博士生考试基础词汇汇总 fS'` 9
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. 9k9}57m.i
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay j7I?K
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desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up h~%8p
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) ]T5\LNyN
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay _XT
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. #Ddo` >`&
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with 3 TV4|&W;
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. ]d{lS&PRlg
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with ;U a48pSv
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game w4Hq|N1-Y
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. G|t0no\f
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 6h&t%T
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand M djxTr^
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) t1yfSStp
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to ,|#biT-<T
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently |h/{qpsu
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind ^,
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Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement )@tHS-Jf
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) p7izy$Wc
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure ;V f{3
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active He is very active in politics. Pv)^L
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic L0{[L
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. ^e$!19g
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit [yc7F0Aw
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) #2Vq
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. gg#lI|
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) U1rr=h
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. #3RElI
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample 6V6Mo}QF
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. *.D{d0A
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns E]a;Ydf~
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Aim His aim is to win the game. '*@=SM
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination S<i.O
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. YV>&v.x0;
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up U 17=/E
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang XgeUS;qtta
Figure/digit/measure *M>~$h7
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. ![]6| G&
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon O CCC' k
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. +;oR_]l
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up `/i/AZ{
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. VuK>lY&
sum/measure/quantity/price/value o>
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect !
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/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment =n@\m<
theory/outlook N6A|
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. q$ j
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. dAOJ:
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expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for Lso%1M
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all oBo |eRIt|
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. :vaVghN\
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain tk:G6Bkid
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. 5HY0 *\
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. Q0ba;KPm
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition [ThAvQ_$
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. "Rtt~["%
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor yDRi
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg :6o|6MC!
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. w2lO[o~x}
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. slP>;
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove O+[s4]
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of L{&Yh|}
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. L2%D$!9
Riseraise rouse arouse arise 7fl{<uf
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up Gj[5ew?@
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. {)Shc;Qh
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ,,7hVw
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. &78lep
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. ^_W] @m2
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate {L7+lz
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. (''w$qq"D
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted 4C*0MV
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assure I can assure you of my support. J\J3'u
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise 9eR";Wm])
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. Q"3gvIyc
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete [EK^0g
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe S5YEz
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. b%0@nu4
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from Rv.IHSQUo
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. Mf7
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Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct QC6QqcOX
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale ",aEN=+|hV
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. @CoUFdbz
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. Y)#,6\=U
ground foundation ]K%d
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. 5@pLGMHT
As soon as before the second the minute the moment ^/xb-tuV
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. ~ftR:F|9
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. 4ti,R'
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn rX)_!mR
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals }FX:sa?5
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team fwa*|y;
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off :8N{;aui
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boom Production boomed. rqKK89fD'
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper AKS. XW
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short M<Y{Cs
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Weare bound for London. Head make `7.$
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Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to qa4j>;
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction H|'n|\{lt
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) 6=*n$l#}
Theyhave called off their engagement. #IJ6pg>K
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. ,pUB[w\
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful ']Z%6_WF
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Weshould not doubt his capability. =dp`4N
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency *q@3yB}
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. f?(g5o*2
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation Fz5eCe\B
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. 6p.y
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Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process y!|4]/G]?t
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition gj&5>brP
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center She centered her attention on the problem. =>O{hT^F
Focus concentrate fix |`+ (O
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. 'vKae
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment 7lr;S(C
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. q77Iq0VR
flexible changeable changing
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. 4I.)>+8V
Selection/preference/option/alternative ]jR-<l8I-
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. g9IIC5
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. ~N)(|N
Stick adhere hold grasp V3/OKI\o
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. gA 19f
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. dE3M
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. YDgG2hT/2
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key 6HH:K0j3'
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. vJ;0%;eu[!
