博士生考试基础词汇汇总 -AnJLFY
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. T72Li"00
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay -)J*(7F(6^
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up k&yBB%g
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) ++2a xRl
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay '\H
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. 1
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Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. zV$Z@o
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with &}gH!5L m
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game un6W|{4]
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. F[ ^ p~u{
Way/approach/solution/answer/ ;rJ#>7K
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand @zR_[s
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) N}bZdE9F
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to w4y???90)
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently c1%ki%J#
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind G* mLb1
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement K<l
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Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) aj+I+r"~
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure 1p>&j%dk
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active He is very active in politics. AK;G_L
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic wd:SBU~f5*
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. `Oi6o[a
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit a67NWH
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) Vzrp9&loY
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. U}`HN*Q.q
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) ErMA$UkJ
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs.
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enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample QXT*O
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. b!|c:mE9|
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns oxm3R8S
B8G1
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Aim His aim is to win the game. szb],)|18
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination {Uu|NA87Cd
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. #PRkqg+|
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up '.DFyHsq
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang PM%Gsy]q
Figure/digit/measure "(d7:!%
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. /v:+
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Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon Hlq#X:DCn
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. rt\4We,7
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up Ik4U+'z6
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. 'e>0*hF[
sum/measure/quantity/price/value wg=ge]E5
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect uN1O(s
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment @
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theory/outlook /_P5UE(
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. 0)'^vJe
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown QuJ)WaJkC
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. tQ:)j^\
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for 8I'c83w
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all h+!Ld^'c
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. .ns1;8
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain r-+ .Ax4L"
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. k!K}<sX2
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. "Fu*F/KW
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition '
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. ?1Lzbou
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor Tt.wY=,K
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg jX79N
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. mVN^X/L(y
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. @54D<Lj
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove Rw\
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like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of 6u`E{$
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. /AX1LYlr
Riseraise rouse arouse arise <)L'h
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up q[#2`
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation.
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating h[M
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Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. pJ7M.C!
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. =^m,|j|d>4
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate !%<bLD8
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. g/&`NlD
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted 3VZeUOxY\W
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assure I can assure you of my support. hce *G@b
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise ,"~#s(
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. C
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Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete >6ul\xMU
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe <u2rb6
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. 9~ 8 A>
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from C'mYR3?m;
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. Uf#.b2]
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct ))Ws{
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale }}Gz3>?24=
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. K?[*9Q'\
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. 9aYDi)
ground foundation +DM
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. i[obQx S94
As soon as before the second the minute the moment ^fVLM>p <;
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. TEC'}%
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. |3\$\qa
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn ^+Ho#]
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals 6- H81y3
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team a xT-
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off P} =eR
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boom Production boomed. @o&.]FZs
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper 1eG@?~G
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short = ~{n-rMF
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Weare bound for London. Head make F$ a?} }
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to 2q2;Uo`"S.
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction 1S!<D)n
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) ZSL:q%:.
Theyhave called off their engagement. cp|&&q
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. ~z''kH=e
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful F12tOSfu*
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Weshould not doubt his capability. UloZo?
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Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency oYWcX9R
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. #UN(R
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation t
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. QiU!;!s
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process QC:/xP
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition &JoMrcEZ
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center She centered her attention on the problem. Is6<3eQ\x
Focus concentrate fix K7&A^$`
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. Y=3:Q%X
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment SU, t,i
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. 0D1yG(ck
flexible changeable changing aE^tc'h~
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. P=&J e?
