政 府 工 作 报 告 9jBr868
——2006年3月5日在第十届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上 jH/% Z5
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国务院总理 温家宝 skArocs
The following is the full text of the Report on the Work of the Government delivered by Premier Wen Jiabao at the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress on March 5, 2006. IMEoov-x
下面是温家宝总理2006年3月5日在第十届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上所作的政府工作报告全文 lK@r?w|<M
Report of the Work of the Government 7nIMIkT:
Edited by Jiang Shuidong 7:<> #
(Delivered at the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress on March 5, 2006) :/Zh[Q@EG
Wen Jiabao P1jkoJ
Premier of the State Council %%u4( ' =
各位代表： 9 f+7vCA
现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。 M](U"K?
Fellow Deputies, O;tn5
On behalf of the State Council, I would like to present to you the following report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I also welcome comments and suggestions on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. >
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一、去年工作回顾 8i"fhN3?Y
2005年，我国社会主义现代化事业取得显著成就。 ]e9k
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——经济平稳较快发展。全年国内生产总值达到18.23万亿元，比上年增长9.9%；财政收入突破3万亿元，增加5232亿元；居民消费价格总水平上涨1.8%。国民经济呈现增长较快、效益较好、价格较稳的良好局面。 }%|OnEk"
I Review of the Work of the Past Year ^a
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Major achievements were made in 2005 in the socialist modernization drive. `WL*Jb
-- Economic growth was fast yet steady. China's GDP reached 18.23 trillion yuan in 2005, an increase of 9.9 percent over the previous year. Government revenue exceeded 3 trillion yuan, 523.2 billion more than the previous year. The consumer price index rose by 1.8 percent. China's economy was in good shape and characterized by fast growth, improved economic returns and stable prices. w VB8PO8
——改革开放迈出重大步伐。一些重点领域和关键环节的改革取得新突破；进出口贸易总额达到1.42万亿美元，增长23.2%；实际利用外商直接投资603亿美元；年末国家外汇储备达到8189亿美元。 l0V@19Ec
——社会事业取得新进步。科技、教育、文化、卫生、体育等事业全面发展。神舟六号载人航天飞行圆满成功，标志着我国在一些重要科技领域达到世界先进水平。 Orgje@c{
-- Major steps were taken in reform and opening up. Breakthroughs were achieved in some key areas. China's import and export volume totaled 1.42 trillion U.S. dollars, an increase of 23.2 percent. Total foreign direct investment actually used reached 60.3 billion dollars, and the country's foreign exchange reserves totaled 818.9 billion dollars at the end of 2005. 8 iB}a\]B
-- Continued progress was made in social programs. Science and technology, education, culture, health, sports and other undertakings developed in an all-round way. The success of the Shenzhou VI manned space flight shows that China has reached world-class levels in some key areas of science and technology. #B[>\D"*
——人民生活进一步改善。城镇新增就业970万人；城镇居民人均可支配收入达到10493元，农村居民人均纯收入达到3255元，扣除价格因素，分别增长9.6%和6.2%。 #t*c*o
我国在全面建设小康社会道路上迈出了新的坚实步伐。 XafyI*pOX
一年来，我们以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局，主要做了以下几方面工作： :yeTzIz]
-- People's lives continued to improve. A total of 9.7 million urban residents entered the workforce for the first time last year. Urban per capita disposable income rose to 10,493 yuan, an increase of 9.6 percent after adjusting for inflation, and rural per capita net income grew to 3,255 yuan, an increase of 6.2 percent after adjusting for inflation. +iR ;D$w
China took another substantial step forward on the road of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. }#1{Ghs S
We adopted a scientific outlook on development to guide China's overall economic and social development last year. We mainly undertook the following tasks. qYs6P LC
（一）着力解决经济运行中的突出问题。继续搞好宏观调控，坚持区别对待、有保有压的原则，综合运用财税、货币、土地等手段，控制固定资产投资过快增长，遏制房地产投资过快增长和房价过快上涨的势头。进一步增加农业、能源、交通、社会事业等薄弱环节投入，促进协调发展，增强发展后劲。加强经济运行调节，继续缓解煤电油运紧张状况，保障了经济平稳较快增长。 qn .
