PART I: DESCRIPTION (2 points each) G#-t&gO3
Your answer should describe what each item is and how it functions in the cell. Diagrams, structure and sequence information should be included in your answer, as necessary. <dl:';@a-
1. Yeast artificial chromosome: Ya{$:90
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① 酵母人工染色体(0.5 point) WG>Nm89
② contains components required for replication and segregation of the natural yeast chromosome, including two telomeric sequences (TEL), one centromere (CEN) and one autonomously replicating sequences (ARS) (0.75 point ) O_}R~p
③ contains genes act as selective markers in yeast and proper restriction sites (0.75 point ) 0w9)#e+JS
④ can accommodate genomic DNA fragments of more than 1 Mb (0.5 point) @ -CZa^g
2. RNA interference: xR}^~14Bz
① RNA干扰 (0.5 point) `~0)}K.F
② a conserved biological response to double-stranded RNA (1 point) [AkL6
③ regulates the expression of protein-coding genes through siRNA or miRNA (1 point) )(yD"]co
④ the dsRNA is restricted by DICER, then RISC mediates the siRNA and miRNA related RNA degradation and translation inhibition, respectively. (1 point) x6Zhw9RV
3. Proteomics y,'M3GGl
① 蛋白组学 (0.5 point)The study of the proteome using techniques of high resolution protein separation and identification (1.5 point) oS3'q\
④ The best separation method is two dimensional gel electrophoresis, the individual protein spots are then cut from the gel and treated with protease to produce a set of peptides characteristic of that protein. The precise masses of each peptide in the sample are then determined by MALDI mass spectrometry. The resulted peptide mass fingerprint of that protein is then compared to a database to deduce the function of that protein etc. (1.5 point) =y+gS%o$
4. Shine-Dalgarno sequence LkYcAY$w
① SD 序列 (0.5 point) tNP>6F/
② A conserved sequence 8-13 nt upstream of the first codon to be translated (1 point). Kv(2x3("
③ This sequence was discovered by Shine and Dalgarno (0.5 point) e$kBpG"D
④ The sequence is purine-rich and contains all or part of 5’-AGGAGGU-3’ (0.5 point) -yyim;Nj
⑤ Can base-pair with the 3’-end of the 16S rRNA (0.5 point) tDw(k[aK@
5. Alternative splicing w]<V~X
① 可变剪接 (0.5 point) t<=Ru*p
② The generation of different mature mRNAs from a particular type of gene transcript by choosing different 5’- and 3’-splice sites (2 point). ws}cMX]*
6. Ribozyme b,C2(?hg
① 核酶 (0.5 point) y,&'nk}
② an RNA molecule capable of catalyzing a chemical reaction (2 point). 4mHR+
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7. -dependent termination :c75*h`
① -依赖型转录终止 (0.5 point) WXq=FZ-
② During bacterial transcription, some terminator sites do not form strong hairpins, thus termination of the transcription by bacterial RNA polymerase requires the assistance of an accessory factor called rho ( protein (2 point). rgq~lZ.U4K
8. RNA editing ki|KtKAu_9
① RNA编辑 (0.5 point) |!t&ZpdD
② A form of RNA processing in which nucleotide sequence of the primary transcript is altered by either changing, inserting or deleting residues at the specific points along the molecule (2 point). .,({&L