Selection/preference/option/alternative =+gp~RR,
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. sY,!Ir`/`
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. pj,.RcH@o
Stick adhere hold grasp tkdhT8_
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. h
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Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. "fLGXbNQ
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. [Dq7mqr$
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key 1Qf21oN{
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. U-TwrX
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join UQ>GAzh
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark !mL,Ue3/
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark `<t{NJ&f
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate y{ 90A
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast NpD}7t<EF
Poetshave compared sleep to death. *NV`6?o@6
Sheis lovely beyond compare. #
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. <-Q0WP_^
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. QAi(uL5
Comparable/comparative qx{.`AaZW
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. -7ct+3"J
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt QC <(rx
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Hehas formed a good habit. B<1*p,z
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build ~J<bwF
Assemble/manufacture/produce ejo4mQ]a
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required JIb<>X,
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. #j-,#P@
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise bwVv#Z\r
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comprehensive/Comprehensible +ZRsa`'^
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. y^@%Xrs
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware Qlb@A z
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. 1xguG7
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic 3]N}k|lb%
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful +ypG<VBx%
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. yFpHRfF}
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel ZC2C`S\xr
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. 22BJOh
continuously vs continually +W;B8^imG
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express awkVjyq X
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. +XpRkX&-
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with nZ bg
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correspond Q?
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Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. p +T&9
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. lwY{rWo
Matter be of importance significant i*^K)SI8
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. T^nX+;:|
believe depended count confide rely depend bank ?s?uoZ
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. 4z*_,@OA
Crucial urgent pressing decisive ^LNc
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic 2ga}d5lu
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. }2r08,
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break ]rN fr
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Itis not my custom to give in. 7
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Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature !<LS4s;
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. B.G!7>=
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress 5&kR1Bp#-
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish Yq
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. C\; 8l}t
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce /iN\)y#u1
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. </=PN1=A
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. :L[6a>"neE
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent iN*>Z(b"
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. q"Md)?5N
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover uqUo4z 5T
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. nKO&ffb'<
Demand/require/callfor Pc7:hu
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. gAj)3T@
refuse decline rejects turn down }$)<k
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. ^ ?=K
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Thestorms are dying down. v'!Ntk
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. 8w&rj-
Themembers of the family had all died off. g5Dx9d{
Thisspecies has died out. ^kr)U8
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Canyou describe what he looks like? +29\'w,
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell Uot-@|l
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. tFaE cP
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious uX +<`3O
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. ?=!XhU
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Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous
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Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. n u8j_grW
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ Bh,)5E^m
throwaway/cast off/get rid of 7NB 9Vu|gD
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. P"h\7V,d%
Herwritings display natural talents. KWJgW{{v
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present G>,nZ/,A{
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. g#bu_E61B
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar P%`R7yk
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. s#4ew}
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct :"P hkR
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. pR6A#DgB
distinguish tell separate divide Bdq"6SK>
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. ^q&wITGI
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized B~;LBgpp
/prominent/important/superior N9=r#
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. aY[ 0A_
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold #1't"R+3M
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive rZ.a>'T4
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. [B~zoB(
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray 'hlB;z|T
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. kh?#={]Z
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull
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draw pull drag push heave lift haul ^KZAYB9C
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing siRnH(^J
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Shedrove her car into the forest. ^EUOmVN
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride ?|">),
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage /+4^.Q*
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop @vdc)vN[/
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. T+K` ^xv_L
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong w%8ooQ|C
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Itis your duty to go. hB
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Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role y /X:=d6"
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort o5=)~D{/G3
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable iJ`%yg,
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. ~{7zm"jN
economic/economical/economy `qf\3JT\
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. |&elZ}8
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive N+\oFbE
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. VM-qVd-
Theacid has no effect on the metal. Em~7D]Y
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. 'DCKD4@C/
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. BKE\SWu
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat.
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effect force power practice l-<3{!
