图表及图表类型 :W5*fE(i
1、图表：chart, graph, diagram o
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2、各类图表： 5EIhCbA
表格：table; EWN$ILdD
柱形图：barchart 或column chart; R!xs; |]
饼形图：piechart; p}.P^ `~j
线形图：linechart 或curve chart M;W{A)0i1
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 oaI7j=Gp
1、“数字数据”相关 y]=v+ Q*+
(1) the number of sth. f+0dwlIlC$
(2) data, statistics, figures _,b%t1v
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion h 88iZK
(4) around, over, appropriately \Ja%u"D A
2、表达“上升” EF0 {o_
(1)常见词汇 AW6]S*rh
increase → (名词形式increase ) )8&Q.? T
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) J{$C}8V
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) D`e!CprF
go up }"fP,:n"KN
注意以下短语数量上的区别： pw:<a2.
increase by +数字上升到... y VQ qz
increase to +数字上升了... F=B>0Q5
reach to +数字达到... qYIBP?`g
(2)其他词汇 c R$2`: e
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 K K]AX;
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃，剧增 ix^:qw;
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 0"u*K n
(3) 地道表达 ' m}~
double, triple M6 AQ8~z
3、表达“下降” }<FBcc(n
(1) 常见词汇 UOF5&>MLb
decrease (名词形式decrease ) nP'ab_>b
drop (名词形式drop) CJjma=XH
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) |Y/iq9l
decline (名词形式decline ) 2|EH Ny!
go down $q.8ve0&^
(2)其他词汇 VbBZ\`b
plunge: fall steeply 跳水，猛跌
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plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 Fxv~;o#
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉，沉没 ) ^%,\l-!
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 } M'\s
4、表达“波动” k>VP<Zm13
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) 7_#v_ A^
go up and down mg'-]>$ $]
rise and fall _sZ/tU@_-K
5、表达“保持平稳” ]N1$ioC#
remain stable (或 remain constant) 56?U4wj7{
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) J [LGa:``
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) .&r]
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1、变化快、剧烈、明显 J9poqp@`MG
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable (O&~*
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 y*Ex5N~JC
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady +|#sF,,X4g
▶常用短语：“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” )}G
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1、v. + adv. :Oq! .uO
decline slowly 7
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grow dramatically *WMcE$w/D
fluctuate sharply -iH/~a
2、 adj. + n. wQ.ild
a slow decline f+<-Jc
a dramatic growth wy) Frg
a sharp fluctuation ZP %^.wxC
a slight increase
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a significant increase jgEiemh&
3、 on a +adj.+ n 6"_FjS3Sl
例如：如上述柱形图所示，过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达： l[\[)X3$
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. :4Q_\'P
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. 83TN6gW
