图表及图表类型 NA=I7I@
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram (vO\h8
2、各类图表: 7dg2-4
表格:table; ftaGu-d%
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; !@.9>"FU
饼形图:piechart; XWuHH;~*L
线形图:linechart 或curve chart t9C.|6X
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 :"ta#g'
1、“数字数据”相关 ,\%qERk
(1) the number of sth. >
14x.c
(2) data, statistics, figures 2oO&8:`tv
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion Oh&k{DWE$
(4) around, over, appropriately (4GDh%
2、表达“上升” hxT{!g
(1)常见词汇 ;z Qrree#
increase → (名词形式increase ) be->ofUYgs
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) Rr% CP[bH
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) -jPrf:3)
go up W Z_yaG$U
注意以下短语数量上的区别: l(B(gPvU
increase by +数字上升到... 3$~oQC
increase to +数字上升了... SNUq
reach to +数字达到... SQSPdR+
(2)其他词汇 ;WP%)Z
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 5Z<y||=
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 z, f
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 ^+MG"|)u~
(3) 地道表达 S=^kR [O"
double, triple \F'tl{'\@
3、表达“下降” m\DI6O"u'
(1) 常见词汇 8-_\Q2vG
decrease (名词形式decrease ) "3Lq/mJYnZ
drop (名词形式drop) QIWfGVc-
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) )J>-;EYb8
decline (名词形式decline ) -|WQs'%O
go down VZ1u/O?ub
(2)其他词汇 cq0#~20
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 +#LD@)G
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 P: QSr8K
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 4COo ~d
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 tYzpL
4、表达“波动” Fs 95^T
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) 6p)dO
c3L
go up and down >&?k^nI}J
rise and fall )Zbrg~-@
5、表达“保持平稳” TJ`Jqnh
remain stable (或 remain constant) `;v5o4.`
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) 7@u:F?c
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) [39
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 0w9[Z
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable vNIQ1x5Za
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 T8US` MZ
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady /s|4aro
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” iRsK;)<
1、v. + adv. Sft
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decline slowly aS)Gj?Odf
grow dramatically syB.Z-Cpd
fluctuate sharply _gn`Y(c$%
2、 adj. + n.
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a slow decline WcZck{ehd
a dramatic growth xwe^_7
a sharp fluctuation kW.it5Z#
a slight increase `44 }kkBT
a significant increase E,$5V^
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3、 on a +adj.+ n k]] e8>
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: ^wTod\y
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. G~FAChI8![
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. -V'h>K