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join khQfLA
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark 9|K:\!7
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark Q{~;4+ZD
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate 9rM#w"E?<
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast %B\VY+
Poetshave compared sleep to death. V)ITk\
Sheis lovely beyond compare. @J6V,
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. 6?/f$,v
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. )1<GSr9
Comparable/comparative 6hHMxS^o
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. HrR
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Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt ,X\qlT5C
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Hehas formed a good habit. A|m0.'/
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build %htwq ]rZd
Assemble/manufacture/produce V7k!;0u
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required +t(Gt0+
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. mzf^`/NO
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise PE6ZzxR|U<
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comprehensive/Comprehensible o9Tsyjbj
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. Mp@dts/|
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware 8P}
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. pc;`Fz/`7
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic B06W(y,3Q>
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful ZD4:'m`T/
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. k%;oc$0G-3
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel ~@"H\):
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. .F0Q<s9
continuously vs continually } ;d=
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express UDlM?r:f
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. >|1-o;UU
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with { ^R>H|~
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correspond k:z)Sw
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. U(hIT9
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. GGsAisF"N
Matter be of importance significant ./CDW
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. {v2[x W
believe depended count confide rely depend bank q<cxmo0S
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. MSe>1L2=
Crucial urgent pressing decisive UW{C`^?=B
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic |W5lhx0U
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. EnEaUb?P
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break S>d7q
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Itis not my custom to give in. lN*"?%<x>
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature A$l
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. l7(p~+o?h>
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress !#S"[q
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish P8 R^46
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. QM
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Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce p@wtT"Y
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. vQ>8>V
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. $
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent .~|[*
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. uC2qP)m,^
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover 2c3/iYCKP
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. |oR#j
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Demand/require/callfor bUc++M
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. x#t?`
refuse decline rejects turn down sfsK[c5bm
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. )a$sx}
Thestorms are dying down. /.(F\2+A
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. )Zrn?KM
Themembers of the family had all died off. pMkM@OH
Thisspecies has died out. v
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Canyou describe what he looks like? f_IsY+@
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell z/i&Lpr:
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. }jYVB|2
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious H
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. J$,bsMIX
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous [\=1|t5n~
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. (1%A@4
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ {ApjOIxk
throwaway/cast off/get rid of gVs@T'
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. ne=CN!=
Herwritings display natural talents. j_SUR)5
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present aX.//T:':?
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. m5cRHo<9Y
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar B9]bv]
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. .v['INK9
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct ^(7Qz&q
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. l_P90zm39!
distinguish tell separate divide k!d<2Qp W
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. [$Jsel<T=
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized
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/prominent/important/superior fD%20P`.
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. yn.[-
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold 1eI_F8I U
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive J@qLBe(v
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. 5i%\m
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray c~!ETwpHQ
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. z</^qy
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull hd)WdGJp
draw pull drag push heave lift haul M%7|7V<o)^
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing c!mMH~#
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Shedrove her car into the forest. So4#n7
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride lLI%J>b@
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage 7t+H94KG7
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop XY<KLO%
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. N]&hw&R{Q
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong 38%"#T3#
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Itis your duty to go. 15MKV=?oY
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role .I%B$eH
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort Hro)m"
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable S`vw<u4t
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. .ZM0
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economic/economical/economy IEWl
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Hewent to a very good elementary school.
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Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive }xY|z"&
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. %h
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Theacid has no effect on the metal. 'Z nJdj
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. muO;g&
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. ,QLy}=N
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. Ad4-aWH
effect force power practice Ld=6'C8ud
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. z]j_,3Hff
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire 4ZB]n,pfT
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. $=Tq<W*c
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. ~u r}6T
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. !X=93%
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. M*dou_Q
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. $[b1_Db
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. (>dL
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. T? ,Q=.
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. OO;I^`Yn
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. =E&1e;_xlE
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. ,;yaYF6|/
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower I!.-}]k
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. TaZlfe5z
equip provide N
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive RR>G}u9np
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. lsVg'k/Z!
exert practice exercise impose avail U"K%ip:Wd
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. ),0Ea~LB4
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent ZMch2 U8
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come i.+#a2
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Devotionis essential for work. QB7^8O!<
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable {|tMN,Z
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent 5I5#LQv0
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Nothingis everlasting. CePI{`&,
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood ,
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. E\~!E20^
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify h>n<5{zqM
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. S&~;l/
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark PL*kjrLu7
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? X6o
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Inthe favor m H&WoL<K
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous S d]`)
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. CGCSfoS9f
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot (k>I!Z/&2
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. EP]O J$6I
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. qISzn04
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. #jX%nqMxW
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders 3AarRQWsn
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. j*@EJ"Gm>
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant m*H6\on:
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. OwG:+T_
Understand comprehend catch on get I=wA)Bli1p
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. [}=/?(5
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout @`#"6y?
/handout/turn in 9/R<,
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. BJ7m3[lz
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent ~:lN("9OI
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Theygrouped together in fours. b>"=kN/
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate 5K %
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter ]{'lV~fc
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across F
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Hernew film is quite a hit. success {`CmE/`{
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect by%k*y
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. ^zVBS7`J
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits.
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Shealways holds to her convictions. Rt10:9Kz$
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. QnNddCiu=
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. .~Z@y#
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. `j
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A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up "vG~2J
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as b
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Ifonly I were rich! '
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Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. my^2}>wi
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Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. *n h.&Mv|
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Itwas he that initiated this project. #fR~7K R
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice 4]$$ar)
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. ^7
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(excitement initiative motive entertainment) +Y
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Weare in for trouble. pNzSy"Y$
Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. )KPQ8y!d
Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. Z-D4~?Tv
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attraction temptation )S41N^j.
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thought On second thoughts, I am inclined to agreewith you. p5RnFe l
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trade he traded in his car for a new model. SZVNu*G!H
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. iSP}kM}