2011年医学考博英语词汇讲义
948 lL&
主讲:翁华
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开场介绍
学词汇需注意的事项
1
、难度系数不好界定 cz{5-;$9Z 2
、考博要求有较大的词汇量 1I^uq>r 3
、可以参考的单词书籍:《如鱼得水背单词》 -n>JlfCd2 4
、借助真题背单词 q8Z,XfF^S 5
、背单词的核心方法:词根、词缀 q3SYlL'a QO fqW@g 题型的分类
词形相近类 \os iY^ 例如: e
[}m@a A .commerce, B. commence, C. comment, D. commend
&a/F"?9jL S8S<>W commerce
商业 o(q][:,h comment
评论 ^y1P~4w? commend
赞美 cW|M4` -nsI5\] 例如:并发症 [WAnII A .compensation B. complication C .contamination D. contemplation
L)mb.U$`c| c^%vyBMY complication
并发症 h
U]Gv)B compensation
补偿或弥补(经济学) qad`muAd contamination
污染(放射性、化学性) AVR=\ qR contemplation
冥思苦想 /8s+eHn&% ~A X@o-WU 例如: W/?\ 8AE A. emit B. emerge C. submit D. submerge
kZfUwF:yN {,Py%.vvR emit
发射、发送 LY? `+/ emerge
突然出现 MU-T>S4
submerge
沉入、下沉 .dr-I7&! submit
提交、递交、屈服、让步 GQR|t?:t 2rG;j52))a 四选项有三项为近义词类 u\uY q 例如: 4|EV`t}EV A. fresh B. evident C. obvious D. apparent
q\xT 同一场景类
AD=qB5: 例如: $v#\bqY A. parole B. penalty C. prosecute D. charge
MD62ObK! B7R*g,( parole
假释、保释 Js706 penalty
死刑或严重的惩罚 6(9S'~*'R prosecute
(for
)= charge
(with
) 控告 C@$!'^ 61 固定搭配类 ,Zs"r}G^ #K[UqJ+x 例句: UmC_C[/n? (1) Look, look, who is coming back? Theapple of my eye.
`RriVYc< (2)Speaker A: Hey, Marry, how have youbeen lately? I haven
’t heard from
n!Dy-)!`O you for ten years.I heard that you still did the same job as ten
U11bQ4ak years ago. Whathappened to you?
9|}u"jJB%E Speaker B: While, you know, I likewhat I am now. I am not the kind of
4J"S?HsW| person who wants topolish my boss' apple to get ahead
。 wk'12r6=(- 第一部分 基础练习
Unit 1
1.
The day was breaking and people began togo to work so the murderer was unable to ______ of the body. Ns*&;x9 A.
dispense B.
dispose C.
discard D.
discharge Ew9\Y R} 2.
Can you imagine! He offered me 5000 to break my contract.That′s ______ . Of course I didn′t agree. I would take legal action. x?*) A.
fraud B.
blackmail C.
bribery D.
compensation m,TN%*U! 3.
Her remarks ______ a complete disregardfor human rights. 63EwV p/| A.
magnified B.
maintained C.
manipulated D.
manifested J2ryYdo> 4.
The unfortunate death of the genius poetcaused ______ loss to this country. h:J0d~u A.
priceless B.
countless C.
incalculable D.
imaginable oQ=v:P] 5.
Before the disastrous earthquake therewas ______ chaos. `ecIy_O3P& A.
massive B.
ominous C.
suspending D.
imminent t04_~e 6.
On behalf of my company, I am ______ toyou and your colleagues for your generous help. p;P"mp\' A.
subjected B.
inclined C.
available D.
obliged 5Wyo!pRi 7.
The appearance of the used car is ______, it's much newer than it really is. 2Gw2k8g& A.
descriptive B.
indicative C.
deceptive D.
impressive -{^I T` 8.
