时态语态和语气的使用错误 6TW< ,SM
1. 时态错误。 主要是指在一个句子中，出现不同的时态，从而造成时态不一致，如： He can’t remember what he once knows. v 6
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2. 语态错误。 在 cet6 综合改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。不及物动词不能带宾语，因而也就没有被动语态。如： She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account. #&'S-XE+
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3. 虚拟语态错误。 此类使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主语和从句的语气不协调，如： We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible. 句中动词 suggest 之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故“ is ”应该 “ be ”或“ should be ”。类似的动词还有 demand ， insist ， order 等等。 M7/5e3
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下面通过一些例题来进行具体讲解： GJB+] b-
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例 1 I0F [Z\U
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These newly wedded couples usually came here and meet 1.__________ 5$U 49j
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由于前面的时态已经限制为过去时，而且 came 和 meet 是并列结构，两者时态应该保持一致，因此应该将 meet 改为 met ，或者将 came 改为 come ，具体情况依据上下文的语境时态而定。 C/!P&`<6
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例 2
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for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________ V
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本句中三个平行成分 which products to emphasize now ， which to develop for the future 和 which to be dropped 结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而 to be dropped 应改为 to drop 。 <YCjo[(~
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例 3 9|jMN
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根据句子意思可知，此处的 liquid 不可能为动作的发生者，显然此处应该是被动语态，故应该将 has 改为 is 或者在 has 后加 been 均可，意思是指“已经安全获得的液体”。 V%*91 t _
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Did they gone there yesterday, they would have discovered 1.__________ z3^gufOkQ
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根据句子意思可知，这句话是说如果他们昨天去了就会发现事实真相，然而他们并未去，此处是虚拟语气，因此应该使用虚拟语气的格式，将 Did 改为 Had 。 tI0 D{Xrc
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练习题 $|@-u0sv
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1 These small households were portraits of 2`V0k.$?p
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independence: the entire family, mother, father, M^n^wz
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and working together to support each other. 1.__________ Nc^:v /(P
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2 In the meantime the unscientific world awoke Q ~eh_>"
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to the fact that scientists are on the track of a great 2.__________ w,1*dn
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3 For in 1895, the year of the Curie marriage, z|<?=c2P
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named after him--- he forerunners of modern A4)TJY
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4 Mary hoped at one time to study at the University MwD8a<2Dg
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of Cracow, then under Austrian rule. But when she .bNG:y >
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demanded to allowed to attend science lectures, the 4.__________ 1(WBvAPS
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secretary said that science was not a thing in which m :2A[H+
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women can meddle. N@I=X-7nh|
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5 Many part-time stu dents expected to offered some 5.__________ [`! %u3
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6 Many people who live in London think that life in 5I/lF oy7
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a large city offered special advantages. 6.__________ G
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7 The changes that taken place in air travel during 7.__________ ">vi= Tr
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to even the most Brilliant scientists at the turn of :a9
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have plan every thing ahead carefully. 8.__________ >~_)2_j
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9 No bank kept enough cash to pay all its depositors 9.__________ 8#/y`ul
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10 The Conestoga wagon, used for carry heavy loads 10.__________ JfmYr47Pv
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答案：
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1. working→work。此句总体上讲述的是这些小家庭独立的掠影，而后半句解释到这些小家庭的成员生活在一起、工作在一起的情景，应该用一般现在时，和live保持一致。 8:> V'j
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2. are→were。 i s~2{:
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3. are→were。 -J w4z# /-
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4. allow前加be。“be allowed to do sth.”是“被允许作……”的意思。 eLnS1w 2
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5. offered前加be。“offer”是及物动词，后面应该接双宾语结构，即“offer sb. sth.”而在该句中缺少成分而只有宾语补主语，应该将其改为被动语态，即“be offered sth.” Jv+ w{"&
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6. offered→offers。
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7. taken前加have。 hlB\Xt
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8. plan→planned。 U/^#nU.,
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9. kept→keep。 ?' z/S5&j
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10. carry→carrying。
