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第01章 名词性从句 (};/,t1#$
第02章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 P?J\p J1|7
第03章 高中英语语法中的省略现象 n&8SB'-r
第04章 主谓一致 Z<#h$XUA
第05章 动词不定式 vw
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第06章 倒装结构 4jW <*jM
第07章 定语从句 aVp-Ps|r
第08章 被动语态 *9 (E0"
第09章 祈使句 7=a
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第10章 感叹句 @ssT$#)$!
第11章 疑问句 3g5D[>J'
第12章 名词 _7
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第一章 名词性从句 C)ic;!$Qhb
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在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 S7b7zJ8A
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一． 主语从句 (
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主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 .M0pb^M
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1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 [Xww`OUsh
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： MJ U*S
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a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see thefilm. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 Pb<6-Jc[
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 )N
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c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） AI-ZZ6lzR
d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） _O&P!hI
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2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 6O " y
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 7Ac.^rv5
It is a fact that … 事实是… n<ecVFft
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 \vE - ;,
It is common knowledge that …是常识 G`f|#-}
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 ,nJCqX~ /G
It is natural that… 很自然… V-18~+F~"a
It is strange that… 奇怪的是… VUD9ZyPw
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 F(w<YU %6
It seems that… 似乎… #
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It happened that… 碰巧… 1";s #Jq
It appears that… 似乎… D 4*_/,}
(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句 U-D00 l7C
It is reported that… 据报道… <2wC)l3j*
It has been proved that… 已证实… ~|ha9 1
It is said that… 据说…
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3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： 4}0Ry\
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（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 yc
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（2）It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： P.djR) YI
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school nextweek. I")mg~f
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week issaid. 28j/K=0(
（3）Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： I(j$
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正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. ak{XLzn
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. b`;Cm)@X!)
（4）It doesn’t matterhow/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： >b8-v ~o{
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. W9S6
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错误表达：Whether he iswrong or not doesn’t matter. 9{Ig
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（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： x#hSN|'"
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? &,* ILz
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely? H
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4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 lkJe7 +s
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： i;\n\p 1
a) What you said yesterday is right. $ y%IM`/w
b) That she is still alive is a consolation GtKSA#oYZB
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二．宾语从句 #$l:%
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 gw$ ?&[wY
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1. 作动词的宾语 ,:0
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(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： MjK<n[.
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 b"Jr_24t3v
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： 9<o*aFgCa
a) She did not know what hadhappened. 她不知道发生了什么。 (D n1Eov
b) I wonder whether you canchange this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。 _>3#dk
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： U|aEyMU
She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。 {7` 1m!R
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2. 作介词的宾语，例如： ^ Z3y
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。 I:1Pz|$`
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3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： ! 6R|
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 U&SSc@of
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注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious,aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt,satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 l-5O5|C
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4. it 可以作为形式宾语 )JU`Z @?8
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： ] #7baZ
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。 #c9MVQ_
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5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 [ Scao $
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn,celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： =FM rVE
正确表达：I admire theirwinning the match. 2 } _^~8
错误表达：I admire thatthey won the match. 3wQ\L=
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6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 Z=l2Po n
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order,accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如： JB!* {{
正确表达：He impressedthe manager as an honest man. cW ?6Iao
错误表达：He impressedthe manager that he was an honest man. D\E"v,Y\+O
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7. 否定的转移 c~d*SDca
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy,guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： !Nbi&^k B
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 Ifq|MZ\
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三. 表语从句 h}}7_I9
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look,remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason isthat… 和It is because 等结构。例如： Ko
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1) The question is whether we can makegood preparation in such a short time. 1+l[P9?R[
2) This is why we can’t get the support ofthe people. [7[$P.MS{
3) But the fact remains that we are behindthe other classes. BJqb'H jd
4) The reason he is late for school isthat he missed the early bus. ,p W^>J
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四. 同位语从句 9~ifST \
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 f Qw|SW
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1. 同位语从句的功能 avq
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同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如： !DKl:8mx4
1)The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all thepeople. 0b2;
2)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. v^ 1x}
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2. 同位语在句子中的位置 @!(V0 -
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： 5zt5]zl'
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. Q}#H|@
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3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 ?_/T$b ]
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 B_%O6
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： ` $[`C/h
1) The news that he told me is that Tomwould go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） <Q.-WV]Z
2)The news that Tom would go abroad istold by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） fXkemB^)_
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高一英语名词性从句专项练习 3.
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1．____he does has nothingto do with me. 1;+(HB
A. whatever B. No matterwhat C. That D. If
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2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____ N_E :?Jo
A. did the quarrel came about B.the quarrel had come about PPNZ(j
C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about uvGFo)9q3
3. Energy is ____makes thing work.. 'gz @UE1
A. what B. something C. anything D. that %M N>b[z
4. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. YZ+<+`Mz<
A. while B. that C. when D. as I*8_5?)g<
5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed. ?I#zcD)w
A. there B. in which C. where D. when m2Q#ATLW
6. They have no idea at all____. cX@72
A. where he has gone B.where did he go @Tf5YZ*
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone |Ok1E
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die ofthe disease. ^'aMp}3iu
A. that B. which C. of which D. ofthat |
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8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning. <l VW; l7
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave _ ;_NM5
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave cwA+?:Ry}
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match. rgg3{bU/
A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether *1;}c
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10. The question came up at themeeting_____ we had enough money for our research. p)=Fi}#D\
A. that B. which C. whether D. if c>RS ~ /Y
11. Is _____he said really true? p,+$7f1S
A. that B. what C. why D. whether c o!#.
12.____the meeting should last two days orthree days doesn’t matter. ryp@<}A]!d
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where (""1[XURQK
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair wasturning gray. KCkA4`IeM
A. while B. if C. that D. for q@x{6zj
14. ???_____more countries can use naturalenergy in the future remains to be seen. e f=LPCi?
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If wA<#E6^ vG
15.____he will go to work in a mountainvillage surprises all of us. ISuye2tExq
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If ye)CfP=ID\
16. ____you don’t like him is none of mybusiness. 4#m"t?6!
A. What B. That C. Who D. How :j
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17.____all the inventions have in commonis ____they have succeeded. uiIY,FL$
A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what v/BMz Vi
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed thefood very much. ,#42ebGHR
A. What B. It C. All that D. That p}N IZ)]$
19. It is widely ______that smoking cancause cancer. W=R u? sG=
A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped YRYAQj/7
20. ____caused the accident is still acomplete mystery. <tbsQ3
A. What B. That C. How D. Where )MZQ\8,)]
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Keys: H`$s63
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA {Ah\ -{]
