2017考博英语词汇语法模拟试题及答案 | 考博英语语法和结构

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10楼发表于: 2016-07-28

1. From now on, when anyone in our ranks who has done some useful work dies, soldier or cook, we should have a funeral ceremony and a memorial meeting in his honor.

　　A. no matter he is B. whether he has been

　　C. be he D. whether be he

　　2. In 1921 Einstein won the Nobel Prize, and was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.

　　A. then B. and C. when D. before

　　3.Physics is the present-day equivalent of used to be called natural philosophy from which most of present-day science arose.

　　A. that B. all C. which D. what

　　4. the population of working age increased by 1 million between 1981 and 1986, today it is barely growing.

　　A. Whereas B. Even if C. After D. Now that

　　5. His features were agreeable; his body, slight of build, had something of athletic outline.

　　A. somehow B. as C. though D. somewhat

　　1. C此句含有让步状语从句whether…or…“不管是……还是……”，采用倒装后省略连词，用原形动词，所以只能选C。

　　2. Cwhen引导时间从句：“纳粹上台的时候,他被赶出德国……”then不是连词, 用在句中不符合句法要求; 如果选B, 应为and then; before填入句中句意不通。

　　3. D句中要求一个能够引导of介词宾语从句的连接词, 所以只有what具有这个功能。

　　4. A前后两个句子是对比关系: increased和barely growing, 而even if表示让步“即使”; after表示时间;now that表示原因, 故只有whereas正确。

　　5. Cthough 表示让步, 意为“虽然”，全句的意思是: “他的长相挺好, 身体虽然瘦小, 但有点儿运动员的样子。”somehow“不知怎么”、“不知什么原因”。as 可以引导让步从句,但句子结构要倒装, 不用于省略句, 因此在此处不合适。somewhat“有几分”、“有点儿”, 没有让步意味。

　　6. By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial traffic vastly beyond today’s levels.

　　A.will be expected to extend B. will have been expected to extend

　　C.is expected to be extended D. is expected to have extended

　　7. We advocate the economic, cultural and religious traditions of all national minorities.

　　A. to respect B. to be respected

　　C. respecting D. having respected

　　8. There are two horses at the ends of a rope with all their might in opposite directions.

　　A. pulling B. pull C. pulled D. to pull

　　9. Today the Tennessee Valley is one of the richest areas in the world. But if things as they were it would now be a desert.

　　A. had left B. were left C. had been left D. had been leaving

　　10.After twenty years abroad, William came back only how his hometown was damaged in an earthquake.

　　A. to find out B. finding out

　　C. to have found outD. to be finding out

　　6. D句子讲的是 “人们期待到21世纪前10年时,国际性商业航空交通远远超过当今水平”, 人们现在就期待, 而不是将来期待, 所以A、B是错误的; 另外, 表示到将来某一时刻为止已经完成的动作或出现的状态, 应用将来完成时, 按句意, 是指extend这一动作的完成, 所以应该在不定式上体现出来。根据上述分析, 选D符合句意要求。

　　7. C动词advocate后接动名词而不接不定式做宾语。D虽然是动名词, 但用其完成式在语义上讲不通。

　　8. Apulling是现在分词在句中做horses的定语, 相当于which pull。

　　9. Chad been left表示与过去事实相反的假设 “如果情况还像以前那样”。

　　10. A不定式to find out做结果状语,有意想不到的含义。不定式表示结果时, 用其一般式即可。

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11楼发表于: 2016-07-29

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

1. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children ________to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.

　　A. to develop

　　B. to be developed

　　C. developing

　　D. will develop

　　2. Space exploration promises to open up many new territories for human settlement, as well as _________the harvest of mineral resources.

　　A. leads to

　　B. to lead to

　　C. leading to

　　D. lead to

　　3. Someday, solar power collected by satellites ________ the earth or fission power (裂变能)manufactured by mankind may give us all the energy we need for an expanding civilization.

　　A. circled

　　B. to circle

　　C. circling

　　D.circles

　　4. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they ________ .

　　A.had just been dreaming

　　B. are just dreaming

　　C.have just been dreaming

　　D. had just dreamt

　　5. Her terror was so great ________ somewhere to escape, she would have run for her life.

　　A. only if

　　B. that there had only been

　　C. that had there only been

　　D. if there were only

　　【答案及解析】：

　　1. AFor these children to develop to their full adult potential在句中做目的状语，these children 是to develop 的逻辑主语，这种主谓关系在目的状语中一般是不能用分词表示的。B中不定式被动式与句意相悖;for不是连词，故不能选D，否则语句不通。

