B. That C. How D. Where Lpbn@y26<
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Keys: h16Nr x
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA <({eOh5 N
