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主题 : 医学考博写作常用词汇选编
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楼主  发表于: 2014-10-12   
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医学考博写作常用词汇选编

一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 ]op}y0  
(一)医疗、医院、医生 HJLu'KY }  
  1 、医生 aZ2!i  
  ① doctor, medical worker E@@5BEB ~  
  ② physician 内科医生 wW7eT~w  
  ③ surgeon 外科医生 pWy=W&0~qf  
  ④ doctor in charge 主治医生 oe%} ?u  
  ⑤ intern 实习医生 + ln9c  
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 >6NRi/[  
S{]x  
  2 、医院 p`b"-[93  
  ① hospital  .u* 0[N  
  The specialized hospital 专科医院 QqFR\6  
  The general hospital 普通医院 kStnb?nk  
  The community hospital 社区医院 (61EDKNd9  
  The public hospital 公立医院 W#^2#sjO  
  The private hospital 私立医院 H\h3 TdL  
  ② clinc 门诊 J2::'Hw*s  
  Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 2;z b\d   
  ③ ward 病房 SG6kud\b  
④ medical team 医疗队 A#Iyb){Y  
W}m)cn3@  
3、 医疗手段 R9'b-5q  
(1)              drug therapy 药物治疗 KV]X@7`@  
(2)              medical treatment 医疗 J#w J4!  
(3)              medical instruments 医疗器械 RTE8Uq36  
(4)              diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis dYG,_ji  
(5)              prevent (v) 预防 x}_]A$nV  
(6)              sterilize (v) 消毒 | 4,sJE2"[9  
(7)              administrate a drug 给药 GNgKo]u  
(8)              prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 "Om=N@?  
(9)              TCM 中医 GR +[UG  
(10)          chemotherapy 化疗 j"}*T  
(11)          medical service 医疗服务 :e_V7t)o  
(12)          complain of (v) 主述 5k`l $mW{  
(13)          health checkup 健康普查 \ Pj  
(14)          diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 zfc'=ODX  
(15)          consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; H| 8Qp*  
v16 JgycM  
  4 、医疗体制 v{(^1cX  
  (1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 H=g`hF]`  
  (2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 M@`;JjtSA  
  (3 )medical accident 医疗事故 ex::m&  
  (4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 q?4p)@#   
  (5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 X.Rb-@  
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 V#XppYU  
s!?`T1L  
  5 、医德 m;'6MHx;  
  (1 )medical ethics 医德 jF0jkj1&/[  
  (2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 P0W*C6&71|  
  (3 )humanistic 人道主义的 <~6h|F8  
  (4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 5_- (<B  
  (5 )considerate 体贴周到的 yKa{08X:  
  (6 )resolute 果断的 o=50>$5jlS  
  (7 )service quality 服务质量 *1v[kWa?  
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people F({HP)9b  
/W>iJfx  
  6 、病人 {@+Ty]e  
  (1 )patient Hkwl>R$  
  (2 )the sick .!f$ \1l  
  (3 )the invalid F<qz[,]|-j  
  (4) sufferer ~\Hc,5G  
   n/SwP  
(二)疾病 hWD;jR  
  1 、 患病的表达方式 ` :o4'CG  
  ⑴ suffer from (v ) BI3@|,._N  
  (2) contract (v ) {so `/EWa  
  (3) people with some disease 患病人群 )iYxt:(,  
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 +kzo*zW$L  
$npT[~U5  
  2 、必知疾病名称 !HnXXVW  
  heart disease 心脏病 A-ZN F4  
  hypertension 高血压 gP0LCK>  
  kidney problem 肾病 {]%0lf:  
  stroke 中风 0:9.;x9_  
    shock 休克 ";3zX k[#  
  the blood pressure 血压 P} 0%-JC  
  diabetes 糖尿病 nlW +.a[  
  obesity 肥胖 7Rd'm'l)  
  terminal illness 绝症 "nw;NIp!  
  incurable illness 不治之症 6YGubH7%_  
  cancer 癌症 BYVY)<v/  
  tumor 肿瘤 LR".pH13  
  cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 ^(f"v e#7v  
  emergency case 急症 PH+S};Uxv  
  serious illness 重症 (9Ux{@$o[  
  the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 G 8g<>d{j  
  short breath 短气 ??M"6k  
  syndrome 综合症 Kx;eaz:gx  
  complications 并发症 d@XV:ae  
  process 病程 gcdlT7F)b-  
  bone loss 骨质疏松 -f%'  
short-sighted (adj)近视 &#!4XOyB  
@?yX!_YC  
  3、传染病 !cO]<CWPq  
  (1) 感染源 9 ~]~#Uj  
  virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 <}<zgOT[1!  