　　2. Cas well as 在语法功能上相当于介词，所以在句中要接动名词leading to。

　　3. C句子的主语为solar power or fission power，谓语是may give, collected by satellite circling the earth是后置定语修饰solar power，其中circling the earth 又是现在分词短语修饰satellite，“环绕地球的卫星”，相当于the satellite which circles the earth。其他选择项均不符合句子语法结构要求。

　　4. C句中已给出频次状语several times，说明要用完成时态，同时句子的时态定位是现在时they are wakened，显然不能用过去完成时，所以选C。

　　5. C这是一个so…that结构表示结果状语的句型， A、D 可以排除。在that从句中又有条件从句，而且应该是虚拟语气结构，B中没有表示条件的连词，是错误的。C虽然也没有连词if，但采用了倒装结构，可以将if省略，又是had done，表示与过去事实相反的假设，时态、结构完全正确，因此是惟一正确的选择。

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12楼发表于: 2016-07-29

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

1. Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

　　A. must make

　　B. should have made

　　C. would make

　　D. could have made

　　2. A light with no more power than ________ by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.

　　A. as is produced

　　B. that produced

　　C. that is produced

　　D. produced

　　3. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone________ what lay beneath the surface.

　　A. asking

　　B. ask

　　C. to ask

　　D. be asked

　　4.Even if they are on sale, these ________refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, at the other store.

　　A. anyone

　　B. the others

　　C. that

　　D. the ones

　　5. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________ its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.

　　A. are

　　B. is

　　C. do

　　D. has

　　【答案及解析】：

　　1. D这是一个含蓄虚拟句，意为“有些妇女完全可以不呆在家里，干一份工作挣得可观的工资，可是她们决定不工作，为的是照顾家庭”，所以选D。should have made意思是“本应该做而实际上没做”，与原句意不够贴切。

　　2. B相当于A light with no more power than the power that is produced by…。that代替power，表示相比较的事物，而D中没有比较对象，故不对;as表示原级比较，不与than用在一起，故A也不正确;C中缺少that的先行词，也是错误的。

　　3. Clet alone，“更不用说……”，在用法上相当于并列连词，因此要求填入与前面一样的结构，此处是不定式。

　　4. D句子要求填一个能够代替these refrigerators 的代词，故排除A、C。the others一般与另一部分相对而言，在此句中不对，所以选the ones。

　　5. A句子后半句是倒装句，主语是复数its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans，因为较长，所以后置，故选A。

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13楼发表于: 2016-07-29

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

　1. You _______ such a long essay; our teacher only asked for 200 words, and you have written 300!

　　A. mustn’t have written

　　B. couldn’t have written

　　C. needn’t have written

　　D. might not as well have written

　　2. _______ for aches, pains and fever, aspirin is now the subject of multiple investigations of its role in treating many more serious complaints.

　　A. Long used

　　B. Being used long

　　C. Having been long used

　　D. It has long been used

　　3. In no country _______ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

　　A. better than

　　B. more than

　　C. other than

　　D. rather than

　　4. We hope the measures to control prices, _______ are taken by the government, will succeed.

　　A. when

　　B. as

　　C. since

　　D. after

　　5. “What do you suggest I write about, then, to stand a chance next year?” “It isn’t so much _______ you write as the way you write it.”

　　A. what…that

　　B. what…which

　　C. what…how

　　D. which…that

　　【答案及解析】：

　　1. Cneedn’t have done sth.表示做了不必做的事，此句意为：“你真不必写这么长的文章，老师告诉我们只写200个词，可你写了300个词。”

　　2. AB、C选项之所以错，主要是由于long的位置不对，应为：B. Being long used…;C Having long been used…。句子前半部分是状语，故D也不对。由此可见A是惟一正确的选择。

　　3. Cother than 的意思相当于except，常用在否定词之后，如nobody other than…，nothing other than等。本句中与no在一起连用，意为“只有在英国……”。it has been said是插入语。

　　4. Bas是关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词是measures，相当于…as the measures which are taken by the government…，其他几个词都是连词，不能引导定语从句。

　　5. A句中的第一个空白处需要一个引导名词性从句的关系代词，在从句中做write 的宾语;第二个空白处要填一个修饰way的定语从句的关系代词，因此只能选A。注意: 先行词是way, 引导定语从句的关系代词一定不能用how, 可以用in which, 可以用that, 也可以省略不用。

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14楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

1. Relaxation, _______ fresh air, pure water and clean food, is essential to a sound mind and healthy body.

　　A. much less than B. no less than

　　C. no more than D. any less than

　　2. It is far better to do well a bit of work which is well _______ a large fortune.

　　A. worthy to be done than have B. worth doing than to have

　　C. worthwhile to do than have D. worthy of doing than have

　　3. Understanding the cultural habit of another nation, especially_______ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.