1. Solving the major problems affecting economic performance. We continued to exercise effective macroeconomic regulation in accordance with the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others. We used a combination of fiscal, tax, monetary and land policies to curb overheated growth in fixed asset and real estate investment and ballooning housing prices. In addition, we increased investment in weak links such as agriculture, energy, transport, and social programs to promote balanced development and provide momentum for future development. We improved economic regulation and reduced the pressure on tight supplies of coal, electricity, and petroleum and on the overloaded transportation system, thus ensuring fast yet steady growth of China's economy. 6>Fw, $
（二）积极推进经济结构调整和增长方式转变。继续加强“三农”工作。28个省（区、市）全部免征了农业税，全国取消了牧业税。增加对种粮农民的补贴和对产粮大县及财政困难县的转移支付，对部分粮食主产区的重点粮食品种实行最低收购价政策，多渠道增加农民收入。全年中央财政用于“三农”的支出达到2975亿元，比上年增加349亿元。粮食总产量在上年大幅度增长的基础上，又增产1454万吨，达到48401万吨。农业综合生产能力得到加强，粮食稳定增产和农民持续增收，为经济平稳较快发展和社会稳定奠定了基础。 !~#31kL&
2. Promoting economic restructuring and change of the pattern of economic growth. Work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers was further intensified. The agricultural tax was rescinded in 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, and the livestock tax was rescinded nationwide. We increased subsidies to grain producers and transfer payments to major grain-producing counties and financially strapped counties, set floor prices for the purchase of key grain varieties in some major grain-producing areas, and increased rural incomes through a variety of channels. Last year, 297.5 billion yuan from the central government budget was spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, a year-on-year increase of 34.9 billion yuan. Having risen considerably the previous year, total grain output rose again by 14.54 million tons to 484.01 million tons. The increased overall agricultural capacity, stable increase in grain production and steady increase in rural incomes provide the foundation for ensuring fast yet steady economic development and social stability. e#
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在产业结构调整方面，制定和实施了能源、重要原材料和装备制造等行业发展规划和产业政策，提出了促进流通业发展的政策措施，引导和支持重点行业健康发展；淘汰了一批高耗能、高污染和不符合安全生产条件的落后生产能力。 S_atEmQ
In industrial restructuring, we formulated and implemented development programs and industrial policies for energy, important raw material production, equipment manufacturing and other sectors, and adopted policy measures to encourage development of the wholesale and retail industry. We guided and supported major industries to ensure their sound development and closed down a number of production facilities that had backward equipment, wasted energy, created serious pollution and were unsafe. )_ y{^kn3^
为推进经济增长方式转变，突出抓了能源资源节约和环境保护，提出了建设资源节约型社会、发展循环经济的任务和政策措施，启动了178项节能、节水和资源综合利用等重大项目。加强了矿产开发、土地利用和城乡规划管理。去年投入国债资金152亿元，主要用于淮河、太湖等重点流域污染防治和天然林保护、退耕还林还草、防沙治沙等重点生态工程。深入开展环保专项治理，解决了一些危害群众健康的环境问题。 ) )N c|`
We paid particular attention to energy and resource conservation and environmental protection and laid out tasks, policies and measures for building a resource-conserving society and developing a circular economy in order to change the pattern of economic growth. We launched 178 major projects that save energy and water and comprehensively utilize resources. Management of mineral exploration and exploitation, land use, and urban and rural planning was enhanced. Last year, 15.2 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds was used to finance key ecological projects undertaken to prevent and control pollution in the basins of the Huai River, Tai Lake and other major rivers and lakes, protect virgin forests, return farmland to forests or grassland, and prevent and control desertification. We launched special projects to address serious environmental problems that were endangering people's health. K':f!sZ&2
