博士生考试基础词汇汇总 $^&ig
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. #jAqra._b
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay KXV[OF&J
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up ^xf<nNF:p
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) :K\mN/ x
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay @&D?e:|!U
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. [-&L8Un
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with zEZLKWm9-
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. bYz&P`o}
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with Ro2d,'
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game OB~X/
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. R),zl_d_
Way/approach/solution/answer/ !_2n
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand g*w<*
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) ;n\= R 5.
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to k%y9aO
qyHZ M}/
account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently 2xw6 5z
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind _2b tfY1U
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement 4@.|_
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Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) r%DFve:%
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure (;. AS
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active He is very active in politics. *&AfR8x_z
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic pj?XLiM54%
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. RFh"&0[
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit 5>6PH+Oq
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) y]%w )4PS
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. |}){}or
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) TwyM\9
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. )pw&c_x
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample 2!N8rHRt
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. ~f|Z%&l|
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns D+lzFn$3
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Aim His aim is to win the game. %iJ%{{f`
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination ]0D}T'wM
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. 2?@j~I=s2h
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up Es 5
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang
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Figure/digit/measure doHF|<s
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. >Ps7I
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon J H.K.C(
Q bhW!9(,
amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. \EoX8b}$b0
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up y(
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. Oc9#e+_&
sum/measure/quantity/price/value a:SQ16_?
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect b(GFMk
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment Bz8 &R|~>"
theory/outlook l#3($QV,
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. _BnTv$.P
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown ? y},,
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. S_J :&9L
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for h?@G$%2
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all _X5_ez^/=
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. #;9H@:N
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain t7#lsd`_
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. x49!{}
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. bk#xiuwT
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition kL{;.WsB
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. e]W0xC-
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor =7[)'
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg |:iEfi]j
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. Q49BU@xX
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. OS7RQw1
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove p]LnE`v
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of !c8L[/L
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. 5rN_jC*U
Riseraise rouse arouse arise k'13f,o}
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up N_' +B+U?
fp !:u
artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. =3+L#P=i9
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ;<6"JP>0
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. Zw=G@4xoU
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. gA
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associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate t[O+B6
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. _Xh=&(/8@
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted
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assure I can assure you of my support. x70N8TQ_gK
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise rgR?wXW]jE
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. {5x>y:v
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete sFx$>:$
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe 7 6*hc
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. 6aSM*S)
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. 0~i q G
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct 2VMX:&3 5J
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale x 8M#t(hw
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. 5:_~mlfi
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. |$ w0+bV*
ground foundation r&/D~g\"|[
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. }{#7Z8
As soon as before the second the minute the moment *
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. {V=vnL--
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. gm}C\q9
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn J;"nm3[.q
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals <EOg,"F
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team y#nSk%"t"
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off 'H
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boom Production boomed. Jn60i6/
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper ?<g|.HY/
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short #fJwC7 4
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Weare bound for London. Head make zmdWVFVv
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to es{cn=\s
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction |:
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) m]Hb+Y=;h
Theyhave called off their engagement. oPp!*$V
WFQ*s4 R(
Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. !4i,%Z&6
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful t@l(xns V
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Weshould not doubt his capability. [BJ$|[11
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency 1y_fQ+\2A
(9Fabo\SH
Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. (R9QBZP5
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation (rau8
Q:'qw#P/C
Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. Tz+HIUIxF
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process GMVC&^
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition a!TBk=P
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center She centered her attention on the problem. !N@S^JD6
Focus concentrate fix e|2vb
GQ
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. >C*?17\
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment J3]qg.B%z
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. Bt|9%o06l
flexible changeable changing =;'ope(?S
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. Fi?U)T+%+
Selection/preference/option/alternative N'lGA;}i
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. doxdRYKL
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. w~cq%
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Stick adhere hold grasp P;HVL flu
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. Li c{'w&
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. Y:tW]
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. ^5FJ}MMJf
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key !R] CmK
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. ~_f
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blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join )DklOEO
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark vJ'yz#tl9
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate 0%qctZy
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast :)
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Poetshave compared sleep to death.
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Sheis lovely beyond compare. 3
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. [#
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Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. NBbY## w0
Comparable/comparative SCI-jf3WN
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. oRvm*"8B
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt 2Xj-A\Oh~
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Hehas formed a good habit. I%zo>s6
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build ;2xXX,'R7
Assemble/manufacture/produce G(Idiw#WT
v^lm8/}NO
Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required d)17r\*>I
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. y
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Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise |\r\i&|g1
dv4r\ R^
comprehensive/Comprehensible BS<>gA
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Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. !f]3Riw-=,
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware Rp@}9qijb
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. u!EulAl
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic /RULPd
PH
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful DrCfC[A~]
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. TXk"[>,:H
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel qpEC!~y
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. Y<$"]@w
continuously vs continually +iDz+3v(
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express apWrcaj
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. 0PX@E-n
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with 58gt*yVu
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correspond 'A@Oia1;{
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. @P*P8v8:
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. L$07u{Q
Matter be of importance significant 5TW<1'u
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. v
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believe depended count confide rely depend bank o+23?A~+
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. 2F)OyE
Crucial urgent pressing decisive j
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Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic H;}ue
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. o~N-x*
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break vb2O4%7tw
Gi_X+os
Itis not my custom to give in. <}>-ip?
