博士生考试基础词汇汇总 4L'dV
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. :q6j{C(
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay !)1r{u
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up KjK.Sv{N
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) +:@lde]/p
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay sC
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. M<'AM4
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with ]w2nVC3
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. ivy+e-)
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with t[L0kF9en
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game x8L$T (^
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. x.d;7
Way/approach/solution/answer/ nP9zTa
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand Yv="oG!xL
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) sn.Xvk%75
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to J|vriI;
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently r!DUsE
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind ~Q q0
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement Kwc~\k
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) N{6
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure x RV@_
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active He is very active in politics. .i^aYbB$X
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic y81B3`@
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. gO
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Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit hj~nLgpN
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) 1 uKWvp0\
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. VeLuL:4I
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) _]g?3Gw7!
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. rD7L==Ld
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample d nZA+Pa
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. _[eAA4h
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns L=Pz0
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Aim His aim is to win the game. s>A!Egmo
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination SHc<`M'+
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. f{m,?[1C,
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up e:&+m `OSH
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang 5x([fG
Figure/digit/measure !uoQLiH+
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. .V4w+:i
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon f&z@J,_=
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. Mya
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Addup to/approximate/total/sum up \.@fAgv
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. _kgGz@/p
sum/measure/quantity/price/value %[l*:05
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect hI&ugdf
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment k|O?qE1hP
theory/outlook U c6]]Bbc
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. Lq-Di|6q
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown -zzM!1@F
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. u-31$z<<5}
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for "agc*o~!F
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all 86]})H
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. 17itC9U
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain N@o Ng}D&:
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. :X?bWxOJ
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. S$=e %c
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition isdEs k#A.
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. ;}=4z^^5
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor af:wg]g
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg 6{XdLI
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. c|kQ3(
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. liYR8 D
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove ?q68{!{bi
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of Fu
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. +2}aCoL\
Riseraise rouse arouse arise 5`ma#_zk|f
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up n*4N%yI^m5
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. 91Cg
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ,W'?F9Y\
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. ''@upZBJ
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. ;'\{T#5)
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate aZe[Nos
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. u6~|].j R
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted ` "Gd/
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assure I can assure you of my support. K%Sy~6iD&
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise I|6wPV?
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. k5>K/;*9
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete '
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe P=)&]Pz
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. {r9fKA
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from _T\~AwVc<
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. JRMe(,u
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct ~Wq[H
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale A7~~{9
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. wv 7jES
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. OzFA>FK0f;
ground foundation L< MIl[z7
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. J$)lYSNE
As soon as before the second the minute the moment MQR@(>TZy
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. `>@n6>f
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. [.}-n AN
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn NX?J
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals Z3K~C_0Cnu
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team '1{#I/P;
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off '-F
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boom Production boomed. LPgP;%ohO/
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper }e/P|7&
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short djVE x}
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Weare bound for London. Head make *N"bn'>3
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to |qS<{WZ!h
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction .'Vjs2 2
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) Za{sT&(|
Theyhave called off their engagement. X*Mw0;+T
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. iG*3S)
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful T!o
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Weshould not doubt his capability. Z3=DM=V;v
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency .IYE+XzV
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. B[^mWVp6L
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation UA3%I8gu_
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. ?6@Y"5
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Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process EAq/Yw2$
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition t#mW`rGE_
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center She centered her attention on the problem. V
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Focus concentrate fix j3F[C:-zY
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. ^I9x@t
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment '3eP<earRP
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. Dq+
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flexible changeable changing 94"R&|
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. EKf"e*|(L
Selection/preference/option/alternative HS| &["
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. ^lB'7#7
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. rixNz@p'%
Stick adhere hold grasp ^r7
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. 5SFeJBS
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. ro7\}O:I
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. _QfA'32S
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key Z<z(;)?c
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. K~AQ) ]pJI
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join 5[[ 4A]#T
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark e m<(wJ-Y
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark 'x
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate Z.<OtsQN
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast [Hy0j*
Poetshave compared sleep to death. i1ur>4Ns
Sheis lovely beyond compare. QM`A74j0]\
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. Uaog_@2n,
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. v/\l
Comparable/comparative ]$!-%pNv
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. wqJ^tA!