（三）深化体制改革和推进对外开放。农村综合改革试点继续推进。国有商业银行股份制改革和农村信用社改革取得重要进展，上市公司股权分置改革稳步推进，完善人民币汇率形成机制改革顺利实施。国有企业建立现代企业制度步伐加快。中央财政安排219亿元支持116户国有企业实施政策性关闭破产，企业分离办社会职能工作继续进行。财税、投资、价格改革继续深化。邮政体制改革开始启动。铁路、民航体制改革取得新进展。制定并实施了鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济发展的政策措施。一些重点领域和关键环节的改革，取得了突破性进展。 KRQ/wuv
3. Deepening economic restructuring and opening China further to the outside world. Trials of comprehensive rural reform were carried forward. Significant progress was made in introducing a shareholding system in state-owned commercial banks and in reforming rural credit cooperatives. Reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies made steady progress. Reform of the mechanism for setting the Renminbi exchange rate was implemented smoothly. Introduction of a modern corporate structure in state-owned enterprises was accelerated. A total of 21.9 billion yuan was allocated by the central government to subsidize the policy-based closure and bankruptcy of 116 state-owned enterprises. The work of relieving enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs continued. Reform in the areas of public finance, tax, investment and pricing was deepened. Reform of the postal service system was initiated. Further progress was made in the reform of the railway and civil aviation systems. Policy measures were adopted to encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy. Breakthroughs were made in reforms in some major areas. F&\o1g-L
我们积极应对对外开放中出现的新情况新问题。调整出口退税、关税和加工贸易政策，优化对外贸易结构。完善出口退税机制。稳步推进服务业对外开放。全面部署了加入世界贸易组织后过渡期的各项工作。 UkC\[$-"\
We actively addressed new issues arising in the course of opening China to the outside world. The structure of foreign trade was improved by adjusting policies concerning export rebates, tariffs and processing trade. The export rebate mechanism was improved. Steady progress was made in opening the service sector to foreign competition. Overall arrangements were made for work after the transition period following China's entry into the WTO. j8b:+io
（四）加快发展各项社会事业。2005年中央财政用于科技、教育、卫生、文化等方面的支出1168亿元，比上年增长18.3%；投入国债建设资金95.4亿元。 xFJ>s -g*
4. Accelerating the development of social programs. The central government spent 116.8 billion yuan in 2005 on science and technology, education, health and culture, an increase of 18.3 percent over the previous year. In addition, 9.54 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds was spent on these items. LImD]e `
在科技方面，加强了国家创新体系、基础研究和基础设施建设。集成电路芯片设计开发、第三代移动通信、高性能复合材料、高档数控机床研制等重大科技专项取得重要进展。在国务院领导下，组织和动员各方面力量，经过两年多的深入研究和广泛论证，制定了《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要》。 Q'N<jX[
In science and technology, we improved the national innovation system and strengthened basic research and infrastructure development. Important progress was made in major R&D projects, including those to design and develop advanced integrated circuit chips, third-generation mobile communications, high-performance composite materials, and high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools. Under the leadership of the State Council, we formulated the Outline of the National Long- and Medium-Term Program for Scientific and Technological Development based on two years of in-depth research and extensive deliberation during which the views of all concerned parties were solicited. m-:k]
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在教育方面，重点加强了义务教育特别是农村义务教育。中央和地方财政安排专项资金70多亿元，对592个重点贫困县1700万名贫困家庭学生免除学杂费、免费提供教科书和补助寄宿生生活费，还为中西部地区1700多万名贫困家庭学生免费提供教科书，许多辍学儿童重新回到学校。继续实施西部地区“两基”攻坚计划。两年来新建、改建、扩建农村寄宿制学校2400多所，为16万个农村中小学校和教学点配备了远程教育设施。职业教育得到进一步加强。高等教育持续发展。 W*)>Tr)o
