一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类
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(一)医疗、医院、医生 @V =
HY
1 、医生 $97EeE:{M
① doctor, medical worker XMlcY;W
② physician 内科医生 n?mV(? N
③ surgeon 外科医生 rO[ Zx'
a
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 ]@A31P4t|
⑤ intern 实习医生 ]k)h<)nY
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 v|
IG
G'r
'U*Kb
2 、医院 ]I:h4hgw
① hospital )-\[A<(
The specialized hospital 专科医院 ,V`[;~49
The general hospital 普通医院 P$
i d?
The community hospital 社区医院 >5M Hn@
The public hospital 公立医院 ^oXLk&d
The private hospital 私立医院 f9a_:]F
② clinc 门诊
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Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 +
0 |d2_]E
③ ward 病房 Sp\
7
④ medical team 医疗队 !b{7gUjyI
$E6b
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3、 医疗手段 bR}=bp4K
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 -+Gd <U$
(2) medical treatment 医疗 0u=FlQ
}h
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 JG* Lc@ Q
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis &uLC{Ik}
(5) prevent (v) 预防 fl*>m,
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | 2>'/!/+R
(7) administrate a drug 给药 "!z9UiA
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 ]vUTb9>{?
(9) TCM 中医 $zD}hO9
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 n+H);Dg<8
(11) medical service 医疗服务 VhX~sJ1%Gp
(12) complain of (v) 主述 G21cJi*
(13) health checkup 健康普查 ,_!MI+o0
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 S T25RJC
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; _
su$]s
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4 、医疗体制 ]x^v;r~
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 {3){f;b
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 U9%#(T$
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 D/TEx2.=J3
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 f) @-X!
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 ?)mM]2%%
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 K-,8~8[
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5 、医德 h?+bW'm
(1 )medical ethics 医德 '.1_anE]
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 yp\sJc`
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 -Gn0TA2/C
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 VtzX I2.2
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 ;.|).y1/`
(6 )resolute 果断的 7^*[ XH
(7 )service quality 服务质量 mQqv{1
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people 7<7
/NZ<I
EH~XN9b
6 、病人 t%Hy#z1W_
(1 )patient C3z#A3&J
(2 )the sick ?R8wm E[w
(3 )the invalid
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(4) sufferer k CVA~%d7
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(二)疾病 M73d^z
1 、 患病的表达方式
M qG`P
⑴ suffer from (v ) ^;gwD4(hs
(2) contract (v ) FatLc|[
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 WPu{
]<pl
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 "l.1 UB&
Q{"QpVY8
2 、必知疾病名称 C=uYX"
heart disease 心脏病 f!n0kXVu6U
hypertension 高血压 Ln
C5"
kidney problem 肾病 $bd2TVNV:
stroke 中风 4A@77#:J5
shock 休克 W]U},g8Z
the blood pressure 血压 \n`)>-
diabetes 糖尿病 : ZWKrnG
obesity 肥胖 H 6~6hg
terminal illness 绝症 "0edk"hk
incurable illness 不治之症 |A0)-sVZ
cancer 癌症 "-HmXw1+t
tumor 肿瘤 BJ,9C.|
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 @;K-@*k3
emergency case 急症 C~:@ETcbil
serious illness 重症 cEc_S42Z
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 K,'v{wSr
short breath 短气 HX&G
k
syndrome 综合症 y
+2
complications 并发症 g{d(4=FM
process 病程 *eLKD_D`!C
bone loss 骨质疏松 t6JM%
short-sighted (adj)近视 jqeR{yo&0b
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3、传染病 *`g'*R
(1) 感染源 yur5"$n
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 5zf bI
(2 )传染疾病 :fx^{N!T
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 AIU=56+I\
influenza (简)flu 流感 .4&pi
infection contagion 传染病 (<ZpT%2
infectious diseases 传染病 A$=h'!$
AIDS 艾滋病 XGCjB{IV
SARS q@(M
D3OE
(3) 传染 aB*'DDlx"r
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 TEN~3 Ef#
block the channel (v) t|jp]Vp
disseminate 传播 H,q-*Kk
cross infection 交叉感染 9m+ejTK{U
d"0=.sA
5 、疾病、病痛 N}\%r&KR=
illness Qt+i0xd
sickness ~cL)0/j}
disease aT_%G&.
ailment xMr=t
U1C
suffering r>;(\_@
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6 、疾病的转归 T jrz_o)
(1 )疾病的恢复 ZTg[}+0e
recover recovery mTU[khEmL=
recuperate zb,YYE1
resume m8Y>4:Nw
recruit "~:P-]`G
reinstate >v'@p
(2) 疾病的恶化 VoC|z Rd_
deteriorate U_C[9Z'P
aggravate dthtWnB@
exasperate Sah!|9
make worse .Mxt
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worsen >uP1k.z'I
rKkFflOVO
7、其他相关词汇 Pah*,
outbreak and spending ,X)/ T!ff
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 ^5q}M'
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 TdL/tg!
