图表及图表类型 r=[T5,L(s
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram \gferWm
2、各类图表: -Y'Qa/:7
表格:table; j`1%a]Bwc
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; g1-^@&q
饼形图:piechart; [ h7nOUL!
线形图:linechart 或curve chart X
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▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 1au1DvH
1、“数字数据”相关 *"#62U6
(1) the number of sth. _W]qV2j
(2) data, statistics, figures 7a.$tT
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion !kZ9Ox9^
(4) around, over, appropriately D
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2、表达“上升” cA_77#<8
(1)常见词汇 h?[3{Z ^
increase → (名词形式increase ) Ld>y Fb(`
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) 1ipfv-hb6
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) Fi.gf?d
go up *Iv.W7 [
注意以下短语数量上的区别: Gqvnc8V&
increase by +数字上升到... ~[bS+]d!
increase to +数字上升了... Dpp3]en.
reach to +数字达到... ed$g=qs>
(2)其他词汇 x]|8
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 ')%Kv`hz
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 Wo
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 MJ sz
(3) 地道表达 o, e y.
double, triple FT'_{e!M
3、表达“下降” rJi;"xF8
(1) 常见词汇 i1RU5IRy|j
decrease (名词形式decrease ) iR
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drop (名词形式drop) csZIBi
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) b'Cy!d r
decline (名词形式decline ) 6kH47Yc?
go down v#u]cmI
(2)其他词汇 HPVW2Y0_N
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 -AwR$<q'
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 |0nbO2}
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 f&=y\uP]
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 j3 d=O!
4、表达“波动” ^/`:o}7K7
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) Iw(2D(se
go up and down !Irmc*;QE
rise and fall \z!*)v/{-
5、表达“保持平稳” %jEdgD%xV
remain stable (或 remain constant) J0xOB;rd
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳)
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▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) fhqc[@Y[
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 sOA!Sl
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable +f/G2qY!t
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 b}'XDw
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady CpHF3o`Z6
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” TA;
1、v. + adv. sxM
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decline slowly q:Gi
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grow dramatically F`,XB[}2
fluctuate sharply `btw*{ .[
2、 adj. + n. nW2fB8yq
a slow decline B:qH7`s
a dramatic growth i/QE)"B"q
a sharp fluctuation Bv,u kQ\CH
a slight increase VD+TJ` r
a significant increase 6LZ(bP'd;
3、 on a +adj.+ n C;2!c
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: {IEc{y7?gO
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. Nzj7e 1=
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. $h1`-=\7