博士生考试基础词汇汇总 VLoRS)
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. L^K,YlNBR
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay KDj/S-S
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up r~2q`l'>
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) t. DnF[
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay b1%w+* d<z
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. G3
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Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with +RnWeBXAT
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. (0rcLNk{|
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with QSwT1P'U
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game 9
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. VFm)!'=I
Way/approach/solution/answer/ {\|XuCF#
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand dTte4lh
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) I*/:rb
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to ?v'CuWS
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently ZZc^~
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind ;ZkY[5
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement K1-
RJj\L
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate)
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure ?9?o8!
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active He is very active in politics. ^x_.3E3Q
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic ISTAJ8"
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. dkSd
Y+Q
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit Zjs,R{
IWwOP{ <ZQ
accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) .'2"8
3f
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. 0/cgOP!^
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) dkg+_V!
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. Svs&?B\}{6
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample +LF=oM
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. Qb;]4
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Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns <Zh\6*3:ab
UA#=K+2
Aim His aim is to win the game. xx?0F
tuq
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination "#{b)!EH
vJW`aN1<I3
Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. j",*&sy
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up z3w;W{2Q;V
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang dtXt
Z!g2
Figure/digit/measure h^J :k
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. h5^We"}+
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon %,d+jBM
viVn
amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.
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Addup to/approximate/total/sum up ^q<E
nsY
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. 6-nf+!#G
sum/measure/quantity/price/value 3V]psZS
lB|.TCbW
angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect >.REg[P
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment t4-0mNBZt$
theory/outlook *mN8Qd
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. u5,vchZ
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown @_h=,g#@
&7c #i
anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. Ej`G(
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for z}p*";)A
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all M/}i7oS]
g;y*F;0@
Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. QwI HEmdM
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain -}Rh+n`
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. X|60W
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. hrbeTtqi
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition q4u-mM7#7
Ude)$PAe%
Hewas appointed member of the committee. 83{v_M
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor c$)!02
&|Vzo@D(!
appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg g^:7mG6C
t%Y}JKLR
apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. &s&Ha{(!w
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. HOVzpj
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove `mKK1x
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of @z(s\T
L$f:D2Ei
ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. e&=T`
Riseraise rouse arouse arise :D=y<n;S+
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up luO4ap]*
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. K_BF=C.k
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating {hKf
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Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. x% Eu.jj
ro@`S:
acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. C.{z+
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate _l](dqyuN(
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. /;rk
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Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted wqf^n-Ze
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assure I can assure you of my support. ~,P."
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise +J%9%DqF
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. m=%WA5c?
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete {!7 ^
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe i.*Utm`1"e
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. 0=Z_5.T>
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from A!j6JY.w
vFGFFA/K}N
Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. WD,iY_'7u^
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct fo30f=^Gi
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale !|gln)|A
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. []rg'9B2b
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. _e3kO6X
ground foundation 2,O;<9au<
lnoK.Vk9,
Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. ngoAFb
As soon as before the second the minute the moment
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XVKR}I
Youcan’t blame all this on me. 'rwnAr
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. 5ZkMd!$y
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn E#=slj@
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals 3+/{}rv
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team >1=sw
qa
tOK lCc
boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off KC-q]
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boom Production boomed. Dog Tj
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper p Rn vd|
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short BEkxH.
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Weare bound for London. Head make ?-P]m&nh|
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to i(XcNnn6
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction 'W/E*O6BY
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) XO*62>Ed
Theyhave called off their engagement. `4&
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. :6 ?&L
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful _-^Lr
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7ZbnG@s7
Weshould not doubt his capability. {]aB3
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency {"dU?/d
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. \Ze"Hv
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation :bxq%D%|o
jOppru5U
Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. ]urrAIK
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process [.O3z*[9#
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition t0*JinKI
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center She centered her attention on the problem. p.9VyM
Focus concentrate fix UwuDs2
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. 6vrMR&#a
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment B1]dub9
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. 4@D 8{?$~Q
flexible changeable changing LHjGlBy
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. a)'^'jm)4
Selection/preference/option/alternative tH0=ysf
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. ^lCys
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. }R#YO$J7
Stick adhere hold grasp (B@:0}>
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. l`x;Og>a
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. >'4Bq*5>
md_9bq/w
Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. f!;4-.p`
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key W-9^Ncp
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. f)x^s$H
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join \;
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark gz6BfHQG
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark UT
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate 2x-67_BHY=
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast +qsNz*@p"
Poetshave compared sleep to death. _w8iPL5:
Sheis lovely beyond compare. HE0UcP1U
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. #8P9}WTno.
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. P#5&D*`}h
Comparable/comparative zCxr]md
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should.
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Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt 1Wzm51RU
XPnN"Y"y
Hehas formed a good habit. y'ULhDgq^B
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build .[Ezg(U}ze
Assemble/manufacture/produce <igsO
Yoy}Zdu}h
Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required uY+N163i
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. B\BxF6 y
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise bd],fNgJ
#Pi}2RBRu
comprehensive/Comprehensible ,&$w*D%
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. XKqUbi
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware 86(8p_&zC
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. `* !t<?$i
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic .s7Cr0^k,|
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful Y'6GY*dL
1RC(T{\x
contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. 5N=QS1<$5
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel 'Dl31w%:
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. @?,iy?BSG
continuously vs continually Z~O1$,Z
6\4~&+;wL
convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express G?\\k[#,&
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. 8:V:^`KaSs
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with Ik_u34U
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correspond *^]Hqf(`
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. 96Kv!