His office is ______ to the President′s;it usually takes him about three minutes to get there. |6ZH+6[ A.
related B.
adhesive C.
adherent D.
adjacent WFYbmfmV 9.
The none of students in the class likesthe mistress, who is used to being ______ of everything they do. [i&EUvo A.
emotional B.
optimistic C.
interested D.
critical d;<
gwCc 10.
I didn′t know it then, but this disruptiveway of reading started with the very first novel I ever picked up. a&?SRC'x A.
harmful B.
persistent C.
interruptive D.
characteristic mHiV};$ 11.
The problem is that the loss ofconfidence among the soldiers can be highly contagious. Q|gRBu A.
spreading B.
contemptible C.
contented D.
depressing \Y4>_Mk 12.
The sales manager was so adamantabout her idea that it was out of the question for any one to talk her out ofit. b!
h*I>` A.
adaptable B.
anxious C.
firm D.
talkative 323zR*\m 13.
Other non-dominant males were hyperactive;they were much more active than is normal, chasing others and fighting eachother. _~{Nco7T A.
hardly active B.
relativelyactive C.
extremely inactive D.
pathologicallyactive nz?jN
dyz 14.
While he was not dumber than an ox, hewas not any smarter; so most of his classmates were lenient and helpedhim along.
MHm=
X8eg A.
helpful B.
merciful C.
enthusiastic D.
intelligent r&MHww1i 15.
Before the construction of the road, itwas prohibitively expensive to transport any furs or fruits across themountains. S~ff<A>f A.
determinedly B.
incredibly C.
amazingly D.
forbiddingly 74h[YyVi 16.
At dusk, Mr. Hightower would sit in hisold armchair in the backyard and wistfully lose in reminiscence of hisyouth romances.
C,;hNg[ A.
hopefully B.
reflectively C.
sympathetically D.
irresistibly _`H2CXGg 17.
The prodigal son spent his money extravagantlyand soon after he left home he was reduced to a beggar. vLc7RL A.
lavishly B.
economically C.
thriftily D.
extrovertly sM4Qu./ 18.
The chimney vomited a cloud ofsmoke. sp2"c"_+ A.
ignited B.
immersed C.
emitted D.
hugged YV6@SXy 19.
The rear section of the brain doesnot contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual oremotional faculties. 8@}R_GZc A.
advanced B.
growing C.
front D.
back Zgw;AY.R> s y ]k 医学词汇
zebra 斑马
1feZ`P; doze 打盹
zE~{}\J yearling 一岁家畜
M<A jtDF%
duckling 小鸭子
pq3W.7z;b yield屈服
,生产
,vxxp]#5 unyielding 不屈不挠的
#dvH0LX? eggshell 蛋壳
o!\Q, eggwhite 蛋清
HFtl4P yolk 蛋黄
{c7ZA%T~R yeast 酵母
,发酵粉
<~%e{F:[# x=acec uc oc icien 生产,制造,做
z
?3G` defect 毛病,缺陷
-w[j`}([P9 sunsea seed earth _7)>/YK?}4 sense理智
q{fgsc8v\ sensibility 情感
Xscm>.di constitute 组成,构成
gB&8TE~Y constitution宪法
#:~MtV
prostitute妓女,糟蹋
p)dD{+"/2 destitute 困穷的
\$g,Hgp/< semen 精子
)\k({S insemination 受精
Ojh\H dissemination 传播
H}nPaw]G sol 唯一的
$N}nO:`t solo独奏,独唱
o'Uaz*-po insulin胰岛素
3pV^Oe^9 Q^B !^_M 第二部分 历年真题
全国医学博士英语统一考试2000年试题
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (15 %)
Section A
;$VQRXq Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, markedA, B, C, and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
".Z1CBM( 1.Thisenvironment can also affect a person's mental and ______ health.
A.conventional B.personal C.physical D.impersonal
2.This is ablanket term that covers a wide range of oral activities that have an elementof ______.