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature gM]/Y6*$b
XSIO0ep
The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. E )SOcM)
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress %ieAY-<"
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish JugQ +0
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. vYun^(_-
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce D#(L@{vC
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. dNmX<WXG
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. ?AH<y/i<Y
sMo%Ayes
degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent 3Q6#m3AWY
KW
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. +1A<kJ
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover 8XE0 p
7
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. *gKr1}M
Demand/require/callfor ;<Q_4
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. j|w+=A1
refuse decline rejects turn down W12K93tO
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. q3:'
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Thestorms are dying down. Ku# _
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. a+Nd%hoe
Themembers of the family had all died off. <;K/Yv'{r
Thisspecies has died out. O2B$c\pw
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Canyou describe what he looks like? R["7%|RV
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell q5Mif\
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. K ajyQ"j
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious lUz@Em
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. XDQ1gg`
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous ]
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Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. '`"&RuB
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ 03y<'n
throwaway/cast off/get rid of VP&lWPA}\$
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. S7*:eo
Herwritings display natural talents. 5kz`_\&
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present Os;\\~e5
R!ij CF\
distinct Mice are distinct form rats. FS0SGBo
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar ~Gza$ K
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. B'yrXa|P
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct >E
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. $I%]jAh6
distinguish tell separate divide h";sQ'us
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field.
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Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized GzX@Av$
/prominent/important/superior BH^q.p_#>X
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. (Y86q\DQ?|
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold mb/Y
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive hk(^?Fp
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. d{Z
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray |
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. 'sC{d&c
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull y3vOb , 4
draw pull drag push heave lift haul <5
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draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing Z"A:^jZ<s
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Shedrove her car into the forest. (1ebE
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride gxF3gM
Bi]%bl>%
Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage w!Z3EA ;`
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop f?)qZPM
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. ~Oolm_+{}
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong {Tx+m;5F
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Itis your duty to go. Mv_4*
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Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role
uu HWN|
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort P
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable -
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. )x]/b=m
economic/economical/economy 'M&`l%dIPf
yVSJn>l!
Hewent to a very good elementary school. +3VY0J
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive p=p,sJ/@
RE*;nSVFt
Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. ;vuok]@
Theacid has no effect on the metal. "zfy_h
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. Xq9%{'9
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. >[NNu Y~
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. /:l>yKI+~
effect force power practice %G>*Pez%
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. U",kAQY
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire !M\8k$#"n
dCN4aY[d
end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. -:Yx1Y3
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Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. RWK|?FD\<
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. 624l5}@:
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. y@e/G3
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. 5V8WSnO
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. /U+0T>(HS
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. m>DBO|`
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. &i
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Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. s
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. 7\H jQ7__
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower ) 7w%\i{M
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. [2ez" 4e
equip provide plN:QS$
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive lf-1;6nyk"
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. v)1@Ew=Y%
exert practice exercise impose avail K+|G9
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. \I"n~h^_
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent V(wm?Cc]
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come NAg m?d
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Devotionis essential for work. x`n7D
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable 1#}}:
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent >W>3w
l_$le
Nothingis everlasting. VRE[vM'
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood T]oVNy
`]F}O \H
Thebird extended its wings in flight. rUn1*KWbE
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify :yxP3e%rp
OJ?U."Lxm$
Hernose is a very attractive feature. D4Z7j\3a
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark R/EpfYOX
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? s+0n0C
Inthe favor {
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Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous PjE%_M<
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. GahIR9_2
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot <IBWA0A=8a
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. W#9A6ir>
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. HuLvMYF
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. U _sM==~
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders EG!Nsb^,
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. +!/pzoWpE
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. ~--b#o{
Understand comprehend catch on get *#.Ku(C+
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. L"L a|
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout '
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/handout/turn in ]D_
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. CqLAtS X7
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent H2{&da@D5
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Theygrouped together in fours. ~pw%p77)
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter obK6GG?ZE
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across V!f'
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Hernew film is quite a hit. success Bgs,6:
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect Lpk`qJ
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. 8Yw V"+Fu/
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. ug?#Oa
Shealways holds to her convictions. ]Z>zf]
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Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. x8Nij:K#
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. -^,wQW:o)
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. Lu[xoQ~I
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up `7Dj}vVu
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as :Oc&{z?q
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Ifonly I were rich! ,QHn} 3fW
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. An=Q`Uxt/
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Immoralvs amoral [zhcb+^5l
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. hJGWa%`
fqZ+CzH
Itwas he that initiated this project. 1#jvr_ ga
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice 6EkD(w
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. 6N'HXL UlQ
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) .iH#8Z
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