一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 jr*A1y
*
(一)医疗、医院、医生 0+;.T1?
1 、医生 >6=yxCJ
① doctor, medical worker 9,82Uta
② physician 内科医生 !a~>;+
③ surgeon 外科医生 7}%3Aw6]S
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 t}qoIxy)
⑤ intern 实习医生 r=s,Ath
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 $oH?oD1
$9+}$lpPd
2 、医院 TWQf2
① hospital @GBS-iT3
The specialized hospital 专科医院 P@lExF*D1:
The general hospital 普通医院 X{9D fgW
The community hospital 社区医院 nDkyo>t
.
The public hospital 公立医院 a_L&*%;
The private hospital 私立医院 9|D!&=8
② clinc 门诊 j7xoe9;TxI
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 $s/N;E!t
③ ward 病房 4G;+ETp
④ medical team 医疗队 y)"aQJ>
LU?X|{z
3、 医疗手段 Ib*l{cxN
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 w[uK3A v
(2) medical treatment 医疗 fS>W-
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 ipQJn_:2
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis ?NGM<nK;7
(5) prevent (v) 预防 M+gQN}BAr
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | W% YJ.%I
(7) administrate a drug 给药 |<\o%89AM
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 k v,'9z
(9) TCM 中医 ua/A &XQx
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 mv/'H^"[_
(11) medical service 医疗服务 lf4-Ci*X
(12) complain of (v) 主述 yc8iT`
(13) health checkup 健康普查 8Focs p2
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 -;a}'1HOE
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ;
:UoZ`O~
>)=FS.?]
4 、医疗体制 "diF$Lj
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 WogJ~N,d53
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 BKP XXR
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 fJBp,{0
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 R+Dx#Wn I
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 8)s}>:}
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 0j %s
H
#K.OJJ
aG
5 、医德 mY*JNx
(1 )medical ethics 医德 wb~#=6Y
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 X`/8fag
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 nsIx5UA_n
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 Cp`)*P2
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 R*VRxQ,h6+
(6 )resolute 果断的 ,#W>E,UU
(7 )service quality 服务质量 btoye \rl
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people ~,3+]ts='\
.xo#rt9_"=
6 、病人 ;)].Dj9
(1 )patient d#xi_L!
(2 )the sick 0`VA}c
(3 )the invalid 1ml>
(4) sufferer '0|0rwx
}GI8p* ]o=
(二)疾病 g:
<2yT
1 、 患病的表达方式 UP]X,H~stU
⑴ suffer from (v ) whFaL}2C
(2) contract (v ) 1 ? be
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 7HfA{.|m
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 o&WKk5$
%z1y3I|`[t
2 、必知疾病名称 K`%{(^}.
heart disease 心脏病 f-]5ZhM'
hypertension 高血压 Igb@aGA
kidney problem 肾病 BuwJR
Ql.
stroke 中风 ?mM6[\DFoT
shock 休克 ]&;M78^6
the blood pressure 血压 F,F1Axf
diabetes 糖尿病 jbrx)9Z+%
obesity 肥胖 ZV,1IaO
terminal illness 绝症 vdS)
EIt
incurable illness 不治之症 b&iJui"7k
cancer 癌症 8y$c\Eu(mF
tumor 肿瘤 O\;R
(
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 @)hrj2Jw
emergency case 急症 i7 *cpNPO
serious illness 重症 m`3Mev
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 xW hi>
short breath 短气 wfE%` 1
syndrome 综合症 \@%sX24 D
complications 并发症 u=mJI*
process 病程 3J{hG(5
bone loss 骨质疏松 \Gzo^w
short-sighted (adj)近视 ^Ko{#qbl/
!uno!wUIYd
3、传染病 y%9Q]7&=
(1) 感染源 ZJ|@^^GcL
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 X*cf|g
(2 )传染疾病 9Ytd E*,k
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 `6t3D&.u0
influenza (简)flu 流感 .F*2]xj@"
infection contagion 传染病 %5zztReI
infectious diseases 传染病 Xc^7
AIDS 艾滋病 _`Abz2s
SARS 4]\t6,Cz8
(3) 传染 i"rrM1/r
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 Z_^v#FJ'l
block the channel (v) K7x,>
disseminate 传播 1qs~[7{C1
cross infection 交叉感染 L-ZJ[#D
\E'Nk$V3
5 、疾病、病痛 WAj26";M(
illness 'z#{'`$a
sickness jH*+\:UP-
disease X-Sso9/q.
ailment o(W|BD!
suffering u+]v.Mt
F:/R'0
6 、疾病的转归 t[6 g9 e$
(1 )疾病的恢复 i\S } aCm
recover recovery Av*R(d=`
recuperate 'aB0abr|
resume V*l0|,9
recruit ufdC'2cp8
reinstate DA
oOs}D
(2) 疾病的恶化 ]xfAdBi
deteriorate SaEe7eHd
aggravate L%a ni}V
exasperate E{r_CR+8
make worse {KL<Hx2M
worsen [pbX_
=~Jv*c
7、其他相关词汇 ',0~ \V
outbreak and spending #;H,`r
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 Bh*~I_T a>
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 G=3/PYp
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率
<uL?7P
taboo 禁忌 $BE^'5G&4Y
speed up blood circulation (v) #rV=!j||
improve the cardiac functions (v) _OcgD<
side effects 副反应 svyC(m)'
complain of 主述 ?9!tMRb
D{.%Dr?