A.sensitivity B.simplicity C.creativity D.possibility
3.Except formother's milk, no drink boasts a more ______ reputation for youngsters thanfruit juice.
A.worthwhile B.wholesome C.explicit D.nutritious
4.Whicheverapproach is adopted, each student will require material and ______ which is athis level.
A.presentation B.constituent C.compound D.allocation
5.If the cellscannot use sugar, the body begins to ______ its own tissues for food.
A.breakthrough B.break down C.break out D.break over
6.He had alwayshad a good opinion of himself, but after the publication of his best-sellingnovel he became unbearably ______.
A.cordial B.proud C.conceited D.exaggerated
7.The braincenters that process numbers seem to be different for exact and ______calculations.
A.adequate B.apparent C.approximate D.objective
8.He felt thepain again when the effect of the drug ______.
A.wore on B.wore down C.wore out D.wore off
9.If you are amember of the League you must ______ to its rules.
A.approach B.conform C.respond D.abide
10.He may givethe impression of being severe, but he is quite a kind person ______.
A.fromheart B.at heart C.of heart D.by heart
11.At the sametime, the commercial value of English tuition as a ______ has initiatedcompetition for more effective methods and materials.
A.commodity B.morality C.diversity D.reality
12.An immediatesearch over 1,000 square miles of sea failed to ______ single piece ofwreckage.
A.turn up B.turn down C.turn over D.turn round
13.Should theybe included in our list of problems requiring special techniques and ______?
A.character B.therapies C.expertise D.specification
14.The method ______further investigation.
A.merits B.constitutes C.accomplishes D.appeals
15.They abolishor closely control the legislature, and quickly ______ freedom of speech,assembly, and the press.
A.suspend B.supervise C.sustain D.suppress
Section B
Directions: Each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four other words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choosethe word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentenceif it were substituted for the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
16.The pain wassevere at the beginning, but it soon ended.
A.passedaway B.died off C.took away D.died down
17.You can not burdenyour memory with too much information.
A.retain B.load C.retrieve D.associate
18.The insurancecompany estimates his assets at over three million dollars.
A.accessories B.finances C.accommodations D.returns
19.Experts cautionthat no matter which method patients choose, they may need to wear eye glassesagain one day-at least for reading.
A.advise B.conclude C.warn D.claim
20.We also have courageand determination to build paradise or at least try.
A.guts B.desire C.confidence D.zeal
21.The queerwoman kept over one hundred cats in her house.
A.odd B.energetic C.generous D.subtle
22.Peering into the crowd, Luanno saw Robin walking slowly toward his father,his head tiled to one side.
A.Lookingcasually B.Looking closely
C.Looking unintentionally D.Looking cautiously
23.Thesetechniques were applied over the centuries.
A.employed B.explored C.manipulated D.innovated
24.The policemenwere assaulted by a shower of stones.
A.astounded B.attacked C.retreated D.scattered
25.He made acareer of imitating famous people for night club audiences.
A.bringingout B.taking off
C.makingout D.getting at
26.The arbitrarydecision of the factory owners caused anger among the workers.
A.orbital B.optional C.assertive D.disappointed
27.The strong,light-weight bamboo makes an excellent reinforcement for concrete.
A.replacement B.enforcement
C.substitute D.strengthening
28.If a clientinsists upon being stubborn, lawyers have to settle claims in court.
A.obstinate B.indignant C.obsessive D.furious
29.Theconclusion seems irresistible: that no wall of separation betweenreligious affirmations.
A.inevitable B.unbelievable
C.reasonable D.unconquerable
30.Babies needto be held and soothed when they are disturbed or hurt.