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 jP31K{G?
taboo 禁忌 },%,v2}
speed up blood circulation (v) *(o^w'5
improve the cardiac functions (v) [H=l#W@
side effects 副反应 i;<K
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complain of 主述 wpf
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(三)药物 p]Q(Z
1 、药物名称 =
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medicine SD .c9
drug >K
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remedy ]D@y""{--s
medicinal herbs 6#Bg99c
power ?jn";:
tablet {W%/?d9m
pill W:1GY#Pe
eo<=Q|nI&
2 、药物用法 X({R+
开药 : vqRW^>~-B
prescribe some medicine for some diseases fH 0&Wc3yC
write out a proscription `_E@cZ4
服药 T;pe7"
take a medicine 2rqYm6
治…的疾病 ol@LLT_m
a remedy for some diseases AUwIF/>F(]
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3 、其他相关词汇 !po29w:S
drug therapy 药物治疗 Zl7m:b2M
side effects 副反应 /;xmM2B'
drug abuse 药物滥用 [(/IV+
drugstore 药房 psAdYEGk!
over the counter 非处方药 ]y<<zQ_fhY
drug allergy 药物过敏 \bumB<w(]
drug poisoning 药物中毒 ntEf-x<
prescription 处方 C]D voJmBs
expenses for medicine 药费 }|4dEao\
charges for medicine EFS2 zU
drug rebate 药品回扣 @Xq3>KJ_)H
l} UOg
U#1,]a\
(四)心理疾病 $.-\2;U
1 、心理学专业词汇 gTwxmp.,
subhealth 亚健康 Oa|'wh ug
psychological benefits 心理健康 i-_ * 5%A
psychological problem 心理问题 >6"u{Qmr
psychological consultation 心理咨询 RNn5,W
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 1b-_![&]1
mental obstacles 心理障碍 tN
:PWj5
psychological massage 心理按摩 T?'Vb
psychology 心理学/ 心理 sy;_%,}N
psychotherapy 心理治疗 QL_9a,R'r
psychological expert 心理专家 GV T[)jS
v\:P_J
2 、情绪词汇 `@07n]KB
overcome mh=YrDU+L
disappoint 8RJ^e[?o(
disappointed L\Y4$e9bF8
shy , Uc?#E $X
flush >2w^dI2
frustration b
qNM
failure V
O=
o)H\
willpower qoXncdDHZ
optimism =~f\m:Y
optimistic F6\Hqv
be sensitive to W dNOE;R
nervous OEFALt
tensional M'D l_dx-
sad agony pessimism pessimistic ,=@%XMS
confident confidence Btgxzf
stress pressure Ghb Jty`
depress depressed shAoib?Kw:
depression depressive %P2l@}?a
*VP
jBzcH
3 、疲劳相关词汇 T
7bDt
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary rV0X*[]J>
RMvq\J}w!
(五)肥胖与营养 n+XLZf#
1 、营养物质 i=^!?
i
nutrient 营养素 /Q nq,`z
protein 蛋白质 &Q`{ Gk
fat 脂肪 5u89?-UD
glucose 葡萄糖 QU;bDNq,c
vitamin 维生素 y k{8O.g
sugar 糖类 ]9P2v X
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 ~stJO]) a
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 nR(v~_y[V
soft drink beverage 软饮料 5mYX#//:
cholesterol胆固醇 *
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Id}/(Pkq
2 、营养与饮食 k:QeZn(
a well-balanced diet "!w#E6gU
nutrition 营养 BH"OphE
nutritional 营养的 @/,:".
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二、医学写作其他常用词汇 <%iRa$i5
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1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall j"F?^0aR,Q
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase &pzf*|}
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; qeUT]*
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4. 食品安全 food safety 'EHtA9M
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies .sCj3sX*
6. 应急反应 immediate response to \'Q rJ ?D
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU !sG#3sUe[
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system dM=45$\q
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care (yb$h0HN
10. 服务体系service system A ,r8#-~A6,A
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene S54q?sb_
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. @ tvz9N
13. 清淡的lite ?XbM
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet zub"Ap3
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN ~ \]?5
nj
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 \(A
A|;
17. 虫媒insect pollination; ^B)f!HtU
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease ;,}Dh/&E
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; U4.$o]58
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion W#P`Y < u$
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" uOO\!Hqq
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission N[rAb*iT
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D eaAGlEW6J
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate f{.4#C'
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness -VeCX]
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s 0NeIQr1N_
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse
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28. 相似的akin to=similar to +Bf?3 5LP
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – h
8xcq#
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver uzI=.j
31. 血压 hypertension [l3ys
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon gBky ZK
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 UE{$hLI?g
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ WfD fj
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 !
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36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health oOLey!uZw
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds ae2Q^yLA
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations Q~tXT_
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle /)T~
(o|i
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 (6.uNLr
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people 1~'jC8&J
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent cGiL9|k
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from 6Cz
O
ztn
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to >MGWN
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to
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46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to Z,/K$;YWo
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive tEL9hZzI
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak #R{>@]x`
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly s(nT7x+W
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations ]q.%_
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon `0N7G c
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate a3>/B$pE
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy {BmqUoZrC
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances {g!
7K
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance Bl*}*S PU
56. 退休养老金retirement n %\v8FCb
57. 医疗改革health care reform Rh ^(91d
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity HMCLJ/
59. 月经期menstrual period S ~x^y5[5{
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace a(|6)w-
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care ~<?Zj
62. 安乐死euthanasia E=N$JM
63. 得绝症的terminally ill )A$"COM4
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! ?1D!%jfi
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient $Lr&V~
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. >UvP/rp