考博英语翻译汉译英题目中由于文化上的差异,有时直译原文就会使读者感到费解,甚至误解。这时,就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己鲜明文化色彩的表达法对原文加以归化。归化翻译法常用于处理某些英语成语、典故、形象词语等一类文化色彩较浓的表达方式。恰倒好处地归化可以使译文地道简洁、生动活泼,便于读者理解和接受。下面freekaobo给大家展示一些用到归化法的例子,希望考博生们活学活用。 q 7`
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as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠 0OEtU5lf`y
(在西方文化中,兔子是胆小的象征,而在我国,兔子却象征着机警敏捷。人们常说:“静若处子,动若脱兔。”鼠在我国才是胆小的象征,所以翻译时直接加以归化。) Nl=+.d6Qo
at a stone's throw一箭之遥 Q6xgLx[
wet like a drown rat 湿如落汤鸡 S`4e@Z$
as stupid as a goose 蠢得像猪 XGL"gD
as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛 N*?
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seek a hare in a hen's nest 缘木求鱼 bnIf}ut-G
as dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶 N!Rt;Xm2@
lead a dog's life 过着牛马一样的生活 pc^E'h:
cry up wine and sell vinegar 挂羊头,卖狗肉 #i6[4X?
put back the clock 开倒车 =\*S'Ded
talk horse 吹牛 =GLYDV
kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵 Y/#:)(&@
drink like a fish 牛饮 s9=pV4fA~w
(1) Once the wife of a parson, always the wife of a parson. =xl7vHn7
嫁鸡随鸡,嫁狗随狗。 A=y24m
(2)One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 9.^-us1
一个和尚挑水吃,两个和尚抬水吃,三个和尚没水吃。 [qq`cT@
(3) I was limp as a dish rag. My back felt as through it had been beaten with wires. F@oT7NB/n
我软得像一团棉花,脊背疼痛得好像被钢丝抽打过一样。 l^)o'YS y
(原文中limp as a dish rag,如直译为“像洗碟布一样柔软”,既不地道,又让人产生一种较恶心的感觉,不如用汉语中常说的“软得像一团棉花”加以归化。) "bLP3
(4) Everybody said how well the new Secretary was doing, but old Mr. Carr said shortly,“Yes. New brooms sweep clean.” \z<ws&z3`$
人人都说新任秘书干得好,但卡尔老先生却简慢地说:“新官上任三把火。” <#:Ebofsn
(原文new brooms sweep clean的字面意思是“新扫把扫得干净”,比喻“新任职的人干得好”,和汉语中的“新官上任三把火”异曲同工,貌离神合。) 8s\8`2=
(5) Among the blind the one-eyed man is King. \>&@lA
山中无老虎,猴子称霸王。 *)2x&~T*|
(6) Last night I heard him driving his pig to market. 2X
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昨夜我听到他鼾声如雷。 ]=O{7#
(7) Who would have thought of Mr.Mottram doing so well? And so many of his friends,too, that used to stay here? We were entertaining angels unawares. }?\#_BCjx(
谁知道摩特兰先生干得那么出色?还有他那许多朋友,原来都住在这儿的,谁知道呀?我们真是有眼无珠。 o;
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(8) It was, as Bill afterwards expressed it, “during a moment of temporary mental apparition”, but we didn't find that out till later. vY8WqG]
恰如后来比尔说的那样,那阵子简直是“一时鬼迷心窍”.不过,我们直到后来才明白了这个意思。 iPR!JX
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(apparition在原文中是鬼魂或幽灵出现的意思。mental apparition直译是“心中有鬼”,这就很容易给人造成误解,因此需要多少将原形象适当地转换一下。) 4+Li)A:4.
(9) They will be ice-skating in hell the day, when I vote the aid for them. 'M]CZ}
要我投票赞成给他们援助,除非太阳从西边出来。 TPN:cA6[c
(ice-skating in hell如译成“在地狱里滑冰”就很难为中国读者所理解和接受。) |:J*>"sq
(10)。 “Until her husband won the pools, she was the most commonplace, dowdy, illiterate creature imaginable,but now that she dresses herself up like a society queen and nearly always remembers to sound her aitches, people are already beginning to forget what she was like before. b7F3]W<`&