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. 1^<R2x
Matter be of importance significant ~Dsz9 f
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. /5@4}m>Z@
believe depended count confide rely depend bank !3Xu#^Xxj
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. fU@{!;|Pz
Crucial urgent pressing decisive ==$>M
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Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic Aqi9@BH
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. :C%cnU;N
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break R?,O h*
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Itis not my custom to give in. B?;!j)FUtt
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature _FG?zE
&y1
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. 5.1 c#rL
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress dd $}FlT
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish Rd 4
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. e.8(t
EqZ1
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce -F&4<\=+
ups]k?4
deep They dived deep into the ocean. zOV.cI6fZz
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. xy/B<.M1
*G]zN "Y
degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent 4[\[Ho
ynWF Y<VX
deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. /hNZ7\|P
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover jB"?iC.
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. 2swHJ.d\
Demand/require/callfor epWTZV(1x
ZS@ Gt
deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. W,\LdQ
refuse decline rejects turn down Qxw?D4/Y
y;M}I8W[
die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. f{m,?[1C,
Thestorms are dying down. :n@j"-HA
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. =vqy5y
Themembers of the family had all died off. @W{VT7w
Thisspecies has died out. ?1+JBl~/d
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Canyou describe what he looks like? \]@XY_21
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell (JgW")M`cY
"kYzgi
Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. ZQ&A'(tt4
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious 1$Jria5n
m!Iax]D{
Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. RB\0o,mw4
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous Ezvm5~<
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. ] bPj%sb*@
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ u$3wdZ2&m
throwaway/cast off/get rid of $p(,Qz(.8
yB>5p]$P
display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. QNGICG-
Herwritings display natural talents. YY&3M
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present +IRr&J*P
Z#2AK63/T
distinct Mice are distinct form rats. SkmL X@:(
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar `|["{j}^
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. B@:11,.7
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct v7V.,^6+
(Wj2%*NT
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. yNVmTb9mF
distinguish tell separate divide j:J
M v
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. QGWfF,q
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized AK#`&)0i
/prominent/important/superior DgJG: D{
$Iu N(#
Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. !uC`7a
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold 3#IU^6l:1S
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive Ar+<n 2;[
,%|$#
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. 1j_
x51p
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray +
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. U?MKZL7
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull oic}Go
draw pull drag push heave lift haul hhS]wM?B
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing 8?n6\cF
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Shedrove her car into the forest. pB3dx#l
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride "S">#.L
HuX{8nl a
Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage `=]I-5#.W
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop 9Q!X~L|\S
jY]hMQ/H
Theshoes are expensive but durable. 8a\
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Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong B!Ss
35<
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Itis your duty to go. yM3]<~m
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role =4;GIi
F@
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort u}Q@u!~e9
V9v80e {n4
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable n9J.]+@J
=Vgj=19X(
Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. }y-b<J?H
economic/economical/economy |JpLMUG
k$V.hG|6M
Hewent to a very good elementary school. /<(d.6T[}:
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive
e3+'m
+^St"GWY
Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. pGZI697
Theacid has no effect on the metal. Bn7~ p+N
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. it2@hZc5
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. -U6" Ce
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. QyJ2P{z
effect force power practice axTvA(k9
&
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. a@&^t( 1
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire r^uo7?gZ^
u`l1
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. *$ZLu jy7
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. \W<r`t4v
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. mdu5aL
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end.
C0\A
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. P^-
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Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. m6P!#=a:l<
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. Pv.z~~lY
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. 90%alG1>y
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. 3|/<Pk
N?d4Pu1m
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. anj*a<C<
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower e[t+pnRh
\JBJ$lBL
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. ,:!X]F#d$
equip provide neGCMKtzlJ
}.<%46_Z-
Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive sa%2,e'
m:77pE&o
Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. ;C8'7
exert practice exercise impose avail \2!v~&S
vb{+yEa
Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. i[b?W$]7
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent v%|()Z0
4'pg>
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come c43"o
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Devotionis essential for work. h<oQ9zW)
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable `jR;Rcz
C
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent YX+Da"\
.^^YS$%%7
Nothingis everlasting.
W! FmC$Kc
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood euHX7
FAAqdK0
Thebird extended its wings in flight. I(r ^q"
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify T!o
4k
rm*Jo|eH`
Hernose is a very attractive feature. Z3=DM=V;v
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark .IYE+XzV
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? 0(VQwGC[
Inthe favor $l}MB7
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous fSdv%$;Hc
IMzhEm
Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. (
q^umw
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot )+[IR
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. VmrW\rH@
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. FA\gz?h
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. 9I/o;Js
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders KLlo^1.<
Y'kD_T`f,
There are fine distinctions between thetwo. :NHh`@0F
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant VF=$'Bl|
5I5~GH
Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. ?lCKZm.,(-
Understand comprehend catch on get d;\x 'h2
2a2C z'G
Hegave a gift for my birthday. 5n
zkZw
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout `bO+3Y'5
/handout/turn in ]c8lZO>
ciI;U/V
Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. DGdSu6s$
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent J\XYUs
98bmia&H
Theygrouped together in fours. D52ELr7
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate m6Q lIdl
6w<jg/5t
Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter E
N%cjvE
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across HgE^#qD?
Hernew film is quite a hit. success *nU7v3D
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect QNzI
?AX./LI
hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. RvvK`}/6
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. &
H;0
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Shealways holds to her convictions. rC}r99Pe:x
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. +j&4[;8P:
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. #A@*k}/+
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. LHKawEZ
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up M?x/C2|
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as mu04TPj
"zJ1vIZY
Ifonly I were rich! Y~hBVz2g
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. p ElF,Y
l_FttN
Immoralvs amoral Ly/"da
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. a,x-akZWf
h)7{Cj
Itwas he that initiated this project. fB|rW~!v
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice r ,D
T>
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. ?<bByxa
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) 8-3]Bm!
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Weare in for trouble. C:xgM'~+
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