一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 D SX%SE)
(一)医疗、医院、医生 r^6@Zwox]
1 、医生 7>z {2D
① doctor, medical worker C7F\Y1Wj
② physician 内科医生 1Du5Z9AM
③ surgeon 外科医生 4!Radl3`
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 @k{q[6c2n
⑤ intern 实习医生 )PvnB=wy
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 $(gL#"T
cBqbbZyUk
2 、医院 `Kg!aN
① hospital $gnrd~v4e
The specialized hospital 专科医院 4
. c1
The general hospital 普通医院 >yKz8SV#
The community hospital 社区医院 0R? @JC
The public hospital 公立医院 Y=|p}>.}
The private hospital 私立医院 fZpi+I
② clinc 门诊 LU;zpXg\
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 cY5;~lO
③ ward 病房 F?tWx+N<{
④ medical team 医疗队 ,+IFV
_cJ)v/]
3、 医疗手段 5.ab/uk;M
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 UUDHknm"
(2) medical treatment 医疗 iJE:>qOTD5
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 .'A1Eoo0d
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis Z[w}PN,xV
(5) prevent (v) 预防 sgP{A}4 W
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | @Ol(:{<
(7) administrate a drug 给药 P<Bx1H-z-
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 /0qbRk i
(9) TCM 中医 riOaqV
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 )%S@l<%@?
(11) medical service 医疗服务 &-qQF`7
(12) complain of (v) 主述 >v, si].
(13) health checkup 健康普查 }\S'oC\[
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 [m{sl(Q
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; wH!$TAZ:Yw
mrRid}2
4 、医疗体制 J)n_u) ,
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 Dq~;h \='
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 UA*VqK)Y
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 Jn=;gtD-*
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 11"r FZ
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 Ws|`E`6O
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 gZ^Qt.6Z
N8pL2y:R[P
5 、医德 5z0VMt
(1 )medical ethics 医德 /a^
R$RHl'
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 tXtNK2-1
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 T 'c39
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 R`c[?U
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 s*la`(x
(6 )resolute 果断的 R6(:l;
W
(7 )service quality 服务质量 RV
V`
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people ="YGR:
gm)Uyr$
6 、病人 q 7%p3
(1 )patient T8A(W
(2 )the sick <EUR:
(3 )the invalid 8-x-?7
(4) sufferer z4SJxL
-:ucp2
(二)疾病 D`WRy}o
1 、 患病的表达方式 {7goYzQsi%
⑴ suffer from (v ) ,J|,wNDU!K
(2) contract (v ) [o#% Eg;
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 T3P9
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 V#dga5*]
r+Ki`HD%
2 、必知疾病名称 WChP,hw
heart disease 心脏病 )k,n}
hypertension 高血压 NV4g5)D&L
kidney problem 肾病 >l&]Ho
stroke 中风 GHGyeqNM
shock 休克 2HFn\kjj.s
the blood pressure 血压 v~Q'm1!O4\
diabetes 糖尿病 /J#(8p
obesity 肥胖 EhHxB
fAQ
terminal illness 绝症 <P
pvVDy3
incurable illness 不治之症 >lRZvf-i
cancer 癌症 R (~wSL*R>
tumor 肿瘤 . Ima
M
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 ZkbE&7Z
emergency case 急症 B`}um;T#~,
serious illness 重症 NGc~%0n
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 '{d@Gc6.
short breath 短气 p)IL(_X)
syndrome 综合症 QadguV6|
complications 并发症 lxhb)]c
^>
process 病程 lME>U_E
bone loss 骨质疏松 lxL5Rit@Px
short-sighted (adj)近视 .Fn|Okn^gr
W" 5nS =d%
3、传染病 OldOc5D
(1) 感染源 `$T$483/
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 >pU9}2fpT
(2 )传染疾病 !ZBtX
t#P
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 rpT.n-H>%A
influenza (简)flu 流感 /5ZX6YkeH
infection contagion 传染病 VPUVPq~
&
infectious diseases 传染病 &~,4$&_
AIDS 艾滋病 p-[WpY3
SARS ukWn@q*
(3) 传染 BN_h3|)
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 [oLV,O|s|j
block the channel (v) gF)9a_R%p
disseminate 传播 -R`{]7V
cross infection 交叉感染 YT\@fgBt
x;/LOa{LR
5 、疾病、病痛 P\jGySj
illness qLN\%}69/
sickness 7>E.0DP
disease ?%,NOX
ailment }s}g}t8v-
suffering f`9
Mcli!
