2017考博英语翻译模拟试题及答案

考博英语翻译部分看起来简单，其实很容易失分，英译汉是肯定不可以直译的需要直译意译互动原则;汉译英则需要意译法以求信、达和地道。freekaobo整理了2017考博英语翻译平日练习并给出了答案希望考生们根据译文揣摩练习。 ]Wd `GI  
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As early as 100 years ago，studying abroad was seenas a strategy to strengthen the nationalpower.Now，more and more students crave forstudying abroad.Students nowadays are a bitaimless and casual when craving for studyingabroad, which leads to many problems like exhausting all the savings of their family,wastingtheir youths but ending up by giving up halfway and even becoming trouble-makingstudents”with many bad habits.It's better not follow the current craze of studying abroadblindly and it's most important to choose the direction fit for oneself,for“one can perform wellin any field”. MAe<.DHY  
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　　参考翻译： 4ZJT[zi  
　　早在100年前，出国留学就被视为一种强国之策。直至今日，越来越多的学生热衷于出国留学。但当下风行的留学热，掺杂着一定的盲目性和随意性，从而导致很多问题的发生，如许多留学生花掉家中积蓄，搭上个人青春，到头来却是半途而废，有的甚至成为恶习缠身的“问题学生。”最好不要盲目地跟随当前的这股出国留学热，选择适合自己的发展方向才是最重要的，因为“三百六十行，行行出状元”。 I0w@ S7  
　　1.被视为:可译为be seen as或be regarded as,beconsidered as等。 vN,}
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　　2.越来越多的:除了用more and more翻译以外，还可以用an increasing number of。  >!Ap/{2  
   3.留学热:可译为craze of studying abroad。其中craze意为“狂热”。 ))IgB).3M  
　　4.恶习缠身的“问题学生”:可译为“trouble-making students”with many bad habits。 5.最好不要盲目跟随„:可译为It's better not follow...blindly。 foz5D9sQ  

　【政府改革】 ST:
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　　We are also keenly aware that there are still quite afew shortcomings in the government's work.Self-reform and transfromation of government arebehind schedule,there are still too many itemsrequiring administrative approval,and socialmanagement and public services are inadequate.Theresponsibilities of some departments are not clearly defined,making effective coordinationdifficult;some management practices are backward;and productivity is low.Some problemsaffecting the vital interests of the people have still not been fundamentally solved.Somegovernment employees are not conscientious enough about performing their duties inaccordance with the law.The problems of formalism,bureaucracy,dishonesty,extravaganceand waste are relatively severe.Corruption is serious in some localities,departments andorganizations. s3Krob`C5  
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　　参考翻译 })zB".  
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　　主要是：就业压力巨大;经济结构不合理，产业技术水平低，第三产业发展滞后;投资率持续偏高，消费率偏低;经济增长方式粗放，资源约束和环境压力加大。特别是制约经济社会健康发展的体制性机制性问题仍很突出。我们也清醒地看到，政府工作还存在不少的缺点。政府自身改革和职能转变滞后，行政审批事项仍然过多，社会管理和公共服务的职能比较薄弱。一些部门之间职责不清、协调不力、管理方式落后、办事效率不高。有些关系群众利益的问题还没有得到根本解决。有些政府工作人员依法行政的观念不强，形式主义、官僚主义、弄虚作假和奢侈浪费的问题比较突出。腐败现象在一些地方、部门和单位比较严重。 ?GUz?'d  

【杜绝"到此一游】 hl6,#2$  
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　　Dao ci yi you means someone once visited aplace.Recently,a photo on the Internet drew people'sclose attention which showed“Ding Jinhao dao ci yiyou”in Chinese characters carved on a relic inEgypt.The incident attracted wide spread attentionvia social media and stimulated public anger at the shameful behavior of this Chinesetourist.Besides Ding,there are many other tourists who have defaced historical interests, ormisbehaved by cutting in line,littering and making loud noises at tourist attractions.TheChinese National Tourism Administration calls on tourists to pay attention to their behavior.Butcriticizing bad behavior and promoting good norms should not be just lip service.To raisetourists'civilization to a higher level requires long-term efforts devoted to public and familyeducation and also legislation. ;Cr_NP[8|j  
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　　参考翻译 HA^jk%53  
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　　“到此一游(dao ci yi you)”是指有人到过某地(游玩)。近期，网上的—张图片引起了人们的密切关注，图片显示，埃及的一处遗迹(relic)被刻上了“丁锦昊到此一游”。这一事件在社交媒体上受到广泛关注，该中国游客的可耻行为一时激起了公愤。此外，还有很多其他游客或损坏历史遗迹表面，或在旅游景点插队、乱丢垃圾、大声喧哗。中国国家旅游局(The Chinese National Tourism Administration)呼吁游客注意自己的行为。但是批评不良行为、推行良好规范不应该只是说说而已。提髙游客的文明程度需要长期的努力，开展公共教育、家庭教育并推进立法。 6keP'
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　　1.到此一游:音译为Dao ci yi you是合理的，因为整篇文章讲述的都是出现在中国人中的一种现象，所以最好保留汉语拼音。 ?ID* /u|X  
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　　2.引起了人们的密切关注:可译为draw people's closeattention。 n0rerI[R  
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　　3.该中国游客的可耻行为一时激起了公愤:“可耻行为”可译为shameful behaviour;“激起了公愤”可译为stimulatepublic anger。 *.kj]BoO  
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　　3.损坏历史遗迹表面:可译为deface historical interests。deface意为“损坏…的外表”。 jd ["eI  
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　　4.插队、乱丢垃圾、大声喧哗:可译为misbehaved by cutting in line,littering and making loudnoises。此处用misbehaved处理显得很灵活，因为这三种都是不良行为，增添这个词使得逻辑更为清晰。cutin line意为“插队，加塞”，litter 意为“乱丢，乱扔”。 !Oeq G  
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　　6.不应该只是说说而已:可译为should not be just lip service。其中lip service意为“空口应酬的话”。 [ 3$.*   

