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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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楼主  发表于: 2016-07-27   

2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 G/>upnA{w  
  一、肺 Lung iI ji[>qz  
  清晰 clear U1G"T(;s:  
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows }md[hiJ  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings CM?dB$AwX  
  钙化灶 calcified {;1 Mud  
  空洞 cavitation (@@t,\iF  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) C-' n4AY^  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density Pd9qY 8CP  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows |1C=Ow*"  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density 8g Wifx #N  
  圆形致密影 a round density bzD <6Z  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening |n3fAN  
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle \9T CP;{  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement kSoa '  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion $\?BAkx  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax C# IV"Pkq  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement !j[Oy r|  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze %K [_;8  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density {#"[h1  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) A+v6N>}*  
  阴影性状 shadow veX#K#  
  淡的 haziness VsEMF i=  
  云雾状 clouding > __t 2  
  线装 streaky 5%M 'ewu  
  絮状 patcky 'Vq_/g!?1  
  结节状 nodular $j=c;+W  
  块状 massive vt)u`/u  
  粟粒状 miliary _Bh-*e2k  
  融合状 confluent 1_$y bftS  
  均匀的 homogeneous i i&kfy  
  二、心脏 Heart }4G/x;D  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement t* eZe`|  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta 0 _ 4p>v:  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart d +0(H   
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment W  &wqN  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery vX|i5P0)8  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow 3i1e1Lj1  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement JG6"5::  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation xZ2^lsY  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart +<qmVW^X  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta =)tU]kp  
  心腰部 waist of heart up`.#GWm  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart /;P* ?  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film E(t:F^z&D  
  结石 calculus %K@s0uQ  
  钙化影 calcified shadow !l2=J/LJj  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern g+CTF67  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level Tz/=\_}  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air h$\+r<  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination ]<y _ =>  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography H|V q  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography &+"-'7  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign @C \>P49  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) uLr 9*nxd  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine "XvM1G&s`  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon /m>%=_nz  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time 6:  PQkr  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach F|Y}X|x8Q  
  充盈缺损 filling defect 'j6)5WL$  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds 'VH%cz*  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) 0W}iKT[Z  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap s> d /9 b  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) -wA^ao   
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis .)eJL  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis SLCV|@G  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation 'a&(r;  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon A4C4xts]N  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold gOk<pRcTb=  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold R9dC$Y]\M  
  五、胆道 bile tract e+_~a8 -|  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography ;c>Co:W  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography u0 & aw  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography $ U~3$*R  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) ^N{Lau  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct -~wGJM VA  
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily ;t^8lC?>V  
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately NZj_7j|o9  
  收缩功能 contractibility Stq [[S5P  
  六、骨骼skeleton p_K` `JE  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone Hcts^zm2u  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance z3 zN^ZT  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction Obd};&6Q  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) )2 Omsh  
  骨化 ossification n$z}DE5 #  
  畸形 deformity f,e7;u z%  
  缩短 shortening /^BaQeH?R  
  移位 displacement 9/La _ :K  
  脱位 luxation 5>o<! 0g  
  半脱位 subluxation |C MKY  
  连接不正 malunion Hl@)j   
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture ] i}3`e?  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture 6b-j  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture 3L;GfYr0  
  关节间隙 joint space *1Q~/<W  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space > @Ux8#  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage `ViFY   
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) (x.O]8GKP  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis W6b5elH@  
  死骨 sequestrum h{dR)#)GF<  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis D"5uN0Z  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint q~3dbj  
  关节强直 ankyloses kt.y"^  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation "y%S.ipWG  
  对线良好 good alignment F?+K~['i  
  对位良好 good apposition 0a#2 Lo  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system sj)$o94=  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) }d, iA FG  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography mP1EWh|  
  萎缩 atrophy &&N]u e@>  
  移位 deformity -SZW[T<N"  
  扭曲 distortion M_o<6C  
  充盈缺损 filling defect p4 \r`  
  狭窄 stricture kc0YWW Q-:  
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone $1Lm=2;U  
  八、X线检查位置 O 23dtH  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection 0>uMR{ #  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection `iX~cUQ  
  侧位 lateral projection 3Mvm'T:[  
  立位 upright position gAy,uP~,  
  斜位 oblique projection KL2#Bm_  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection bt=%DMTn  
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection )G7")I J/X  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection {Z>OAR#   
  轴位 axial position __}j {Buk  
  头位 cranial projection ;QT.|.t6  
  尾位 caudal projection =WaZy>n}7  
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