图表及图表类型 ]p:s5Q
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram )! Jo7SR
2、各类图表: AvfSR p
表格:table; g\[?U9qN
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; )*}2L_5]
饼形图:piechart; 3MPmLV#f
线形图:linechart 或curve chart JPJ&k(P
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 ue"?n2
1、“数字数据”相关 %{?EfULg
(1) the number of sth. pN|BtrN{
(2) data, statistics, figures o/I'Qi$v-
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion &Azfpv
(4) around, over, appropriately W@Et
2、表达“上升” 2l^hnog|
(1)常见词汇 6AD#x7drj
increase → (名词形式increase ) .K%1{`.|
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) j
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grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) !:"$1kh1("
go up O1]L4V1iH
注意以下短语数量上的区别: as%@dUK?
increase by +数字上升到... r I)Y
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increase to +数字上升了... TC[(mf:8
reach to +数字达到... m
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(2)其他词汇 p8gm=
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 W5a7HkM
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 5jMI33D
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 rx[l7F
q
(3) 地道表达 wN}@%D-[v
double, triple H 5\k`7R
3、表达“下降” 1V/?p<A
(1) 常见词汇 u_31Db<
decrease (名词形式decrease ) *z852@
drop (名词形式drop) 7# !RX3
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) cl,\N\
decline (名词形式decline ) YL[n85l>1
go down ,/%@:Fh4
(2)其他词汇 +wPXDN#R
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 zv.R~lMtY
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 LZR
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sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没
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dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 rg5ZxN|g
4、表达“波动” r3;@
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) Wxeg(L}E
go up and down H\vd0DD;
rise and fall GBg~NkC7.
5、表达“保持平稳” @y ImR+^.7
remain stable (或 remain constant) ahoXQ8c:\}
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) Vd&&GI(:?^
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) ](@HPAG]
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 '((pW
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable {r>iUgg
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 )hy(0 D
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady R\T1R"1
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” x$L(!ZDh
1、v. + adv. '$q=r x
decline slowly 3QF/{$65!
grow dramatically d8C44q+ds
fluctuate sharply |PNPOj0
2、 adj. + n. Y#<>N-X|kA
a slow decline ud
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a dramatic growth rgw@
a sharp fluctuation cF V[k'F
a slight increase C
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a significant increase (ebC80M
3、 on a +adj.+ n pNnZ-R|u
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: |MMaaW^"
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. kMx^L;:n
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. LX8A@Yct