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt G+[hE|L
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Hehas formed a good habit. SaMg)s~B
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build nJY#d;
Assemble/manufacture/produce F]@vmzr
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required cU?A|'
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. (e6JI]tz{
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise <Qu]m.z[
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comprehensive/Comprehensible qasbK:}
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. XCCN6[[+
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware ;D&FZ|`(u
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. -61{ MMiA
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic {DJ!T
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful =7wI/5iN
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. @(M-ZO!D
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel xCGa3 X
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. 0F> ils
continuously vs continually _ dEc? R}
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express ui%B|b&&
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. ^=`7]E [p
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with CC&o pC
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correspond F|pM$Kd`
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. 9'+Eu)l:
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. )tYu3*'
Matter be of importance significant xe?!UCUb@
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. <8;SSdoKi
believe depended count confide rely depend bank :Ywb
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. "[h9hoN
Crucial urgent pressing decisive -wr#.8rzTT
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic wO<.wPa`
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. s1
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break 3Ye{a<ckK
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Itis not my custom to give in. 8MQb5( !
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature *jQ?(Tf
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair.
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destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress XoNBq9Iu
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish ~a$h\F'6
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. RCqd2$K"J+
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce 0u) m9eg
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. \>$3'i=mQ
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. 3N[Rrxe2
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent (S~kNbIa
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. "wy2u~
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover s_;o1 K0
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. 9?iA~r|+
Demand/require/callfor uG$*DeZti
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. r2*8.j51
refuse decline rejects turn down H+{@VB
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. BCfmnE4%
Thestorms are dying down. n)0M1o#
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. +
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Themembers of the family had all died off. efNscgi
Thisspecies has died out. = GyABK
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Canyou describe what he looks like? RFLfvD<
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell q3vv^~
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. O{EPq' x
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious "O'c.v?{x
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. iZLy#5(St
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous -g."{
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Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. 'ieTt_1.G
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ jEE!H/
throwaway/cast off/get rid of twu,yC!
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. et/:vLl13
Herwritings display natural talents. tz8fZ*n
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present \vJ0Mhk1
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. < =~=IZ)
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar U3C"o|
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. v)T#
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Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct ]tXIe?>9
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. 4Z>gK(
distinguish tell separate divide Q=8YAiCu
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. Y6&v&dA;
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized 2F>Y{3&
/prominent/important/superior z\oTu
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. mZ2CGOR
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold Ea&NJ]& g
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive c+&Kq.~K
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. (D%vN&F
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray HA8A}d~
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. haBmwq(f
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull rbnAC*y8'L
draw pull drag push heave lift haul s2"`j-iQ
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing 4P[MkMoC
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Shedrove her car into the forest. 7tXy3-~biz
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride &muBSQ-
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage Sc]K-]1(H
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop F$)l8}
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. u
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Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong j{OA%G(I
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Itis your duty to go. ,Q56A#Y\
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role `=H*4I-"
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort Q__CW5&'u
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable 86OrJdD8
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. RFL*
qd4
economic/economical/economy n7fhc*}:`
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. ks
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Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive FuiR\"Ww
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. QMBT8x/+_'
Theacid has no effect on the metal. ^$: w
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. AB'+6QU9k
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. FB[b]+t`D{
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. \:4*h
effect force power practice 'h
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. BuV71/Vb{Q
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire #S
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. &YXJ{<s
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. R'v~:wNTNs
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. i\6CE|
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. GM6,LzH
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. +]%S}<R
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. 3^UdB9j;
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. E%`J=C}
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. 5*%Gh&)
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. ln82pQD2Y~
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. .H)H9cmf
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower L0wT :x*
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. a#j,0FKv
equip provide #|b*l/t8
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive A"JdG%t>.h
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. .C^P6S2oJ
exert practice exercise impose avail K{ P-+(
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. P=n_wE
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent R0-0
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come H+[?{+"#@l
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Devotionis essential for work. U<j5s\Y,
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable _w\9
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Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent =<n ]T;
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Nothingis everlasting. s>>&3jfM
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood |}G"^r
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. ^N={4'G)
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify geG0F}oC!
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. f+ r>ur}\)
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark wo`.sB&T
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? |Rfj
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Inthe favor KTm^}')C8
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous HJl?@&l/
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. 3WwS+6R
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot oywiX@]~7
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. >|SIqB<%:
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. 6
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The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. ,Q"'q0hM=
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. 5Dkb/Iagi
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant #*A&jo'E
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. 5p.rd0T]l3
Understand comprehend catch on get vsI;ooR>
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. *8)?ZZMM
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout 6[t<g=
/handout/turn in L\4rvZa
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. j([b)k=
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent KGJSGvo+y
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Theygrouped together in fours. URVW5c
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate F>.y>h
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter a@? $#>
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across fS}Eu4Xe
Hernew film is quite a hit. success cEHpa%_5
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect u/W{JPlL
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. 4s
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Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. *l d)nH{
Shealways holds to her convictions. `
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Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction.
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Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. (B\Kb4m
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. ULew ~j
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up y6am(ugE
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as xpa+R^D5G
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