Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21) ____ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22) ____ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23) ____ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in (24) ____ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status (25) ____ as a rejection of middle-class values. =R #Qx ,
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26) ____ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27) ____ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28) ____ to criticism. fb{`` ,nO
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) ____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) ____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) ____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) ____ lead more youths into criminal behavior. n^z]q;IN2.
Families have also (33) ____ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; (34) ____, children are likely to have less supervision at home (35) ____ was common in the traditional family (36) ____. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (37) ____ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (38) ____ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (39) ____ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (40) ____ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established. JBJhG<J
21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing g=QDu7Ux
22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because k 9L? +PD
23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation GM3f- \/
24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response J@4 Bf
25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else $lLz 3YS
26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding lEhk'/~
27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with b]x4o #t
28.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject TMig-y*[
29.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect nHm}zOLc
30.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount ;~"FLQ g@
31.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length p4'G$]#
32.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence kg
'o&^/=
33.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced KTP8?Q"n0
34.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously <-[wd.M_
35.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as D|Q#gcWp o
36.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage nPye,"A Ol
37.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible !4^C #{$
38.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability ^~3SSLS4"
39.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity ~S8* t~
40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposing EL (nDv
xO&eRy?%
BFo5\l:q8