【汉语热】 /VRUz++K  
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　　Chinese language craze refers to the phenomenonthat a growing number of foreigners start to learnChinese. The number of Chinese learners increasesrapidly in many countries. According to statistics,more than 3000 institutions of higher education in109 countries are offering courses on Chinese language. A survey indicates that they learnChinese for the main purposes of traveling in China, engaging in trade activities and knowingChina and the Chinese culture. The underlying reasons for this craze lie in the rapiddevelopment of China's economy, which enhances the international status and the influence ofChina. This global Chinese language craze conveys a message that people around the world areeager to know the Chinese culture. tY{; U#9  
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　　参考翻译: |kId8WtA  
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　　汉语热指近年来越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语的现象。在很多国家，学汉语的人数在迅速增长。据统计，全世界已有109个国家、3000多所高等学校开设了汉语课程。一项调查显示,他们学习汉语的主要目的是去中国旅游、从事贸易活动、了解中国和中国文化。汉语热背后的原因是中国经济的飞速发展，它使中国的国际地位和影响力得到了提升。全球“汉语热”传达了世界各国人民渴望了解中国文化的信息。 p?Z(rCp  

　【低碳生活】 HCJ;&C73&  
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　　As a lifestyle with low energy, low consumption andlow expenditure, low-carbon life advocates thatpeople should reduce the emission of carbon dioxidein daily life. It requires that the activities betweenman and nature should be conducted in a healthier,safer and more natural manner. Nowadays, the fashion prevails gradually in some large cities ofChina, altering people's life before they realize it. To practice low-carbon life, people shouldchange some details of their life, for example, saving electricity, not using plastic bags anddisposable products, as well as taking public transport and so on. Being energy efficient andenvironment friendly, the low-carbon life contributes tremendously to slowing down the speedof global warming and environment deterioration. 5)mVy?Z
  
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　　参考翻译: |B eA
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　　低碳生活(low-carbon life)倡导人们在生活中减少二氧化碳的排放，是一种低能量、低消耗和低开支的生活方式。它要求人们以更健康、更安全和更自然的方式进行人与自然的活动。如今，这股风潮逐渐在中国一些大城市兴起，不知不觉地改变着人们的生活。为了实行低碳生活，人们需要改变一些生活细节，如节约用电、不使用塑料袋和一次性产品、乘坐公共交通工具(Public transport)等。低碳生活节能环保，大大有利于减缓全球气候变暖和环境恶化的速度。 N?$7Z v[G  

【月光族】 @m?{80;uQ  
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　　The moonlight clan refers to those who tend to use up their earnings every month without any savings. Members of the moonlight clan are mostly young people, and they can barely make ends meet with a slim income or they don't need saving thanks to less stressful life. There are a good many members of the moonlight clan who pursue fashion and a high-quality life, regarding spending as the motivation to make money. Most of them are not capable not making proper control of their own expenses for lack of the right concept of money management. Although enjoying life is important, it is also necessary to develop a good habit of saving money. Members of the moonlight clan should try to avoid impulse purchase, learn to make budgets, and build a rational consumption concept. XoJgs$3B  
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　　参考翻译: _-/x;C  
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　　月光族(the moonlight clan)是指那些不储蓄、将每月赚的钱都用光的人。月光族主要是年轻的一代，他们可能是收入微薄，仅够维持生活;或是生活压力不大，不需要储蓄。还有相当多的月光族追求时尚和高质量生活，把花钱当作是赚钱的动力。大多数月光族则缺乏正确的理财观念，不会合理地控制自己的开支。虽然享受生活很重要，但是养成良好的节约习惯也十分必要。月光族应该尽量避免冲动购物，学会做预算，树立理性的消费观。 {|XQO'Wg  

