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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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楼主  发表于: 2016-07-27   

2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 7[=*#7}.  
  一、肺 Lung v$~1{}iI5  
  清晰 clear \cJ?2^Eq  
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows C:z+8wt  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings oA/[>\y  
  钙化灶 calcified L_4c~4  
  空洞 cavitation ,',  S  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) 4-j3&(  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density u NmbR8Mx  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows DpD19)ouy  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density |T`ZK?B+u  
  圆形致密影 a round density P;~`%,+S  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening T0HNld  
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle @6["A'h  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement P}"=67$  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion 2Xw=kwu  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax <'T:9  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement 0FN;^hP5|  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze xE>jlr?  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density Fw{:fFZC[  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) TEJn;D<1I,  
  阴影性状 shadow zv%]j0 ?  
  淡的 haziness DtEvt+h  
  云雾状 clouding 1`sLbPW  
  线装 streaky YL?2gBT  
  絮状 patcky sA(d_ Yu_  
  结节状 nodular jm ORKX+)  
  块状 massive CJa`[;i0y  
  粟粒状 miliary #}xw *)3  
  融合状 confluent /]1$Soo  
  均匀的 homogeneous +x!Hc  
  二、心脏 Heart hr@kU x  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement #zf,%IYF  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta nmo<t]  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart Vb @lK~  
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment bmzY^ %a  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery mAM:Q*a'  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow 5FJ(x:k?z  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement 11^.oa+`  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation Qx")D?u  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart Hk8lHja+\  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta P @Jo[J<  
  心腰部 waist of heart @=r o/.  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart | LX Vf  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film %y{'p:   
  结石 calculus |1pD n7  
  钙化影 calcified shadow [C#H _y(  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern diWi0@  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level g-~]^$  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air ],~H3u=s3  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination j4:Xel/  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography .3'U(U  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography (zX75QSKV  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign 8|{d1dy  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) R=J5L36F  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine x~JOg57up  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon `aDVN_h{6  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time ]]NTvr  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach {O6yJckH  
  充盈缺损 filling defect ?J@P0(M#  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds I}+9@d  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) Jr=XVQ(F  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap 7NRm\%^q  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) []$L"?]0uk  
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis 6~-,.{Y  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis +1]A$|qyW  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation X4<Y5?&0  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon a%2K,.J  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold DLN zH  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold 3T/&T`T+c  
  五、胆道 bile tract je`Inn<  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography g`w46X  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography .^6yCs5~`  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography ;Z9(ll:<$  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) L_tjclk0J  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct YkbuyUui  
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily h'+F'1=  
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately ME66BWg{  
  收缩功能 contractibility (((|vI3 <  
  六、骨骼skeleton e{H(  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone B1A:}#  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance `2/V.REX$h  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction  dZox;_b  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) lD{*Z spz  
  骨化 ossification phQ{<wzwp  
  畸形 deformity FKPR;H8>  
  缩短 shortening &;sW4j nt  
  移位 displacement l&*= .Zc7!  
  脱位 luxation Sx8C<S5r<  
  半脱位 subluxation 7X)4ec9H\  
  连接不正 malunion RL )~J4Y  
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture ?\kuP ?\  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture Cg|\UKfy$  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture %E"v@  
  关节间隙 joint space ~ToU._  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space (AX$S vw  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage ` Z/ MQ  
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) Qm=iCZ|E^!  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis ~4|Trz2T  
  死骨 sequestrum d"n"A?nXh  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis $$uMu{?0i  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint C#4_`4{  
  关节强直 ankyloses 0m=57c$O  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation "$aoIXv  
  对线良好 good alignment y=.bn!u}z  
  对位良好 good apposition +KD7Di91<K  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system bdY:-8!3  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) ~A1!!rJX  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography Nu OxEyC  
  萎缩 atrophy $PI9vyS  
  移位 deformity 0\vG <  
  扭曲 distortion qE|syA9  
  充盈缺损 filling defect [3I| MZ  
  狭窄 stricture .c:h!-D;  
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone 15q^&l[Q  
  八、X线检查位置 {y a .  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection +iF t)  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection y4LUC;[n  
  侧位 lateral projection oP9 y@U  
  立位 upright position lixM0  
  斜位 oblique projection {=?(v`88  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection $B_%MfI  
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection <nN.$4~X  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection Rw%?@X3m]  
  轴位 axial position ;>f\fhi'  
  头位 cranial projection =>B"j`oR  
  尾位 caudal projection 1:<(Q2X%  
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