ZitM<Qi&y
6 、疾病的转归 X]0>0=^
(1 )疾病的恢复 d
]P~
recover recovery "s+4!, k
recuperate 2xI|G
3U
resume `Fy-"Uf
recruit isQ(O
reinstate FwCb$yE#M
(2) 疾病的恶化 =*mT{q@
deteriorate 4QL>LK
aggravate OZ[ YB
exasperate G=zWhqieh
make worse +&EXTZ@o
worsen gAqK)@8-
a)qan
7、其他相关词汇 )-C3z
outbreak and spending P15
H[<:Fz
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 _fGTTw(
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 ]-fkmnmWX
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 ?^}30V:E
taboo 禁忌 Rj8%% G-pt
speed up blood circulation (v) 2eT?qCxqc
improve the cardiac functions (v) 'D\Q$q
side effects 副反应 (i1JRn-
f
complain of 主述 jlEz]@
i
N##`
Vz{+3vfra6
(三)药物 c0!.ei
1 、药物名称 U|(+-R8Z
medicine Qz
i?%&
drug FL0uY0K
remedy I.2J-pu}
medicinal herbs bF)G+IH
power d[
N1zQW
tablet *{o7G a
pill `?Rq44=
Yo-}uTkw
2 、药物用法 ZzT=m*tQ&
开药 : DL]tg[w{
prescribe some medicine for some diseases {h<D/:^v
write out a proscription {7o#Ve
服药 /r}L_w
I
take a medicine D7Q+w
治…的疾病 NE995;
a remedy for some diseases s?SspuV
/@os*c|je
3 、其他相关词汇 J
3!~e+wn
drug therapy 药物治疗 {4"V)9o-1>
side effects 副反应 ~z,o):q1}
drug abuse 药物滥用 6CJMQi,kn
drugstore 药房 `i7r]
over the counter 非处方药 k[=qx{Osx%
drug allergy 药物过敏 s-i|P
drug poisoning 药物中毒 V"FQVtTx7
prescription 处方 4s\spvJ
expenses for medicine 药费 }5 o?7}?
charges for medicine }D/+YG
drug rebate 药品回扣 ;C]Ufk
xNz(LZ.c
UHBXq;?&q
(四)心理疾病 w~'xZ?
1 、心理学专业词汇 *zfgO pK
subhealth 亚健康 h8rW"8Th
psychological benefits 心理健康 bbm\y] !t
psychological problem 心理问题 jX53 owZ
psychological consultation 心理咨询 I[z:;4W}L^
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 f~IJ4T2#N
mental obstacles 心理障碍 e3~MU6
psychological massage 心理按摩 8\"<t/_
W
psychology 心理学/ 心理 OATdmHW
psychotherapy 心理治疗 ?u|??z%
psychological expert 心理专家 VK}4<u
rTD +7
)E
2 、情绪词汇 gLiJ&H
overcome '3.\+^3
disappoint nD
wh
disappointed j50vPV8m
shy , nF3}wCe)
flush &(F
c .3m
frustration =]5tYIU
failure fv+]iK<{
willpower *dBy<d
Iy
optimism y]9R#\P/
optimistic XqH@3Ehk
be sensitive to kUT2/3Vi
nervous Xr*I`BJ
tensional !pU$'1D
sad agony pessimism pessimistic qpQ;,8X-"
confident confidence :;?$5h*|`
stress pressure 2D\pt
depress depressed /ViY:-8s
depression depressive +{UY9_~\3
XM'tIE+|
3 、疲劳相关词汇 m^X51,+<
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary n,I3\l9
%9-^,og
(五)肥胖与营养 {!,K[QwcI
1 、营养物质 KsDS!O
nutrient 营养素 ?kjQ_K
protein 蛋白质 j^G=9r[,
fat 脂肪 yT^x0?U
glucose 葡萄糖 "Eh=@?]S_
vitamin 维生素 S-t#d7'B
sugar 糖类 eORXyh\K
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 v,4{:y]p
carbohydrate 碳水化合物
>Kgw2,y+
soft drink beverage 软饮料
CKAd\L
cholesterol胆固醇 EQ%o oAb8
^ h=QpH
2 、营养与饮食 ch
i=]*9
a well-balanced diet "@ >6<(Ki
nutrition 营养 xGs}hVlZiC
nutritional 营养的 17hoX4T
s'HsLe0|
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 PV68d; $:8
o78u>O y
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall Ny^ 1#R
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase %QP[/5vQ
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; N{J
1C6
4. 食品安全 food safety !Asncc G
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies D
e&,^"%
6. 应急反应 immediate response to (MGgr
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU Hq.rG-,p
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system vF\>;pcT
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care ,gV#x7IW
10. 服务体系service system A .W]k8N E
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene BN*:*cmUl
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. HT<p=o'$Z
13. 清淡的lite mTe3%( LD
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet 6Bq_<3P_
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN !MoAga_
j
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 BU -;P
17. 虫媒insect pollination; gIo\^ktW
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease =3-=p&*
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; kf@JEcKV
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion "Enb
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" KV0*dB;
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission ebA95v`Vms
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D X
}( s(6
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate U["0B8
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness x2v0cR"KL
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s $;5Q
mKQ'
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse EE9w^.3a
28. 相似的akin to=similar to Kq[4I[+R
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – puPI^6y%
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver )tG. 9"<
31. 血压 hypertension Pd7\Q]of
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon Q6m8N
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 3(e_2v
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ hs7!S+[.$$
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 g8O6
b
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health aL1%BGlmZ<
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds 1$b@C-B@g
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations 1.14tS-}[4
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle Qvp"gut)%X
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 zRna=h!
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people cWAw-
E5
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent 0&s6PS%
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from |aDBp
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to (;#c[eKy
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to ?xR7Ii3
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to u"h/ERCa
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive t5{P'v9J
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak l~E~! MR
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly b`X
''6
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations <>6j>w_|
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon nJe}U#
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate x3ZF6)@
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy <UGaIb
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances BpIyw
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance H9)@q3<
56. 退休养老金retirement n C
@
XS
57. 医疗改革health care reform wqo:gW_
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity /x49!8
59. 月经期menstrual period S poBeEpbs
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace WJq>%<#
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care F
CYGXtc
62. 安乐死euthanasia -+ByK#<%
63. 得绝症的terminally ill vh\i ^
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! nkHl;;WJ
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient R&|.Lvmc/
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. :9QU\{2