医学博士英语写作总结 TIaiJvo
wAzaxeV=
一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。 U2~|AkL
XaoVv2=G~
二、现场写作技巧 IlI5xkJ(
9#~jlq(
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 }*aj &
|<y1<O>F
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 fjuPGg~
Rt5Xqz\6i
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; m")p]B&i=
AI, E9
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; L}A2$@
hQNUA|Q=%
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; @ Yo*h"s
F< dhG>E9
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; [i> D|X
4Yt'I#*
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system
Wkr31Du\K
XXD4T9Wy
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； zU4*FXt
[ g=4'4EZc
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene d*@K5?O.
^.*zBrFx
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； {"r
L3Lk
;:Tb_4Hr
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 Vp1Nk#
H
ItZ*$I1<
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， i|S/g.r
RS2uk 7MB
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： Q Vl"l'e8
'+*'sQvH[
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； Q*e\I8R}
O6">Io5
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； m; U_oxb
Yq{R*
HO
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion pTH5-l_f ]
L9!\\U
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； *- E '$
oS<*\!&D
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; 0E@*&Ru
AH:0h X6+
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 ( Dx p
0u
+_D8G
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission J"XZnb)E=
E=]|v+#~
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation [*
|+ it+!
p@oz[017/J
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate A
P ]`'C
X, }(MW
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； jVqpokWH
B#3Q 4c$
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile - wh
x~](d8*=
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 "/ %o'Fq
}]=@Y/p
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension `Q[NrOqe"
(O& HCT|
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health B&<P >AZ
ph~BxK )i6
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork R*r"};
LjIkZ 'HuF
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years p1W6 s0L
RE1M4UV.
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health 0%)T]
SDS
whm| "}x)u
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. rK |("
\[]?9 Z=n
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； lQy-&d|=#^
W Bb*2
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle; hDQk z qW
f>|<5zm#<
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 ]wi0qc2 {
%F^,6y
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; kt=& mq/ B
9%bErMH L
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from oB~V~c}8x
N;k )>
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. ) .KMZ]
UtQCTNjC{
There have been more deaths from drowning. ayQ eT
eTay/i<-
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ lJdYR'/Wd
*u",-n
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； Rjv; [
.!Kqcz% A
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; B2a#:E,6
$R NHRA.
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 `j!_tE`
#dD0vYT&od
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak WuFBt=%
9 * huO#
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; =8%* Rrj^
= ^Vp \
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; m l@% H
Y_EEnx&>
i
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； ByO?qft>u
cza_LO(
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； {?2|
rv)
VJFFH\!`
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 ^8J`*R8CL
6}!1a?X
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； 8lGM
>(:o
)9[u*|+
养老保险 endowment insurance； CV_ M |
jD} h`(bE
退休养老金retirement pension； sR[!6[AA
|WEl5 bNc3
Health Care Reform医疗改革 LHXR7Fjc
,UNk]vd
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； u' Q82l&Y
_ DT,iF*6
37.月经期menstrual period eEP{?F^I[
-gS9I^
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace G
& NK
xkii Qs)
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care ; UM(y@
1"75+ Q>D
40.安乐死euthanasia； 0B!(i.w
>1;jBx>Qy%
41.得绝症的terminally ill； . %e>>U>F
la w$LL
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care G.~ Q2O#T
}2"W0ZdWD
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient *($,ay$&H
O6)Po
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. D&2NO /
R
"
) \V
WysWg7,r
W&R67ff|
