考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 b7-M'-Km0_
L_4c~4
9~3;upWu!
开头万能公式: Z[9)
hGh
2S%[YR>>
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 h&5bMW
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! ctg U
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? 7Yv1et
|
经典句型: l$[7pM[
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) bsClw
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 4)Jtc2z7Z\
(适用于自编名言) [d"]AF[#
更多经典句型: AS1#_fC
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 8D
y5g
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 da[=d*I.
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 [|qV*3|?
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: \p4>onGI
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college pseN!7+or
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. ,r5'nDV=d
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: WHF[l1
Honesty og[cwa_
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 Bm>>-nG;
Travel by Bike ^5'pJ/BV
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 %[cZ,F=
Youth "1P[D'HV4|
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Tv[|^G9x
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? !eu\ShI
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 8l.bT|#O
更多句型: +,Ud 3iS
A recent statistics shows that … Iwx~kvz\_(
)5[OG7/g
结尾万能公式: w
PE\?en
]qd$rX
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 Te6cw+6
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: |NdWx1
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good ;x|7"lE
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 9oU1IT9
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! !AXt6z cZ
更多过渡短语: @B`nM#X#
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus eH_< <Xh!v
更多句型: 9u;/l#?@T
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… p:NIRs
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 j.ZXLe~
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! ;Rf@S$
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve F{G.dXZZ<
the problem. ~H c5M5m
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? *!.anbo@?z
更多句型: ri/CLq^D
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. @~QI3)=s
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be F.{$HJ
taken. +QEP:#qZw
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 nN2huNTf:
1)#dgsa
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: #O lPnP 2
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is hCb2<_3CR
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to ZY|$[>X!
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite Bm5\*Xd1(
similar. ^kK% 8 u
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
8shx7"
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 v?YxF}
主 题 句原则 9&bJ]
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! sp&gw XPG
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! q?qH7={,eu
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully L6"V=^Bq
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, @R Jr
~y0
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 &3OV|ly]
一 二 三原则 _SnD)k+TgJ
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 7h.fT`
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 U
s.k,
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) i<(~J4}b
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) c#f@v45
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) CQPq5/@Y4
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, =!G{+&
j
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) 0g;)je2_2?
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) ~)VI`36X
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) [C\B2iU7_M
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) +sV~#%%
8)most important of all, moreover, finally dvM%" k
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) k?rJGc G
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) ExM VGe
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 )}P/xY0
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: qi
">AQpp
I cannot bear it. Ylyk/
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. =ym<yI<
I want it. cvQAo|
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. K { FZ/
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 [$F*R@,&
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, #h P>IU
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital ^^lx Ot
之类的形象词。再比如: tLxeq?Oo]
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room >FKwFwT4D
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room fZ&' _
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room #G_'5{V
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room ef)zf+o
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room IT)3Et@Y
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 &r,)4q+
1)加法(串联) >t<\zC|~w
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, c-v-UO%
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ( $>m]|
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. hu1ZckIw?
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: Yg,;l-1
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. d S'J @e=#
其它的短语可以用: qGX#(,E9;
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover ;TS%e[lFhQ
2)转折(拐弯抹角) YaL:6[6
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 s2GF*{
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. 2P)O
0j\/
The coat was thin, but it was warm. se
i2\l
8q
更多的短语: u1Slu%^e
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, Wy*+8~@A
despite, notwithstanding ggiy{CdR
3)因果(so, so, so) dq`{fqGl
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! vy 7/
The snow began to fall, so we went home. }]PHE(}7
更多短语: )XGz#C_P
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a 1Y J?Y
result, for this reason, so that V=dOeuYd
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) 0 p?AL=
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 =JgR c7
举例:This is what I can do. 1:<(Q2X%
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. e,VF;Br
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: Kx&"9g$
When to go, Why he goes away… d1/9
A-{
5)附加(多此一举) BWy-R6br
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 kHylg{i{"
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. ;nP(S`'
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. i9XpP(mf
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. <j>;5!4!}
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom Ec}%!p_$
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 NytTyk)
6)排比(排山倒海句) D|*w6p("z
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! MiIxj%,(
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated !ess.U&m'
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. q%e'WM G~n
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such tEvDAI} 5
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean vm_]X{80;
tides. 2O
Ur">_
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, 69)"T{7
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) <tFq^qB
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 [)s4:V
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! 0VtjVz*C7&
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: X5[vQ3^
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb \f?
K74
the Western Hills. 7$Z_'GJ]1C
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about FEu"
b@v
three times that of China. &d2L9k
Tk
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! $Y_S`#c@i
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 UTKyPCfj
[;Lgbgt3f
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! J.R\h!
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted F +(S-Qk1
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as 3`%E;?2
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. #J&3Zds
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will wrgB =o
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the >9A18xC
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 8Lx/ZGy
更多句型: VtI`Qcjc
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, }i"[5:
for example二、做比较 4z(B`t~7
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; 9gw;MFP)D
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through Ut\:jV=f
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: s=(q#Z
相似的比较: 27Z
qdHd
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner s2SV
相反的比较: u'#/vT#l
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, Ue9Y+'-x
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, 1k4\zVgi
…三、换言之 E7iAN\vo
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 NJsaTBT
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! 07:V[@'
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. {guOAT-w
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love %50)?J=zB
with you. 0)d='3S
或者上面我们举过的例子: \;~Nj#
I cannot bear it. xtP:Q9!N
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. \DujF>:
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with H%Gz"
it or I am fed up with it. ;&6
{c
更多短语: ?{"r(
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more K9Mz4K_
simply