写作中常见的语言错误

Introduction ,[6N64fy  
　　It is difficult to identify errors in your own written work, but if you can leave 3 or 4 minutes at the end of the test to perform a careful rereading of each task, you will almost certainly be able to find and correct some. $6~ J#;  
　　Common errors WJ)( *1  
　　Here are some common errors found in Hong Kong university students' written work. Watch out for them when you are proof reading. wm> I;|gA)  
　　Run-on Sentences and Sentence Fragments Lyjt$i W%  
　　Check each sentence to make sure it has a subject and a verb and that it expresses a complete concept. x^_(gve:  
　　Do not run two sentences together incorrectly. Use punctuation (full stops, colons or semicolons) or linking words to separate them or clarify meaning. i@7b  
　　Punctuation &m
@~R|  
　　Use capital letters at the start of sentences and for names of persons, cities, countries, languages, streets, and titles. IBYRuaEB  
　　End every sentence with a full stop or question mark. k)+2+hX&>  
　　Use punctuation (commas, colons, semi-colons) within individual sentences to separate phrases and for easier understanding. sB|>\O#-
 
　　Place exact quotes in quotation marks. Full stops and commas go inside the quotation marks. !KiN} p  
　　Use apostrophes correctly to indicate possession. {<f_,Nlc  
　　This website gives more information on the general use of punctuation. 4{!7T  
　　http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/index.html#Punctuation. l(;~9u0sa  
　　Subject-Verb Agreement .QRa{l_)  
　　Check every subject and verb to make sure that if you have used a singular subject, you have also used a singular verb. Similarly, a plural subject needs a plural verb. Pay extra care to add an 's' to present simple tense verbs in the 3rd person singular. 5&}
~W)"9  
　　e.g. The IELTS exam tests our level of English. <w@ziUr  
　　Sentence Length !)1r{u
 
　　Keep sentences reasonably short. General guidelines for academic writing recommend a maximum of 25 words per sentence. p$r=jF&  
　　Break long sentences into shorter units. O5^!\j.WR  
　　If too short, perhaps you could link them using a conjunction or other transitional device, but do not overdo this (e.g. by starting nearly every sentence with a linking word.) +:@lde]/p  
　　Cohesion (sentences) 2)O-EAn  
　　Ensure that each sentence follows clearly and logically from the one before it. Note that it is not necessary to keep all sentences the same length; sentences of different lengths in each paragraph makes for a more interesting writing style. 1=fP68n  
　　Cohesion (paragraphs) U&DD+4+28:  
　　Each paragraph should contain a topic sentence which states the main idea, fact or opinion. Ja$Ple*XU8  
　　Paragraphs should be around 4 -5 sentences long. Task one will probably contain 2-3 paragraphs, task two, 4 - 5. Try to use the last sentence to connect in some way with the paragraph after, or the first sentence to link with the paragraph before. Limit paragraph length to a maximum of 100 words. //9M~qHa"  
　　Verb Tenses U Ke!zI  
　　Use the correct tense to express what you want to say and try to keep tenses consistent. 1A>>#M=A
 
　　These websites give more information on verb tense usage. ;MD6iBD  
　　http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/verbs.htm#tense &p/^A[  
　　http://elc.polyu.edu.hk/CILL/exercises/choosing-verbs.htm F(jvdq  
　　http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/esl/esltensverb.html p[kEFE,%  
　　Spelling 1 +P&O4>  
　　Before the test, when you practise writing tasks, check the spelling of any word you are unsure about. Be especially careful of the "ei" and "ie" words, words which add "-ing" and/or "ed," and words with one or more sets of double letters.