A.smoothed B.calmed C.touched D.cared
全国医学博士英语统一考试2001年试题
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(15 %)
Section A
5>S<9A|Q Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
=vpXYj 1
.we are all overwhelmed with morefacts and information than we can possibly ______
[}GPo0GY A
.feed B
.maintain C
.absorb D
.consume
q2pq~LI 2
.pleasure, or joy, is vital to ______health.
zL%ruWNG A
.optimistic B
.optional C
.optimal D
.operational
pZ IDGy=~ 3
.A ______ effort is required toachieve health.
68!W~%?pR A
.committed B
.restricted C
.composed D
.sophisticated
mZ[tB/ y|+n77[Gv v
J_1VW 4
.A person's belief ______ and colorshis experience.
FxkxV GZ" A
.contradicts B
.shapes C
.summarizes D
.exchanges
d:_3V rRZ 5
.Many professors encourage studentsto question and ______ their ideas
]y**ZFA A
.convey B
.voice C
.challenge D
.conform
;7HL/- 6
.You are healthy when are ______your outer and inner environments.
>$g+Gx\v4 A
.in relation to B
.with regard to
pO10L`| C
.in contrast with D
.in harmony with
pSPVY2qKX 7
.Good health is a spirited ______ ofenergy ,smooth skin, strong, supple limbs, and a positive joy in life.
88}=VS A
.texture B
.mix C
.burst D
.peak
u> @Yoyc 8
.The ______ of emotional andpsychiatric disorders that can prompt person to seek therapy is wide.
$3BH82 A
.formula B
.coverage C
.interval D
.spectrum
1Fs:&* = 9
.Work is a ______ of satisfaction.
iVQ)hsW/ A
.measure B
.terminal C
.source D
.resource
`El)uTnuZ[ 10
.If you ______ a heart-attack orstroke victim who needs your assistance, your first response should be to staycalm and urge bystanders to call for an ambulance.
!e0OGf A
.find out B
.go into C
.pass by D
.come across
kgQyG[u 11
.Today people still don't makehealth a(n) ______ because they have no time.
^(:Z*+X~> A
.privilege B
.issue C
.principle D
.priority
;r1.Uz( 12
.Mental exercise can favorably ______the structure of the brain just as physical exercise can change one's bodilyproportions.
`:4bg1u A
.modify B
.adjust C
.develop D
.contrast
u~-,kF@ 13
.The distinctions between thedifferent schools and approaches are often very ______
_]/&NSk A
.subtle B
.sufficient C
.superficial. D
.superior
x$WdW+glZ- 14
.Despite the limitations of astandard CT, it does a ______ job of picture the internal anatomy of the body.
.zM M!l3
A
.supreme B
.superb C
.sufficient D
.superfluous
% njcWVP; 15
.The city government is getting itsresidents to properly ______ their garbage.
b- FJMY A
.break up B
.dispose of C
.check out D
.hand out
{-'S#04 Wok
Q
X" Part B
ZBf9Upg
Directions:Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are fourother words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase thatwould best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted forthe underlined part. Mark your answer of the ANSWER SHEET.
>.}ewz&9o 16
.The recent
deterioration inthe economy is of great concern to the government.
NW*qw q A
.depression B
.deficiency C
.degeneration D
.deformity
Cjn)`Q8 17
.A substantial hike in the top rateof income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nation'salready
waning support.
I,Z'ed.. A
.depreciating B
.warning C
.declining D
.startlingl
f[;l7 18
.He was not
conspicuouslyhairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully inkeeping with his age.
>RL|W}tI4 A
.prominently. B
.warily C
.consciously D
.conventionally
e|~s'{3 19
.The water company is obliged tomaintain a supply of
wholesome water
{W5D) A
.available B
.hydraulic. C
.balanced D
.hygienic.
Ou'<9m!9 20
.Smoking makes one six times morelikely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly
assaultsthe tissues that line the mouth and throat.