　　A.oneB. the one C. that D. such

　　4. Whether or not the next plan will yield any positive results _______ to be seen.

　　A.remain B. remains C.is remained D. have remained

　　5. If ever again_______ happens an accident like this, we will have only ourselves to blame.

　　A. it B. so C. there D. that

　　答案解析

　　1. Bno less than “与……同样(重要)”。全句意为: “放松休息, 就像新鲜空气、纯净水、清洁的食品一样, 是健康的身心所不可缺少的。”

　　2. Bto have a large fortune与to do well a bit of work…是并列不定式。另外，worth, worthy, worthwhile在用法上的区别是:(1)worth是介词, 后接动名词或名词，形成介词短语。接动名词时, 与主语是动宾关系，其形式是主动的，意义是被动的。如: The book is worth reading. (2)worthy是形容词, 置于be动词后或名词后面, 做后位修饰语, 其结构是: be worthy of doing sth., sth. is worthy to be done。(3)worthwhile是形容词，要与形式主语it并用：It is worthwhile to read the book.worth和worthy都不能用于这种结构。

　　3. Aone 指代前面提到的具有泛指含义的可数名词单数, 在该句中指代another nation, 句中属于泛指，可见B是错误的。such指代前面讲过的整个情况，多用作主语。that 指物时常用来指代不可数名词, 指代可数名词时具有特指含义。

　　4. Bwhether 引导名词性从句做主语, 谓语动词应为单数。另外，remain一般不用被动式, 所以B为正确选项。

　　5. C这是there be句型的异化形式，即there be 句型中还可以用be以外的不及物动词，如live, stand, exist, come, remain等。

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15楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

1. The students were much encouraged _______ a chance to talk with the Americans in English.

　　A. to get B. gotten C. to have got D. having got

　　2. When a person is in a happy frame of mind, he may agree on the thing that he won’t tolerate _______ when he is not in the right frame of mind.

　　A. doing B. to do C. done D. to be done

　　3. Recently many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still _______ unable to understand what they read.

　　A. areB. to be C. being D. have been

　　4. I_______ the train but I overslept that morning.

　　A. could catch B. might catch

　　C. must have caught D. could have caught

　　5. It is very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _______ it.

　　A. mustn’t have done B. wouldn’t have done

　　C. mightn’t have done D. didn’t have to do

答案解析

　　1. C句中不定式表示原因: “学生有机会用英语与美国人交谈，很受鼓舞。” 所以应用不定式完成式。如果句子用的是一般现在时are, 那么选A是对的。

　　2. Atolerate要求动名词做宾语, 只能选A。

　　3. C动名词being 做students 的逻辑谓语, 相当于…students… being unable to understand what they read。整个动名词短语做of的宾语，所以只能选C。

　　4. D这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，前半部分假设，后半部分真实，因此应选could have caught，意为“我本来能赶上火车的，可是那天早上我睡过头了”。区别这类含蓄虚拟条件句的关键词是but。

　　5. Ddidnt have to do it“不用非得洗(碗)”，符合句意。

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16楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

　1. Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

　　A. must make B. should have made

　　C. would make D. could have made

　　2. A light with no more power than ________ by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.

　　A. as is produced B. that produced

　　C. that is produced D. produced

　　3. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone________ what lay beneath the surface.

　　A. asking B. ask C. to ask D. be asked

　　4.Even if they are on sale, these ________refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, at the other store.

　　A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones

　　5. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________ its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.

　　A. are B. is C. do D. has

答案解析

　　1. D这是一个含蓄虚拟句，意为“有些妇女完全可以不呆在家里，干一份工作挣得可观的工资，可是她们决定不工作，为的是照顾家庭”，所以选D。should have made意思是“本应该做而实际上没做”，与原句意不够贴切。

　　2. B相当于A light with no more power than the power that is produced by…。that代替power，表示相比较的事物，而D中没有比较对象，故不对;as表示原级比较，不与than用在一起，故A也不正确;C中缺少that的先行词，也是错误的。

　　3. Clet alone，“更不用说……”，在用法上相当于并列连词，因此要求填入与前面一样的结构，此处是不定式。

　　4. D句子要求填一个能够代替these refrigerators 的代词，故排除A、C。the others一般与另一部分相对而言，在此句中不对，所以选the ones。

　　5. A句子后半句是倒装句，主语是复数its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans，因为较长，所以后置，故选A。

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17楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

1. The students were much encouraged _______ a chance to talk with the Americans in English.

　　A. to get B. gotten C. to have got D. having got

　　2. When a person is in a happy frame of mind, he may agree on the thing that he won’t tolerate _______ when he is not in the right frame of mind.