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. ZR!cQ oV=
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire 6Gs{nFw
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. Np.no$_
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 0M$#95n
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. u
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Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 9U#\nXM
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. [3t0M5x w
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. N@k3$+ls
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. 69t7=r
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. siZr@g !L
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. b->eg 8|
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. C1h#x'k
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower O
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. ?TIV2m^?
equip provide By2s ']bw
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive d2RnQA
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. <v]z6B@9!
exert practice exercise impose avail I
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. wz|DT3"Xs
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent T_
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come 5QAdcEcN@O
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Devotionis essential for work. S"zk!2@C
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable s8^~NX(xdy
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent fO6[!M(
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Nothingis everlasting. J7:9_/e0T
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood H#35@HF*o
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. fe|g3>/|
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify zDB"r
w#&z]O9r
Hernose is a very attractive feature. )Ob]T{GY
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark ?mMW*ico
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? OqBC/p
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Inthe favor &iNS?1a%f=
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous KnJx{8@z
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. -(9O6)Rs$
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot :m Kxa
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. H-,TS^W
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. zJY']8ah
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. #dxvz^2V.3
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders p x#suy
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. w{`Acu
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant I8u!\F
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. [jrq
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Understand comprehend catch on get 'wvMH;}u
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. q@l(Qol
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout b7Oj<!Wo`
/handout/turn in AbfZ++aJ
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. xS8,W
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent I]R9HGJNlJ
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Theygrouped together in fours. "3}<8c
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate Ge
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter fu4!t31
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across }mk>!B}=
Hernew film is quite a hit. success q3h'
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Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect U>F{?PReA?
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. -RMi8{
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. ss
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Shealways holds to her convictions. 0L#/lDNk
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. (Rd$VYuf
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. obo&1Uv,/
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. lV6dm=k
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up ke%pZ7{u
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as )T|L,Lp
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Ifonly I were rich! nxo+?:**
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. BRv x[u
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Immoralvs amoral QHlU|dR)Ry
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. )r tomp:X
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Itwas he that initiated this project. -e]7n*}H$
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice -{jdn%Y7CK
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. @n+=vC.xO
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) *rh,"Zo
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Weare in for trouble. s60
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testified witnessed justified identified notify specify \*t~==WB
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Pleasekeep to the point --- we are running out of time. ~nLN`Hd
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Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement _Q%vK*n
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Hewas laid off for his ill performance. .{KjE
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pleasing pleasant grateful thankful pleased gracious generous OT^%3:zg
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quick rapid fast prompt punctual instant immediate ready hP J4Oj1O
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reach All these were within the reach of theordinary men. SEKN|YQV/t
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respectful respective respectable respected u^Sv#K X
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scale Synthetic rubbers are now being producedon a large scale. (\uAAW"
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Weall went to the airport to see her off. ]TfeBX6ST
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Willyou see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting? o@@_J@}#
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Herclear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. 5D-BIPn=JV
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Sheset out/forth at dawn. K9}jR@jy$
Heis set on going to university. {'&8`d
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Becominga doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. "&|lO|
Henever allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for theireducation. @gY'YA8m
Hisreal name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. 0.3^
Thecountry is short in known deposits of coal and iron. ;q'DGzh
Theinterviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. KgL<}=S
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Iwent back and found them in high/low spirits. 8x`Kl(
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stock The sugar is out of stock. ]gjr+GV
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Theysubjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation. Bd/}
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sympathize We sympathize with him in his sufferings to agreat extent. 4o)(d=q
sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy withyou on that point. s0_-1VU
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attraction temptation z(c@(UD-_
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thought On second thoughts, I am inclined to agreewith you.
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trace Her fear of water can traced back to achildhood accident. \7OJN
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trade he traded in his car for a new model. OL,/-;z6
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He grew very angry when he realized how hehad been ____ out of his money. "#_)G7W+e
trick deceive cheat betray fool ,6S_&<{
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what he said is true. mf
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Hepicked up all the books in turn and examined them. 0})7of
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Sheturned a deaf ear to our warnings.
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Hewas someone to whom you can turn in difficult times. j?d;xj
Wearranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. Z`SWZ<
Hetried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. 35]j;8N:
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Becauseof the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn.
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Bythe way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? 3;t@KuQ66
Inno way can teaching in school be separated from practice. `/gEKrhL-
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Wemust not give way to their demands. k
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Hehas done nothing out the way yet. ~q#[5l(r8
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. KOAz-h@6