50Kv4a" A
.detects B
.contaminates C
.occupies D
.attacks
tc%0yr9 21
.Most organisms must
fit in withtheir surroundings because their skills to alter their environment arerestricted and highly specialized.
aDreN*n A
.attach themselves to B
.succumb to
Pqc+p E C
.lean on D
.adapt themselves to
H>/LC* 8- 22
.Instead of being recycled, garbageis left to accumulate in
insanitary heaps which attract flies and spreadinfectious diseases.
R2%>y5dD A
.innocuous B
.gathering C
.filthy D
.inflammable.
zV<vwIUrr 23
.The prevalence of highlyintelligent devices has eliminated the
handicaps associated with mostdisabilities
C $r]]MSj A
.disadvantages B
.dispositions C
.disappointment D
.discomforts
1M
F0HiC 24
.In general, lasers operate bycreating an intense amount of light and energy which is then
convertedinto heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue.
|x ~<Dc>0* A
.developed B
.reduced C
.transformed D
.decoded
/t<C_lLM 25
.Shyness, the most common form ofsocial anxiety, occurs when a person's apprehensions are so great that they
inhibithis making an expected or desired social response.
z#|#Cq`VG A
.discharge B
.trigger C
.restrain D
.defer
,aLdW,<6 26
.The secret to turning a dailystroll into a meaningful form of exercise is to
pick up the pace.
>aaHN1Ca A
.dilate B
.multiply C
.accelerate D
.enlarge
+#/`4EnI 27
.How many people know that the term “arthritis”may refer to dozens of defferent types of joint
involvement?
DwLl}{r' A
.disorder B
.knuckle C
.dislocation D
.therapy
nYF *f 28
.Amokers are more
prone toosteoporosis, a major cause of fractures in old people, particularly post-menopausewomen.
FKN!*}3 A
.reliable B
.liable C
.reasonable D
.compatible
5Tt%<#4 29
.The project was
hampered bya constant stream of visitors.
R
Wd#)3 A
.held up B
.cut off C
.carried out D
.given up
?[ts<Ltp 30
.During the summer
sessionthere will be a revised schedule of services for the university community.
> 10pk A
.term B
.climate C
.heat D
.portion
7rdPA9 9u->.O: p 全国医学博士英语统一考试2002年试题
Section A
f4k\hUA Directions: Inthis section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, marked A,B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
tl uyx 31
.An enormous number of people in theworld's poorest countries do not have clean water or adequate sanitation ______
iQI
$Y]Y7 A
.capacities B
.facilities C
.authorities D
.warranties
w ?+v+k\ 32
.Family-planing clinics give out ______advices to people who have decided to limit the size of their families.
]q2g[D o5 A
.. insensitive B
.interrogative C
.contraceptive D
.communicative
mOUIGlv 33
.Caffeine is the ______ drug thatwill just about get you out of the door on time to catch the bus.
PI~W6a7p A
.miracle B
.myth C
.trick D
.legend
H(1(H0Kj" 34
.Today investigators are still farfrom ______ a master map of the vasculature of the heart.
``:AF: A
.constituting B
.decoding C
.drafting D
.encoding
_Q:739& 35
.I have never seen a more caring, ______group of piople in my life.
77Fpb?0` A
.emotional B
.impersonal C
.compulsory D
.compassionate
<Rl:=(]i~ 36
.By the time I reached my residency,I ______ treated the patient as a whole human being.
A-"}aCmik A
.yearned for B
.broke into C
.pass for D
.made for.
2|1s !Q 37
.We now obtain more than two-thirdsprotein from animal resources, while our grandparents ______ only one-half fromanimal resources.
&y}nd
7o
A
.originated B
.digested C
.deprived D
.derived
_uR-Z_z 38
.Obesity carries an increased riskof ______.
-%U 15W; A
.mortality B
.mobility C
.longevity D
.maternity
l[2 d{r 39
.The best exercise should requirecontinuous ______, rather than frequent stops and starts.
1Ugyjjlz A
.compassion B
.acceleration C
.frustration D
.exertion
WG{mg/\2(C 40
.Environmental officials insist thatsomething be done to ______ acid rain.
