图表及图表类型 %e E^Y<@g
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram qT$k%(
2、各类图表: qVn<c,8#
表格:table; f^$,;
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; uY&1[(Pb
饼形图:piechart; W{}$c`,R
线形图:linechart 或curve chart cE]z Tu?!
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 Je6[q
1、“数字数据”相关 #fuUAbU0X
(1) the number of sth. w]wZJ/U`
(2) data, statistics, figures I=0c\ U}
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion @{y'_fw
(4) around, over, appropriately fkxkf^g)
2、表达“上升” ppAbG,7
(1)常见词汇 b RR N
increase → (名词形式increase ) Q0xO;20
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise)
l]]NVBA])
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) %ih\|jRt
go up ;+
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注意以下短语数量上的区别: ^j<v~GTx+
increase by +数字上升到... /@9Q:'P
increase to +数字上升了... Sy8t2lk
reach to +数字达到... s%jB
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(2)其他词汇 Wmbc
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climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 -nb U5o
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 4:V
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 )PN8HJAArh
(3) 地道表达 TK5$-6k
double, triple ~^F]t$rz
3、表达“下降” Q7+WV`&
(1) 常见词汇 $xu2ZBK
decrease (名词形式decrease ) 4!!|P
drop (名词形式drop) 01n!T2;yW}
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) e@hPb$7
decline (名词形式decline ) !&U75FpN}:
go down ?qQ{]_q1&.
(2)其他词汇 WyV4p
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 Q4mtfpiDx
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 2tz4Ag
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 whI4@#
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 cC8$ oCR?
4、表达“波动” L`t786
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fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) AG >D,6Y
go up and down ca=MUm=B
rise and fall T)tr"<F5NP
5、表达“保持平稳” b8a(.}8*
remain stable (或 remain constant) +HE,Q6-A
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) thPAD+u.3
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词)
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1、变化快、剧烈、明显 ;)rhx`"n
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable 42`Uq[5Y
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 }ll&EB
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady A7QT4h&6
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” }r04*P(
1、v. + adv. #cR5k@
decline slowly 2Jo|P A`9
grow dramatically +46& Zb35
fluctuate sharply ca
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2、 adj. + n. r0z8?
a slow decline 6heK8*.T
a dramatic growth )m-(- I
a sharp fluctuation g9GPyU
a slight increase #E4oq9{0*W
a significant increase i&HU7mP/
3、 on a +adj.+ n B_!S\?}$
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: y] Q/(O
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. -6q7ze{@
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. 5=s|uuw/