博士生考试基础词汇汇总 )BM
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. d}^:E
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay ttJ:[ R'
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up ;d'O. i=
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) NnSI)*%'
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay p-i]l.mT5
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. ZLFdnC@
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with tz \:r>3vI
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. SieV%T0t1
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with V
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pZ|nn
Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. U Y?]\4Om
Way/approach/solution/answer/ cDh4@V
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand A`ertSlbhe
Ok.DSOT
Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) CSg5i&A=
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to `OpC-Z&
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently 9!/1F !
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind x_^OS"h-
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement Nv$gKC6 ,G
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) Vm%ux>}
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure {
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active He is very active in politics. 5O;oo@A:[
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic 4O,a`:d1$6
LYo7?rp
adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. q8yJW-GA
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit /r 2.j3:l
w5JC 2
accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) FXwK9
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. :usBeho
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) we).8%)'
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. |N3CoB
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample ?fX8WRdh
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. dM;WG;8e
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns YVV $g-D}
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Aim His aim is to win the game. <cc0 phr
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination D`@U[ `Sw
*bC^X'
Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. ?4||L8j2^
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up [5d][1=
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang !oRm.cO
Figure/digit/measure =ZL}Av}
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. H<Taf%JT
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon 1VsEic
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. u1Yp5jp^K
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up f
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. lfG's'U-z
sum/measure/quantity/price/value =KD*+.'\/
-$ft `Ih
angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect + # >%bq x
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment T#f@8 -XUE
theory/outlook ><7`$ 2Or
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. K)@Buu&,p
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown {G&g+9c&
dEL"(e#0s4
anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. %lmRe(M
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for jG :R\D}0
c!T{|'?
anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all { "c,P:S]
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. dfcG'+RU}
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain v a;wQ~&
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. Q.
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Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. z+I-3v
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition _O<{H '4NO
Fgk/Ph3r
Hewas appointed member of the committee. [9^e
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Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor BI]t}7
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg A-$BB=Ot
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. ]0le=Ee^%
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. GAlO<Mu
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove {IvCe0`
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of W
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. !c7Od
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Riseraise rouse arouse arise *?+!(E
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up Z5=!R$4
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. x{}m)2[ Y
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating DI7trR`
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. 9[*kpMC
7>LhXC
acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. PhS"tOGtX
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. ?8 F7BS4oQ
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted /Kvb$]F+!
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assure I can assure you of my support. *)1,W+A5L
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise r/e&}!
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. BhjXNf9[
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete |]Xw1.S.L
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe -~q]0>
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. ;,1i,?
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from -|lnJg4
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. X%dOkHarB
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct a
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale }oG&zw
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. X DX_c@U
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. (<CLftQKg
ground foundation r?Vob}'Pt]
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. =p"0G %+%
As soon as before the second the minute the moment 'e*C^(6
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. |] YT6-?.
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. |'.SOm9)*
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn +a|4XyN
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals Ort\J~O
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team xQ[YQ!l
v<)
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off qg O)@B+
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boom Production boomed. mVkn~LD:0
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper u/zC$L3B(
~t}:vGD j
brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short _Sg2
9qFK
yZ 9 *oDs
Weare bound for London. Head make UYPBKf]A9
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to Li'T{0)1)
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction 7Ct m({I-
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) e\h:==f
Theyhave called off their engagement. eQc!@*:8U
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. iZ:-V8{
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful +LyhF2
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Weshould not doubt his capability. X#o:-FKf
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency
$^l=#tV
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. lz( 9pz
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation nQ+{1 C
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. 5
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Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process ^TjFR*S'E
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition qg|+BIiUz
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center She centered her attention on the problem. r=k}EP&<
Focus concentrate fix s.~SV"
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. 6nwO:?1o9
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment nMnc&8r
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. Ns $PS\
flexible changeable changing /t/q$X
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. RS1
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Selection/preference/option/alternative ~%
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Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. 8sg *qQ
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. Xnh1pwDhe<
Stick adhere hold grasp `Ctj]t
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. OU+*@2")t
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. v+OVZDf
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. {\
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Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. M~6I-HexT|
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join usA!MMH4
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark h(L5MZs
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark 7Av]f3
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate ?,NAihN]
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast ka*UyW}
Poetshave compared sleep to death. . ~<
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Sheis lovely beyond compare. :wZZ 1qa
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. I?"5i8E
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. {
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Comparable/comparative #q- _
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. @oEDtN
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt PG!vn@b6
iCS/~[
Hehas formed a good habit. =Vs<DO{|4q
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build Ba6xkEd
Assemble/manufacture/produce cF2/}m]
3(%,2
Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required +[ zo2lBx
gm DC,"Y<
composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. O^#u%/
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise zMKL: Um"
ooQ( bF
comprehensive/Comprehensible .yPx'_e
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. H~Cfni;
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware BE~[%6T7
B
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard.
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Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic 6K}=K?3Z
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful w C"%b#(}
F S:WbFmc
contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil.
