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智力服务于中国,提高企业与个人整体竞争力 第22 页 Y30T>5
北京师范大学2007 年博士生入学考试英语试题 (b*PDhl`+
I. Listening Comprehension (15 points) 82>90e(CH]
Section A v90)G8|q
Directions: There are five statements in this section. Each statement will be spoken P<OSm*;U:
only' once. When you hear a statement, read the four choices given and choose the j-CSf(qIj
one which is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard by marking the &yabxl_
corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on the ANSVER SHEET with a single line through d41DcgG'j(
the center. Jfe<$-$$7
1. c97?+Y^
A. He is in a drug store. oRALhaI
B. He is at a department store. &hSABtr}
C. He is at home. 3+uCTn0%
D. He is at his doctor's office. q; n
2. oR1HJ2>Z1
A. I missed in3' train because you stopped me. dln1JZ!
B. You made me forget what I was saving ,SQ`, C
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C. You looked so deep in thought that I didn't want to bother you.
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D. You told me never to interrupt you. vTk\6o q
3. 937 z*mh
A Sally drove back and forth to work twice today n5G|OK0,
B. Sally took long time to do her work. dU"ca|u
C. Sally took her lunch with her to work. F^/b!)4X
D. Sally usually gets to work in much less time. 1OOMqFn} L
4. x
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A. If you audit a course, you don't have to take the tests. Pf/_lBtL
B. You have to take a test if you want to add another course. u;/5@ADW
C. Of course you need to buy some textbooks. >[A7oH
D. It is not necessary to order a textbook. Jjr&+Q^3Tu
5. 5nA
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A. The speaker's salary is $250. 7/># yR
B. The speaker's salary is $1000. Fo: 60)Lr
C. The speaker's salary is $1100. m(0c|-
D. The speaker's salary is $ 275. -
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Section B M. o}?
Directions: In this section, you will hear five short conversations. At the end of l =X6m(
each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation {n'+P3\T:
and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. 1.S?(1e"
During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide ^lP;JT?
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智力服务于中国,提高企业与个人整体竞争力 第23 页 ^Q9;ro*;ck
which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with ,l )7]p*X
a single line through the center. vP.^j7wB
6. 7ZR0cJw;
A. Clean up her room tMDJ,rT
B. Get her report back. sn.0`Stt
C. Not wait for him past noon. /y-eVu6
D. Not worry about her raincoat. ??
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7. b uOpHQn
A. It was probably Mr. Brown's phone number that the woman wrote down. UfxYD
B. it was just an hour ago that the man met Mr. Brown. s.IYPH|pn
C. The woman forgot to write down the phone number. 4 >`2vb
D. The woman needed a sheet of paper to put down the number. VNT*@^O_=
8. |EZ\+!8N:{
A. Someone who is in charge of hunting. &peUC n
B. A boss of a company. bD:[r))#e
C. A job-seeking advisor. AA &>6JB{
D. Someone who is in charge of looking for talents for a company. S(ky:
9. vhE^jS<Tg
A. The woman is not careful at all this time. )[np{eF.k
B. No matter how careful one can be, it is not enough 4T??8J-J
C. The woman is most careful this time. l#|wF$J
D. The woman has never been careful. 0U&@;/?
10. -PiakX
A. Ton: stayed in a room on the second floor for an hour. FnWN]9
B. Nobody but the woman noticed that Tom was absent. >`=9So_J
C. Tom was absent when the discussion was held. "~ y"T(Unvc
D. Tom stayed in Room 302 for an hour.
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Section C r~YxtBZH+
Directions: In this section, you will hear an interview. Look at the five statements 5MHcgzyp
for this part on your test paper and decide if you think each statement is true or i TLX=.M
false while you are listening to the interview. If you think the answer is true, mark ! z6T_;s
A, if you think the answer is false, mark B on the e\NS\VER SHEET with a single line ?^gq
through the center. sIzy/W0iV
11. Xiang zhen has lived in the United States since she was ten years old. pB:/oHV
12. In Korea, the American gesture for "come" is used :o call dogs. XP^
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13. When talking to an older person or someone with a higher social position. ddzMwu
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Koreans traditionally look at the person's feet. V:
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智力服务于中国,提高企业与个人整体竞争力 第24 页 fJD+GvV$x
14. Between males and females, direct eye contact is a sign of attraction, !6FO[^h||H
15. After many years in the United States. Xiangzhen's body language is still 3W3)%[ 5
completely Korean. :YCB23368"
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II. Reading Comprehension (30 points) ]{ir^[A6
Directions: Read the following passages carefully end then select the best answer vw6DHN)k
from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D by marking the corresponding letter on L>&9+<-B
the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. +'9E4Lpx
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Since the first brain scanner was constructed several years ago, computed vLIaTr gz
tomography or computed medical imagery, has become fairly widely used. Its rapid SNc $!
