第三节 最高级 Se>v|6
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考点一 最高级的形式 IGo+O*dMw
一、英文中表示最的概念时,形容词要变为最高级,其形式主要有两种:
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在词尾加-est (单音节形容词), 如:low-lowest, late-latest, lucky-luckiest, fit-fittest; @ X5#?
或在词之前加most (多音节形容词), 如:most important, most sensitive sU/vXweky"
少数词最高级形式特殊,如:good(well)-best, bad(ill)-worst, many(much)-most, little-least, etc. "Rn@yZV
TOEFL经常会出现这样的搭配: most highest, 这是不对的,hightest已经是最高级,前面当然不能在加most. bd[iD?epD]
例题: >]kZ2gVt
(1) 68~5Dx
The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which involves using a circular f/U~X;
A B "8E=*2fcw
dish with a small pocket at the bottom. dRUmC H
C D $F6GCM3Cx
答案:A ?O0,)hro
应改为:easiest. HBA|NV3.
解释:easiest本身已是最高级, most纯属画蛇添足, 应去掉 +ZkJ{r0,(
二、没有等级的形容词 % -.V6}V
有些形容词本身就具有“比….年长”、“ 比…..优越”等含义,因此也就没有比较级和最高级。比如: inferior, superior, senior, anterior。这些形容词往往和to连用,而不和than连用。 v)nBp\fjxp
有些形容词本身就具备“最、极”的含义,所以就没有最高级和比较级。如: &D&U!3~(
absolute(绝对的), unique(独一无二的), infinite(无限的), round(圆的), right(对的), correct(正确的), wrong(错误的), perfect(完美的),这类形容词往往被称为绝对形容词
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例题: <kazV<"
Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a ---- place in English literature. 4wx{i6
(A) most unique i]& >+R<6
(B) unique =FQH5iSd
(C) least unique EmyE%$*T
(D)very unique g
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答案: B ]2_=(N\Kt
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考点二 最高级前的限定词 67U6`9d
(1) 形容级做定语时, 最高级前通常要加定冠词the ,如: me90|GOx+
the most important thing, the biggest elephant iKv"200h(
但当最高级前有物主代词时,不需加the, 如: gCbS$Pw
my latest hobby, her most interesting experience vZPBjloT!.
(2) 形容词作表语时,最高级前通常不加限定词 W)L*zVj~
如:She looks happiest whenever you are around. hb1eEn
Excuse me, but I'm busiest at the moment. gO/\Yi
例题: biRkqc;
(1) W9S6
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Of all the Native Americans in the United States, the Navajos form largest group. (/ -90u
A B C D EIF
答案: D 1JV-X G6
应改为: form the largest |<%v`*
解释: largest是最高级, 作group的定语, 之前必须加定冠词the }-
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考点三 范围词
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伴随最高级出现的往往有表示范围的词或短语,常用of 或among或 in 引导, 表示“在….之中”。 如:of all, in the world, in the country等, 在填空题的题干中包含表示范围的词时,空格处需填最高级 *DvQnj
例题: onm"7JsO'
(1) 7tne/Yz
The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2, 020 miles from Maine to a'O-0]g,
A B w8zr0z
Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world. TgKSE1
C D a3,A_M}M'
答案:C UK)wV
应改为:longest. t_+owiF)M
解释:本句有范围词in the world, 则定冠词the 之后应采用形容词最高级形式 7/iN`3Bz
考点四 most的其他用法 (Dn1Eov
对于most来讲,除了构成某些词最高级外,most的用法有几点需要注意,经常成为改错题的考点: Qx&7Ceu"
1. 当most表示大多数时,之前不加the, 并且有两种形式来表示大多数,分别为: =h.`
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most + 名词,如:most people, most Indian tribes; PJ,G_+b!
most + of + 限定词 + 名词或代词,如:most of his paintings,most of us, most of the modern artists ux)Wh.5
2. most有时意思等同于very, 此时most之前用不定冠词,如: *\*]:BIe&v
a most lovely girl, a most impressive proposal a%`L+b5-$
例题: 2nCHL'8N
(1) D`U,T&@
The most substances expand in volume when they are heated. Ml/K~H
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A B C D C8=r sh
答案:A l~[
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应改为:Most tH:?aP*2
解释:most只有在表示形容词最高级作定语时需加定冠词,此句表示“大多数”,没必要加the. 5acC4v!T
(2) O2xqNQ`d
The most often flour is made from wheat, but it may also be made from the seeds
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A B C JURg=r]LI
of other cereal plants. 99n;
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答案:A IDdu2HNu
应改为:most. O%<+&