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Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel \`ReZu$
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. ]||=<!^kn
continuously vs continually @g
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express 99K+7G\{
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. sdQv:nd'R
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with VWt'Kx"
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correspond 0h4}RmS
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. Bw.&3efd
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. R"`{E,yj
Matter be of importance significant N1~$ +
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. !U:s.^{
believe depended count confide rely depend bank r:4IKuTR
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. F
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Crucial urgent pressing decisive yMl'1W
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic i0Q
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. es+_]:7B9
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break z.&%>%TPP
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Itis not my custom to give in. oh0|2IrM
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature zB"
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. IC.<)I
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress cqL7dlhIl
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish IPi<sE
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. ^.kAZSgO
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce VfqY_NmgC
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. emY5xZ
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Shewas deeply interested in classical music. s8Ry}{
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent _q$LrAT
p $1Rgm\
deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. NU&
^7[!yl
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover *tfDXQ^mN
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. 1;:t~Y
Demand/require/callfor M|5]#2J_2
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. x #X#V\w=
refuse decline rejects turn down |;U=YRi
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. lc3
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Thestorms are dying down. O`[iz/7m
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. Pm#x?1rAj
Themembers of the family had all died off. AJ?}Hel[0
Thisspecies has died out. @>#{WI:"~
Ld}(*-1i
Canyou describe what he looks like? `mKlv~$1^
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell aEEz4,x_
3:~l2KIP4
Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. f05"3L:
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious }}``~
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. _<%\h?W$
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous VM!-I8t
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. bQXc IIa{
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ 8_<&f%/
throwaway/cast off/get rid of Sqdc1zC
@[5_C?2
display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. |B%BwE
Herwritings display natural talents. Y/^[qD
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present CQBT::
tKG;k"wk
distinct Mice are distinct form rats. b(|%Gbg@c
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar )BF \!sTn
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. Dm|gSv8d,
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct `jb0+{08
TV1e
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. v:veV. y
distinguish tell separate divide ;OQ'B=
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Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. G}=`VYK
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized *Nvy+V
/prominent/important/superior rPiiC/T.`
*D=K{bUe'
Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. }.fL$,7a
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold D
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive (MgL"8TS
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. tXf}jU}
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray ; @7
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. (oLpnjJ(,
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull F1 <489
draw pull drag push heave lift haul H/^~<U#p
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing ?*CRa$_I|
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Shedrove her car into the forest. 2-8YSHlh
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride }Q`/K;yq
#C"7
l6'a
Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage C}Rs[
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop K{|w 43>D
k|^vCZ<(x
Theshoes are expensive but durable. zXQVUhL6
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong Mx^y>\X)v
US
E [N
Itis your duty to go. cE^kpnVq|<
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role vB Sm=M
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort +VwV5iy[`
DD2a
du^
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable 7Aqn[1{_O
s5Pq$<
Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. M#ZT2~+CT
economic/economical/economy <BZ_ (H
Ny[QT*nV
Hewent to a very good elementary school. jz|VF,l
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive P2O\!'aEh
bdCykG-
Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. ya#RII']
Theacid has no effect on the metal. z3clUtC+
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. ^#2xQ5h
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. `4_c0q)N4
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. 3] N q@t
effect force power practice X|,["Az
8
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination.
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Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire )u<eO FI+
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. 00"CC
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. oI*d/*
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. sp^Wo7&g
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. l(#1mY5!q8
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. '(tj[&aL
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. w#sq'vo4%
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. W8y$Ve8m
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. ![
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Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. wE?CvL
Q<1L`_.>
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. 7 I@";d8~
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower X{`1:c'x
=PZWS&(L
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. _H8*ReFG
equip provide Xo\S9,s{
VtWT{y5Ec
Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive :G#KB'
(vnoP< 0
Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. *!w25t
exert practice exercise impose avail TtZ}"MPZ
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. eIJ[0c b}
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent N}DL(-SQ3
85D? dgV
He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come y6FKg)
Gc'M[9Mh
Devotionis essential for work. AuXs B
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable +(&|u q^
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent U<rI!!#9
L#2ZMy
Nothingis everlasting. KUFz:&wK
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood XXm'6xD-
ot }6D
Thebird extended its wings in flight. 03_pwB)^
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify = ^s$
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. Oyan9~
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark kC`Rd:5
jkt6/H
Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? i?-Y
Inthe favor r]T0+ oQ>
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous :j,}{)5=
o(fy d)t
Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. Sc_5FX\Yx
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot x<>YUw8`
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. NzlAC
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. R6P\T\~E
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. $r15gfne>
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders }#/lN
zJCEA
There are fine distinctions between thetwo. VB"(9O]
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant JC2*$qu J
FN\GE\H
Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. "dtlME{Bx
Understand comprehend catch on get IaasHo\
m\-PU z&C
Hegave a gift for my birthday. zPE$
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout {[^#h|U
/handout/turn in +t"j-}xzE
A[JM4x
Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. niWx^gKb$
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent xS+rHC
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Theygrouped together in fours. 9rcI+q=E
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate U^ ?=
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter GOVAb'
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across hQ';{5IKvC
Hernew film is quite a hit. success ~gdd cTp
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect `{}@@]
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. a
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Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. JXm?2/
Shealways holds to her convictions. fA^SD"xf
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. # ZTLrq5b
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. j04/[V)
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. MGybGbd
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up aD|Yo
p;`N\.ld
identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as D]u=PqHk2
sykFSPy`'
Ifonly I were rich! @?a4i
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. bl.E
IyG>
B.K4!/cF
Immoralvs amoral nh;y:Bi
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. kzi|$Gs<