考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 &fcRVku
;AaF ;zPV
开头万能公式: VC@o]t5
ZO,]h9?4
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 rr*IIG&.5
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! B?]^}r
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? #KIHq2:
.4
经典句型: q&vr;fB2
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) ]T$~a8
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. r`=d4dK-
(适用于自编名言) J-U}iU|
更多经典句型: <rU(zm
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… xN5}y3
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 6,!]x>B
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 k?_Miqr
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: W<~(ieu:K~
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college 7y:J@fh<
students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
hp)3@&T
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: %zWtPxAf
Honesty U5" C"+
3
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 A;h~Fx6s
Travel by Bike f@Db._E
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 +YP,LDJ!v
Youth ,<%],-Lt[
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 IXg0g<JZ
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? sI#K01;"
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 75%!R
更多句型: 2nk}'HBe
A recent statistics shows that … |06G)r&
H$Q_K<V
结尾万能公式: Tf` ~=fg%
U
L(#B TK
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 XBCz\f
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: 6:@tHUm
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good {~ VgXkjsC
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. aabnlOVw
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! H>k=V<
更多过渡短语: 't2"CPZ
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus YaDr6)
更多句型: LC2t,!RRl&
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… cW%F%:b
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 &?v^
xAr?B
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! :(N3s9:vz
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve }"E?#&^
the problem. ?tSFM:9PU
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? S!0<aFh
更多句型: fMy7pXa_
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. n'K,*
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be zvL;.U
taken. vg5i+ry<
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 =bi:<%"
D<$,v(-
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: \GO^2&g(
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is eF823cH2x_
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to /PafIq
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite [Abq("9p\
similar. b3N1SC:Wn
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! ?); 6]"k:3
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 |3<tDq@+
主 题 句原则 O~?H\2S
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! z~\a]MB
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! XHKiz2Pc1
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully Wn6~x2 LaV
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, jM]B\cvN
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 iI\bD
一 二 三原则
ieo Naq
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… X67^@~l
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 x8x8T$
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) E}6q;"[
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) Qf|x]x*5
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) %EV\nwn6
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ^F\RM4|,
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) m03D+@F
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) -7-r~zmr
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) y#tuwzE
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) VgGMlDl
8)most important of all, moreover, finally ^V6cx2M
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 4gD;X NrV
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) }OZut!
_
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 m{#?fR=9
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: 2-G6I92d
I cannot bear it. yBKEw(1
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. U)v){g3w)
I want it. ;@ <E
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. ~t=73fwB
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 0+3_CS++r
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, 5z/*/F=X
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital :<}1as!eo
之类的形象词。再比如: K%jh6c8
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room v79k{<Ln
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room \|@u)n_
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room VsU*yG a
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room |7CFm
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room tRZA`&
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 1ze\ U>
1)加法(串联) WY& [%r
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, *`]#ntz9
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: <sncW>?!~
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. [`n)2}
k
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ?9Hs,J
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. k>.n[`>$6|
其它的短语可以用: -dyN
Ah?=
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover "?HDv WP=w
2)转折(拐弯抹角) OD8{
/7
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
/^pPT6
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. 4:0y\M5u
The coat was thin, but it was warm. dX;Q\
]"
更多的短语: 0!tw)HR%
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, yx\I&\i
despite, notwithstanding
Q!ReA{
3)因果(so, so, so) ;oM7H*WC
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! (:r80:
The snow began to fall, so we went home. ym*oCfu=
更多短语: i XPe
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a CzfGb4
result, for this reason, so that J/xbMMb
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) 0[In5I I
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 > }fw7 X
举例:This is what I can do. J ?^R1
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. ~cH3RFV
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: c]PG5f xf
When to go, Why he goes away… E(-@F%Q
5)附加(多此一举) ! _p(H
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 FNR<=M
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. ?2n
F1>1
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. ^-2|T__
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. %DhM }f
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom 9D[Jn}E:
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 o"j$*o=
6)排比(排山倒海句) ><wYk)0E
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! AU4K$hC^
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated T)o>U&KNP
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. ),(HCzK`
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such 6olJ7`*
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean 2(i|n=
tides. YR-Ge
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, :r4o:@N'
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) iHKX#*
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 *2>k
ic
aH
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! Vrn+"2pdJ
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: B'&QLO|
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb ?/q\S
the Western Hills. jSMxb a]
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about xi[\2g+
three times that of China. 2rx
z<ck(
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! ;6M [d
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 Qs,4PPEg
<DZ$"t
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! M(?0c}z
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted G@zJf
)u}
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as ]j0/.pG
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. k~*%Z!V}C
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will MdDL?ev
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the nJ}@9v F/
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. Y @Ur}
更多句型: Wv||9[Rd
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, E>iN >
for example二、做比较 AsI\#wL)
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; K /$-H#;N
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through bXSAZWf
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: uUb`Fy9
相似的比较: )|/%]@` N
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
Iz[ohn!f
相反的比较: d(yTz&u)
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, @nAl*#M*D
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, X'U~g$"(+
…三、换言之 v[r8-0c
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 ]GO=8$Z
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! g^^pPVK_
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. 4xH/a1&p=
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love 5+Ao.3Xn
with you. hI9q);g
或者上面我们举过的例子: +I?k8',pi
I cannot bear it. Au6Y]
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. Mo5b
@
[
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with Z&79: 9=#>
it or I am fed up with it. skBD2V4
更多短语: j
wUX?`6jX
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more KK6n"&TVa
simply