  (2 )传染疾病 lku[dQdk  
  some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 PIu1+k.r?  
  influenza (简)flu 流感 ew#B [[  
  infection contagion 传染病 y(CS5v#FG  
  infectious diseases 传染病 [5G6VNh=  
  AIDS 艾滋病 5nT"rA  
  SARS K/i*w<aPb7  
  (3) 传染 ++6`sMJ  
  epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 (tIo:j  
  block the channel (v) jQ2Ot<  
  disseminate 传播 9N@W\DT  
cross infection 交叉感染 ]P.'>4  
`j,Yb]~s79  
  5 、疾病、病痛 ^@3sT,M,S  
  illness 2NC.Z;  
  sickness fZ0M%f  
  disease ,l !Ta "  
  ailment B8f8w)m  
suffering ';3{T:I  
; <&*rnH  
  6 、疾病的转归 06O2:5zF  
  (1 )疾病的恢复 uJzG|$;  
  recover recovery Y$Z x,  
  recuperate c 0,0`+2~  
  resume * @ 3Ag(  
  recruit &J[:awQX  
  reinstate jrr EAp  
  (2) 疾病的恶化 K^1oDP  
  deteriorate ;Lc Z`1  
  aggravate "I3@m%qv  
  exasperate B3We|oe!  
  make worse 1oR7iD^  
  worsen Q6PHpaj  
   NjVYLn<.r  
    7、其他相关词汇 C _'%N lJ'  
  outbreak and spending f(/lLgI(  
  break out (v) 疾病的爆发 8I lunJ  
  spread (v) 疾病的扩散  7''??X  
  the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 ns9U/ :L  
  taboo 禁忌 wxKX{Bs  
  speed up blood circulation (v) uGwm r  
  improve the cardiac functions (v) +O8%Hm  
  side effects 副反应 /)YNs7gR  
complain of 主述 :ci5r;^  
mk;&yh  
   fz|cnU  
(三)药物 >"^ O" E  
  1 、药物名称 ;Y 00TGU  
  medicine r(:5kC8K  
  drug i+A3~w5c  
  remedy ]^yFaTfS  
  medicinal herbs s3z$e+A8  
  power v:IpMU-+\  
  tablet &-;4.op  
pill N(; 1o.~  
BL0 {HV!  
  2 、药物用法 Z-^LKe  
  开药 : $mu^G t  
  prescribe some medicine for some diseases o*-)Tq8GHE  
  write out a proscription '}9x\ 3E  
  服药 U_Vs.M.p  
  take a medicine Yrb{ByO&  
  治…的疾病 3DzMB?I  
a remedy for some diseases >tYm+coS  
q3mJ782p]  
3 、其他相关词汇 gR&Q3jlIV  
  drug therapy 药物治疗 7S- ys+  
  side effects 副反应 v_<rNc,z-s  
  drug abuse 药物滥用  iJ-23_D  
  drugstore 药房 tClg*A;|B  
  over the counter 非处方药 !02`t4Zc-  
  drug allergy 药物过敏 ,`|3KE9  
  drug poisoning 药物中毒 /sUYU (3  
  prescription 处方 h`]Iy  
  expenses for medicine 药费 ?ME6+Z\  
  charges for medicine 35A|BD) q  
drug rebate 药品回扣 Cl5uS%g  
$ZUdT  
   PxTwPl  
(四)心理疾病 /'Ass(=6  
  1 、心理学专业词汇 \MsTB|Z  
  subhealth 亚健康 VEH&&@d  
  psychological benefits 心理健康 -Y1e8H ='  
  psychological problem 心理问题 (lXGmx8  
  psychological consultation 心理咨询 spGb!Y`mR  
  psychological obstacles 心理障碍 ?L5zC+c!  