9 pGND]tIi A
.curb B
.sue C
.detoxify D
.condemn
.=VtMi$n Section B
A-GRuC Directions:In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose theone word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence ifit is substituted for the underlined part. Then mark the letter of your choiceon the ANSWER SHEET.
M=n_;3,o 41
.It would be wildly optimistic tobelieve that these advances
offset such a large reduction in farmland.
J#0oL_xY# A
.take in B
.make up C
.cut down D
.bring about
,=9e]pQ 42
.To begin with, it is impossible to
comeup with a satisfactory definition of what constitutes happy and unhappymarriage.
|vZ\tQ
A
.explain B
.oppose C
.represent D
.propose
Z(S=2r. 43
.Politicians often use emotionalrather than
rational arguments to win the support for their actions andideas.
y1JxAj #nE%.k|R~ A
.applicable B
.favorable C
.sensitive D
.reasonable
0`KB|=> 44
.Tests are one way for a teacher to
assesshow much a student has learned.
U#O6l-xe] A
.observe B
.appraise C
.appreciate D
.induce
5dVSir 45
.Through live television, the worldis now able to
witness historical events as they happen.
u7=jtB A
.reserve B
.confirm C
.perceive D
.transmit
:%dIX}F 46
.Most experts say that the new taxplan will have a
negligible effect on the country's economic problems.
W |
]24 A
.indefinite B
.indispensable C
.infinite D
.insignificant
-$(,&qyk 47
.I don't know how you could have
leftout the most important fact of all.
sOJH$G3O A
.omitted B
.fabricated C
.pinpointed D
.embraced
C
jzfU*G 48
.Family and cultural beliefs and
normsare important predictors of health-seeking behavior.
3dnL\AqC A
.formulations B
.standards C
.principles. D
.notions
wl{Fx+<^3 49
.There must be a systematic approachto
retrieving notes and analyzing them.
}mjJglK!N A
.regain B
.relieving C
.reversing D
.rectifying
.wrNRU7s 50
.To study the distribution ofdisease within an area, it is useful to
plot the case on a map.
X51 7PT8O A
.mark B
.allocate C
.erase D
.pose
lD!o4ZAo 2&E1)
^ 全国医学博士英语统一考试2003年试题
Part ⅡVocabulary(10%)
fCSM#3|,] Section A
"hU'o& Directions: Inthis section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, marked A,B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
}
N_9&I 31
.Sometimes you can get quite ______when you are trying to communicate with someone in English.
+igFIoHTM A
.frustrated B
.depressed C
.approved D
.distracted
>Au]S` 32
.The company has ______ itself to apolicy of equal opportunity for all.
4-`C !q A
.promised B
.committed C
.attributed D
.converted
h:[PO6GdX 33
.I haven't met anyone ______ the newtax plan.
Yn,dM~|Cc A
.in honor of B
.in search of C
.in place of D
.in favor of
+]Oq{v:e 34
.Salk won ______ as the scientistwho developed the world's first effective vaccine against polio.
rN)T xH&*p A
.accomplishment B
.qualification
LSQ2pB2V C
.eminence D
.patent
,TD@s$2x 35
.This software can be ______ to theneeds of each customer.
tvptawA. A
.tailored B
.administrated C
.entailed D
.accustomed
+XU*NAD,! 36
.The average commercial business canshut down in such an emergemcy but a hospital doesn't dare, for lives are ______
vJ$#m_aa A
.in circulation B
.under consideration C
.on hand D
.at stake
Cw]Q)rX{ 37
.As we need plain, ______ food forthe body, so we must have serious reading for the mind.
;JpU4W2/ A
.wholesome B
.diet C
.tasteful D
.edible
8#S|jBV 38
.He never gave much thought to the additionalkilorams he had ______ lately.
B`a5%asJn A
.shown up B
.piled up C
.put on D
.taken on
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