acceptance is due to the fact that it has overcome several of the drawbacks of I~Q
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conventional X-ray technology. Zg$RiQ^-{J
To begin with, conventional two-dimensional X-ray pictures cannot show all of Gz:ell$
the information contained in a three-dimensional object. Things at different depths IG90
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aresuper imposed, causing confusion to the viewer. Computed tomography can give .`jYrW-k
three-dimensional information. The computer is able to reconstruct pictures of the W
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body's interior by measuring the varying intensities of X-ray beams passing through b6! 7j
sections of the body from hundreds of different angles. Such pictures are based on e.WKf,e"X
series of thin "'slices". W>(w&k]%B
In addition, conventional X-ray generally differentiates only between bone and $]gflAe2
air, as in the chest and lungs. They cannot distinguish soft tissues or variations RMHJ
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in tissues. The liver and pancreas are not discernible at all, and certain other organs LZDJ\"a-
max only be rendered visible through the use of radio paque dye. Since computed Sq]QRI/
tomography is much more sensitive, the soft tissues of the kidneys or the liver can 5c$\DZ(
be seen and clearly differentiated. This technique can also accurately measure rV}&G!V_t
different degrees of X-ray absorption, facilitating the study of the nature of" _R}yZ=di
tissue. Y|S>{$W
A third problem with conventional X-ray methods is their inability Io measure Jwpc8MQ
quantitatively the separate densities of the individual substances through which the \. a 7F4h
X-ray has passed. Only the mean absorption of all the tissues is recorded. This is W5>emx'>
not a problem with computed tomography. It can accurately locate a tumor and 1Gy
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subsequently monitor the progress of radiation treatment, so that in addition to its }/QtIY#I
diagnostic capabilities, it can play a significant role in therapy.
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16. Conventional X-rays mainly show the difference between +F*h\4ry#
A. bone and air B. liver and pancreas SqZ .}s
C. muscle and other body tissues D. heart and lungs W;?e @}
智力服务于中国,提高企业与个人整体竞争力 第25 页 {E0\mZ2
17. What kind of view is made possible by contiguous cross sections of the body? .DM-&P
A. Two-dimensional. B. Three-dimensional. 5A+@xhRf
C. Animated. D. Intensified. DFvGc`O4
18. It can be inferred form the passage that. compared to conventional X-ray [5]n,toAh
techniques, computed tomography is more dZX;k0
A. compact B. rapid 7CH.BY
C. economical D. informative [Sj"gLj
19. what is the author's attitude toward this new technique? w
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A. Cautious. B. Tolerant. z[@i=avPG
C. Enthusiastic. D. Critical. ]Ljb&*IEj
20. According to the passage, computed tomography can be used for all of the - ,?LS w
following EXCEPT R{ udV
A. monitoring a patient's disease B. diagnosing disorders }I1j #d0.
C. locating tumors D. reconstructing damaged tissues hM[3l1o{|
Passage 2 =
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Because early man viewed illness as divine punishment and healing L4Kg%icz l
as purification, medicine and religion were inextricably, linked for centuries. u%lUi2P2E
This notion is apparent in the origin of our word "pharmacy," which comes R x( yn
from the Greek pharmakon, meaning "purification through purging." {+GR/l\!#
By 3500 B.C., the Sumerians in the Tigris-Euphrates valley had QN|=/c<U
developed virtually all of our modern methods of administering drugs. They /;{L~f=et)
used gargles inhalations, pills, lotions, ointments, and plasters. The first c,O;B_}M]
drug catalog, or p harmacopoeia, was written at that time by an unknown yz,0
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Sumerian physician. Preserved in cuneiform script on a single clay' tablet are 3hxV`rb
the names of dozens of drugs to treat ailments that still afflict us today. G"tlJ7$myQ
The Egyptians added to the ancient medicine chest. The Ebers Papyrus. kKjcW` [
a scroll d a t i n g f r o m 1 9 0 0 B . C . a n d n a m e d a f t e r t h e G e rman Egyptologist X8ZO
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George Ebers. reveals the trial-and-error know-how acquired by early (&v,3>3]
Egyptian physicians. To relieve indigestion, a chew of peppermint leaves and D[}^G5
carbonates (known today. As antacids) was prescribed, and to numb the pain of |,~
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tooth extraction, Egyptian doctors temporarily stupefied a patient with ethyl hg#O_4D
alcohol. KV8<'g +2?
The scroll also provides a rare glimpse into the hierarchy of ancient drug bwcr/J(Nb
preparation. The "'chief of the preparers of drugs" was the equivalent of ?>iUz.];t
a head pharmacist, who supervised the "'collectors of drugs." field workers, CJ7S5
who gathered essential minerals and herbs. The "'preparers" aides" (technicians) W/b)OlG"2
智力服务于中国,提高企业与个人整体竞争力 第26 页 4Gh\T`=
dried and pulverized ingredients, which were blended according to certain 1e7I2g
formulas by' the "'preparers." #
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And the "conservator of drugs" oversaw the storehouse where local and T,jb%uPcE
imported mineral, herb, and animal-organ ingredients were kept. VumM`SH
By the seventh century B.C.. the Greeks had adopted a sophisticated A_WaRYG
mind-body view of medicine. They- believed that a physician must pursue the M_-L#FHX
diagnosis and treatment of the physical causes of disease within a scientific 6y1\ar(A
framework, as well as cure the supernatural components involved. Thus, the &xhwOgI