%8$JL=c
(三)药物 jXi<ZJ
1 、药物名称 T|ZZkNP|6
medicine S97.O@V!$
drug :v{$]wg
remedy V.Xz
n
medicinal herbs ![abDT5![
power N>ct`a)BD/
tablet ZFW
}Vnl
pill q3NS?t!
?]9uHrdsN}
2 、药物用法 7U.g4x|<
开药 : D4'XBXmb
prescribe some medicine for some diseases i;)g0}x`
write out a proscription 'R]Z9h
服药 MqoQs{x
take a medicine $d8A_C
UU
治…的疾病 mH{cGu?
a remedy for some diseases G=nFs)z
[qZ4+xF,,
3 、其他相关词汇 ~36c0 =
drug therapy 药物治疗 @n
c!(P7_
side effects 副反应 rk. UW
drug abuse 药物滥用 RDqC$Gu
drugstore 药房 ,@!d%rL:4]
over the counter 非处方药 %@xYg{
drug allergy 药物过敏 GecXM Aa:2
drug poisoning 药物中毒 B0KM~cCPQP
prescription 处方 &qpA<F@7
expenses for medicine 药费 b,`\"'1
charges for medicine uf>w* [m5
drug rebate 药品回扣 3PEs$m9e
0=5i\*5 p
2?ednMoE
(四)心理疾病 DVS7N_cx2o
1 、心理学专业词汇 [<`+9R
subhealth 亚健康 'oEmbk8Hg
psychological benefits 心理健康 x('yBf
psychological problem 心理问题 =@z"k'Vl`
psychological consultation 心理咨询 BY d3 rI
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 Zk[#BUA
mental obstacles 心理障碍 `WT7w']NT
psychological massage 心理按摩 ?`XKaD!
f
psychology 心理学/ 心理 s^
a`=kO
psychotherapy 心理治疗 # 9t/j`{
psychological expert 心理专家 vKt_z@{{L
E$wB bm
2 、情绪词汇 u&Fm}/x
overcome 0{yx*}.
disappoint `jHGNi
disappointed WToAT;d2h
shy , j$^]WRt
flush -{h[W bf
frustration }0(
Na
failure 2YyZiOMSc
willpower >g&`g}xZQ
optimism $#r(1 Ev
optimistic IoA;q)
be sensitive to z@i4dC
nervous f#5JAR
tensional lI 1lP 1
sad agony pessimism pessimistic Sg-xm+iSDt
confident confidence 3p4?-Dd|_$
stress pressure u*{ _WL[(
depress depressed } Kt?0
depression depressive Bv8C_-lV/
nY)Pxahm 7
3 、疲劳相关词汇 F]YKYF'1I
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary E6:p
5H+k_U
(五)肥胖与营养 sE6J:m(
1 、营养物质 *a!!(cZZ
nutrient 营养素 aUK4{F ;
protein 蛋白质 ,rQ)TT
fat 脂肪 a}fClI-u
glucose 葡萄糖 4/?}xD|?
vitamin 维生素 S7{.liHf
sugar 糖类 8"mW!M
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 pm~;:#z7
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 NxO^VUD
soft drink beverage 软饮料 ?i2Wst
cholesterol胆固醇 8zDH<Gb
2,V+?'^j
2 、营养与饮食 yr
2L
a well-balanced diet 9,f<Nb(\
nutrition 营养 8sIA;r%S
nutritional 营养的 .*-w UBr
'z}M[h
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二、医学写作其他常用词汇 7[v@*/W@
5b1uD>,;y
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall $KWYe{#
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase w&yGYHg
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; .um&6Q=2<
4. 食品安全 food safety {&=qM!2e
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies OssR[$69
6. 应急反应 immediate response to \!JS
7!+
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU 0vuKGjK
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system =v4r M0m,
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care \}Ac
q;
10. 服务体系service system A 9#&W!f*qO|
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene /}$T38
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. xd|~+4
13. 清淡的lite K6v
$#{$6
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet f(6UL31
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN Q^lQi\[
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 Du^x=;
17. 虫媒insect pollination; 5:%..e`T
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease ESD<8OR
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; @A2/@]H Bm
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion B;GxfYj
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" =t3vbV
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission $N;"}Gz
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D 3>Q@r>c
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate =w^TcV
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness k,,!P""
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s Hz}+SAZ
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse G{kj}>kS_
28. 相似的akin to=similar to uxa=KM1H
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – Es'-wr\Hm
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver !8xKf*y
31. 血压 hypertension ,IIZX
l@
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon cMD RWh
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 umQi
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ v9%nau4
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 )xB$LJM8
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health 1"}B]5!
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds \n#]%X5c
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations PzjaCp'
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle * [tc
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 um;:fT+
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people R
N@^j
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent ~<n(y-P^
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from 9b
1?W?"
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to &vCeLh:s
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to kI%peb?
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to QU.0Elw
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive GuT6K}~|D
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak !\^jt%e&
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly XYe~G@Q Z
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations id^|\hDR
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon , 9mgY
p2
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate
CM9 XPr
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy !6H uFf
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances +{.780|
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance r|
f-_D
56. 退休养老金retirement n l-}KmZ]
57. 医疗改革health care reform C/G]v*MBQ
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity 9_ZBV{
59. 月经期menstrual period S BX[~%iE
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace Vr/Bu4V"
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care =A@>I0(7
62. 安乐死euthanasia ZIpD{ >/
63. 得绝症的terminally ill #6=MKpR
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! 19Ww3PvQ;
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient ZyI$M 3{J
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. |0sPka/u16