【网络游戏】 H*rx{F?  
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　　With the popularity of computers and theInternet,there is a wide range of games that peoplecan choose from.Young people like online gamesmost.However,this phenomenon troubles manyparents and teachers.Many students are addicted togames,leading to a decline in their health condition and academic performance.On thecontrary,some say that playing online games can train the players,reaction ability,which is ofgreat help in forming quick reaction and fast thinking.Moreover,when playing computergames,players can temporarily release great pressure from their work and study.As long aswe are not addicted to online games,we can enjoy the joy it brings us heartily. \B&6TeR  
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　　参考翻译： XVF^,Yf  
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　　随着电脑和互联网的普及,人们能玩的游戏很多。年轻人尤其喜欢网络游戏。然而,这一现象给许多家长和老师带来了很多的困扰,很多学生沉迷于游戏,导致健康状况和学习成绩的下降。相反地,有些人指出玩网络游戏可以帮助玩家练习他们的反应能力,这对形成敏捷的反应和思维很有帮助。而且,在玩电脑游戏的时候玩家可以暂时释放在工作和学习上的巨大压力。只要我们不沉迷于网络游戏,就能尽情享受它给我们带来的快乐。 Q&PB]D{  

【思乡】 O :^'x*}  
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　　Homesickness is an eternal topic for Chinesepeople.Since ancient times, home has been apermanent harbor for both men and women, andhomesickness is their ever-young complex.It issuch kind of complex that becomes the importanttheme of Chinese literati in all dynasties; they expressed this theme in various ways andform various angles.It is home that arouses the best memories in their hearts.Thanks to thosememories, they feel like going back to the pure and innocent childhood and returning tomothers arms.The wounds in body and mind will get healed temporarily and spiritualemptiness will be enriched for a while.Home has become their ultimate destination. QrC/ssf}  
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　　参考翻译： kaQ2
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　　思乡(homesickness)是中国人的一个永恒的话题。从古至今，无论男女，家是他们永久的港湾，思乡是他们不老的情结(complex)。正是这样的情结成为中国历代文人重要的创作题材，并以各种方式，从各种角度加以体现。是故乡，唤起了他们心灵深处最美好的回忆，在对故乡的思念中，他们又仿佛回到了那单纯无邪的童年时代，回到了母亲的怀抱，身心的创伤得到了暂时的平复，精神的空虚得到了刹那的充实,故乡成了他们终极的归宿地(ultimate destination)。 HabzCH  

【诚实守信的美德】 iYKU[UP?  
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　　Honesty is to be sincere and upright,and matchone's words with his/her action.Being trustworthy isto keep one's word and not to be false anddeceitful.Confucius taught his disciples to behonest.In study,if you know a thing,say you knowit;if you don't,say you don't.He thought it was the correct attitude towards study.In ancienttimes,the doors of Chinese shops had on it an inscription“genuine goods at a fair price for allcustomers.”This shows that since old times China has advocated the ethics of fairtrade,honesty towards customers,no deception and no falsification.In modern China,thevirtue of being honest and trustworthy has been carried forward.It is to be single-minded andresponsible at work and in learning,and it is to be honest to friends and one should practicewhat he/she says. O k7zpq  
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　　参考翻译： iF9_b  
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　　诚实是指真诚正直、言行一致。守信是指遵守承诺、不虚伪、不欺骗。孔子教导弟子要诚实。在学习上，知之为知之，不知为不知。孔子认为这才是对待学习的正确态度。古时候，中国商铺的大门上写着“货真价实，童叟无欺”。这表明从古时候起，中国就已推行公平交易、以诚待客、不欺骗、不造假的道德标准。现代中国将诚实守信的美德加以发扬光大。诚实守信就是工作学习时专心负责;对朋友坦诚、言出必行。 PZ,z15PG]  

【尊老爱幼的美德】
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　　It is a fine tradition in China to respect the old andlove the young.As early as the Han Dynasty, thegovernment issued laws many times to advocateand reward behavior relating to treating the old withrespect.The Chinese people treat their offspringwith love and education, with kindness and strictness, embodying a strong sense of moralresponsibility.The tradition of respecting the old and taking care of the young has been carriedforward in modern times.At present, the old and the young in China have their own legalholidays—Elders' Day and Children's Day.Besides, the government has issued specific laws toprotect women and children; and some laws also stipulate in explicit terms that Chinesecitizens have obligations to take care of parents and raise children. 6y Wc1  
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　　参考翻译： +a$| Sc  
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　　在中国，尊老爱幼是中华民族的优秀传统。早在汉朝时期(the Han Dynasty), 政府就曾多次颁布法令，提倡并奖励孝敬老人的行为。中国人以爱、教育、友善和严格的方式对待子孙后代，体现了强烈的道德责任感。尊老爱幼的传统在现代社会得以发扬光大。现在，中国的老人和儿童都有法定的假期—老人节(Elders'Day)和儿童节。除此之外，政府还颁布特定的法律保护妇女儿童，法律也明确规定中国公民有义务赡养父母、抚养子女。 \
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