　　A. doing B. to do C. done D. to be done

　　3. Recently many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still _______ unable to understand what they read.

　　A. areB. to be C. being D. have been

　　4. I_______ the train but I overslept that morning.

　　A. could catch B. might catch

　　C. must have caught D. could have caught

　　5. It is very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _______ it.

　　A. mustn’t have done B. wouldn’t have done

　　C. mightn’t have done D. didn’t have to do

答案解析

　　1. C句中不定式表示原因: “学生有机会用英语与美国人交谈，很受鼓舞。” 所以应用不定式完成式。如果句子用的是一般现在时are, 那么选A是对的。

　　2. Atolerate要求动名词做宾语, 只能选A。

　　3. C动名词being 做students 的逻辑谓语, 相当于…students… being unable to understand what they read。整个动名词短语做of的宾语，所以只能选C。

　　4. D这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，前半部分假设，后半部分真实，因此应选could have caught，意为“我本来能赶上火车的，可是那天早上我睡过头了”。区别这类含蓄虚拟条件句的关键词是but。

　　5. Ddidnt have to do it“不用非得洗(碗)”，符合句意。

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18楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

　1. Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

　　A. must make B. should have made

　　C. would make D. could have made

　　2. A light with no more power than ________ by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.

　　A. as is produced B. that produced

　　C. that is produced D. produced

　　3. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone________ what lay beneath the surface.

　　A. asking B. ask C. to ask D. be asked

　　4.Even if they are on sale, these ________refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, at the other store.

　　A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones

　　5. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________ its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.

　　A. are B. is C. do D. has

答案解析

　　1. D这是一个含蓄虚拟句，意为“有些妇女完全可以不呆在家里，干一份工作挣得可观的工资，可是她们决定不工作，为的是照顾家庭”，所以选D。should have made意思是“本应该做而实际上没做”，与原句意不够贴切。

　　2. B相当于A light with no more power than the power that is produced by…。that代替power，表示相比较的事物，而D中没有比较对象，故不对;as表示原级比较，不与than用在一起，故A也不正确;C中缺少that的先行词，也是错误的。

　　3. Clet alone，“更不用说……”，在用法上相当于并列连词，因此要求填入与前面一样的结构，此处是不定式。

　　4. D句子要求填一个能够代替these refrigerators 的代词，故排除A、C。the others一般与另一部分相对而言，在此句中不对，所以选the ones。

　　5. A句子后半句是倒装句，主语是复数its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans，因为较长，所以后置，故选A。

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19楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

1. He has got too much ____to worry about your problem.

　　A. on his mind B. out of mind

　　C. off his mind D. to his mind

　　2. You are too rigid: you must learn to change your plans when the situation ____it.

　　A. calls on B. calls for

　　C. calls forth D. calls in 

　　3. If you expenses____your income, you will be in debt.

　　A. surpass B. exceed C. survive D. pass

　　4. You can ____your story by leaving out some unimportant details.

　　A. abridge B. rewrite C. reveal D. change

　　5. Could you please give me a hand? Let’s____the bookcase into place.

　　A. shoot B. shove C. contain D. indicate

　　答案解析：

　　1. 答案 A

　　【参考译文】他对你的问题太担心了。

　　【试题分析】本题是词义辨析题。

　　【详细解答】 “on sb’s mind”含义为“压在某人心头”;“out of one’s mind”含义为“精神不正常”;“off one’s mind”含义为“不再在某人心头”;“to one’s mind”含

　　义为“据某人意见”。根据句意，A最合适。 

　　2. 答案 B

　　【参考译文】你太刻板了;你必须学会在条件需要时改变你的计划。

　　【试题分析】本题是词义辨析题。

　　【详细解答】 “call on”含义为“号召”;“call for”含义为“要求，需要”;“call forth”含义为“唤起，引起”;“call in”含义为“召集，召来”。根据句意B最合适。 

　　3. 答案 B

　　【参考译文】如果你的消费超过收入，你会欠债的。

　　【试题分析】本题是一道词义辨析题。

　　【详细解答】 “surpass”含义为“超越”;“exceed”含义为“超出”;“survive”含义为“比谁活得长，幸存”;“pass”含义为“通过”。根据句意，B最合适。 

　　4. 答案 A

　　【参考译文】除去一些不重要的细节，你能使你的故事更简洁一些。

　　【试题分析】本题为一道词义辨析题。

　　【详细解答】 “abridge”含义为“节略”;“rewrite”含义为“重写”;“reveal”含义为“展现”;“change”含义为“改变”。根据句意，A最合适。 

　　5. 答案 B

　　【参考译文】你能帮我一把么?把这个书箱推到位。

　　【试题分析】本题是词义辨析题。

　　【详细解答】 “shoot”含义为“射击”;“shove”的含义为“推”;“contain”含义为“包含”;“indicate”含义为“指示，指出”。根据句意，B最合适。 

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