  mental obstacles 心理障碍 Gk. ruQW"  
  psychological massage 心理按摩 e{h<g>7  
  psychology 心理学/ 心理 HeK/7IAqp  
  psychotherapy 心理治疗 7G:s2432  
psychological expert 心理专家 g9m-TkNk  
ySk R>y  
  2 、情绪词汇 5Iy|BRU(%  
  overcome aKV$pC<[o  
  disappoint ynmWW^dg  
  disappointed kj|6iG  
  shy , b1?#81  
  flush __lM7LFL  
  frustration d)B@x`  
  failure 4qN{n#{+]  
  willpower Eou~P h*t  
  optimism \(~y?l  
  optimistic o=u3&liBi  
  be sensitive to ^aIPN5CK  
  nervous +y,T4^{  
  tensional 1da@3xaF  
  sad agony pessimism pessimistic 2{M^,=^>  
  confident confidence V@\gS"Tu  
  stress pressure SIe="YG]<  
  depress depressed 68bQ;Dv  
  depression depressive =31"fS@  
   ,c$,!.r  
3 、疲劳相关词汇 he#J|p  
  fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary h-g+g#*  
   SEORSS  
(五)肥胖与营养 "lQ*1.i  
  1 、营养物质  ,t}vz 7  
  nutrient 营养素 909?_ v  
  protein 蛋白质 ~"dA~[r L  
  fat 脂肪 R FKtr  
  glucose 葡萄糖 X#d~zk[r2  
  vitamin 维生素 s.EI`*xylY  
  sugar 糖类 (VS5V31"  
  heat calories quantity of heat 热量 1m+p;T$  
  carbohydrate 碳水化合物 fz;iOjr>  
  soft drink beverage 软饮料 Wi>!{.}%A  
cholesterol胆固醇 g! cUF+  
R5"K]~  
  2 、营养与饮食 <wZQc  
  a well-balanced diet so PLA68  
  nutrition 营养 DvME 1]7)  
  nutritional 营养的 Xsa2(-  
CPgCjtY  
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 INUG*JC6  
hp8%.V$f  
1.       下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall Vw[6t>`  
2.       上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase Z.d 7U~_  
3.       禽流感 H1N1 flu /  bird flu / avian flu; A2^\q>_#  
4.       食品安全 food safety pa#d L!J  
5.       公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies za#s/b$[  
6.       应急反应 immediate response to ]e >RK'  
7.       .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU (]_1  
8.       城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system KiRUvWqa  
9.       预防保健disease prevention and health care ^Y<|F!0  
10.   服务体系service system A y'FS/=u>0  
11.   讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene "nm FzN  
12.   个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. J~%K_~Li  
13.   清淡的lite jxiC Kx,G  
14.   蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet Wf>zDW^"R  
15.   预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN 6`!Fv-  
16.   人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 ;`l'2 z@N  
17.   虫媒insect pollination; : m)   
18.   虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease CL)lq)1(  
19.   肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; wx\v:A  
20.   爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion 7uT:b!^f[  
21.   传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" Kh(ZU^{n  
22.   传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission tyfTU5"x  
23.   传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D iZPCNS"  
24.   污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate 0OT\"O~S[  
25.   福祉 well-being, happiness \I["2C]3M  
26.   衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s fR)m%m  
27.   每况愈下from bad to worse k4,BNJt'Z  
28.   相似的akin to=similar to IGS1|  
29.   脓的,化脓的purulent – vy_D >tp  
30.   脂肪肝fatty liver 4%2~ Wi8  
31.   血压 hypertension ; l&4V  
32.   肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon 4 SHU  
33.   亚健康 sub-health 8 xfy1pS.[:  
34.   过劳死death from overwork [ |fxA|/ s[<  
35.   长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 !_+8A/  
36.   养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health @ U kr  
37.   分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds gzBy?r> r  
38.   基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations Jg]'+>,J  
39.   基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle 2H/Z_+\  
40.   道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 BYO"u6  
41.   民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people "Vw m  
42.   合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent ( {1e%  
43.   死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from } X^|$  
44.   .归结为 boil down to;come down to e{X6i^% m_  
45.   归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to $&$w Y/F  
46.   归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to `W dD8E  
47.   大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive %FS$zOsgGK  
48.   大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak @g2 cC  
49.   表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly {cB+mh;mJ>  
50.   因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations <&&SX ;  
51.   孤立现象an isolated phenomenon L KCb_9  
52.   复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate p8kr/uMP ;  
53.   极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy f6_];]yP  
54.   低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances t~E<j+<2B  
55.   养老保险 endowment insurance e'*`.^  
56.   退休养老金retirement n Di@GY!  
57.   医疗改革health care reform {/X4(;~0  
58.   激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity :N<.?%Kf  
59.   月经期menstrual period S za:a)U^n  
60.   生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace ybeKiv9  
61.   婴幼儿保健the infant health care b+6"#/s  
62.   安乐死euthanasia uQ=^~K:Z~  
63.   得绝症的terminally ill 26dUA~|KJ  
64.   临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! !eAo  
65.   濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient *\wp?s>-t  
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. oT{@_U{*J  
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