In education, we focused on strengthening compulsory education, especially in rural areas. Over 7 billion yuan was allocated by the central and local governments to pay tuition and miscellaneous fees, provide free textbooks, and subsidize room and board for 17 million students from poor families in 592 designated poverty-stricken counties. Free textbooks were also provided to over 17 million students from poor families in the central and western regions. As a result, many students who had dropped out of school were able to continue their studies. We continued to implement the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western region. We built, renovated or expanded over 2,400 boarding schools in rural areas and provided distance learning equipment for 160,000 rural primary and secondary schools and learning centers over the past two years. Vocational education was further improved, and higher education continued to develop. ] 3v
在卫生方面，着力加强公共卫生体系建设和农村卫生工作。近三年，中央和地方投入105亿元，基本建成了覆盖省市县三级的疾病预防控制体系；总投资为164亿元的突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系建设进展顺利。中央安排30亿元国债资金支持中西部乡镇卫生院建设，改善农村医疗卫生条件。新型农村合作医疗制度试点已扩大到671个县，惠及1.77亿农民。加强艾滋病等重大疾病防治。高度重视高致病性禽流感疫情防控工作，有效遏制了疫情蔓延和对人的传播。人口和计划生育工作取得新进展。 R#t~i&v/
In health, we put great effort into improving the public health system and rural health care work. Over the past three years, the central and local governments spent 10.5 billion yuan to basically complete establishment of a disease prevention and control system that operates at the provincial, city and county levels. A total of 16.4 billion yuan was spent on setting up a medical treatment system for public health emergencies, and work is proceeding smoothly. The central government spent 3 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds to support the establishment of health clinics in towns and townships in the central and western regions, thus improving public health and medical treatment conditions there. Trials of a new type of rural cooperative medical care system were extended to 671 counties with a total of 177 million rural residents. We intensified efforts to prevent and treat major diseases such as AIDS and gave high priority to the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza, keeping it from spreading and infecting people. Progress was made in population work and family planning. _^B+
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在文化方面，积极开展文化体制改革试点工作，公共文化基础设施建设进一步加强，文化信息资源共享工程顺利实施。对外文化交流日益活跃。体育事业取得新成绩。社会主义精神文明建设得到加强。 nL$tXm-x
In culture, we launched a trial reform of the cultural system, upgraded culture-related facilities for public use, implemented the project to share cultural information, and increased cultural exchanges with other countries. Further successes were achieved in the country's athletic endeavors. Greater efforts were made to promote socialist cultural and ideological progress. &45.*l|mo
（五）努力做好就业和社会保障工作。加大对就业再就业的政策支持和资金投入。去年中央财政安排国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障专项补助、再就业补助209亿元，比上年增加29亿元。统筹做好城镇新增劳动力、高校毕业生、复员退伍军人等就业工作。中央财政还安排专项资金支持农村劳动力转移培训和城镇退役士兵自谋职业。 P>H'od
5. Striving to increase employment and improve social security work. We increased policy support and spending to expand employment and reemployment. The central government last year allocated 20.9 billion yuan to provide basic living allowances and reemployment subsidies to employees laid off from state-owned enterprises, 2.9 billion more than the year before. We did a good job providing employment for urban residents newly entering the workforce, college graduates and demobilized soldiers. A special fund was also set up in central government budget to support job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment and to assist demobilized soldiers from urban areas in finding jobs for themselves. *?uF&( 0
社会保障体系不断完善，覆盖面进一步扩大。已有17个省（区、市）完成国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨。城市低保对象基本实现应保尽保。重点优抚对象抚恤补助标准明显提高，中央财政安排优抚事业费74.6亿元，比上年增长90%。28个省（区、市）、2300个县（市）已初步建立社会救助体系的基本框架。救灾和扶贫工作力度加大。全年中央财政用于抗灾救灾的资金89亿元，救助受灾群众9000多万人次。中央和地方财政安排扶贫资金162亿元，农村贫困人口比上年减少245万人。 /xmd]XM=_
The social security system underwent steady improvement, and its coverage was expanded. The work of incorporating basic living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises into the unemployment benefit system was completed in 17 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. All urban residents entitled to basic living allowances are now basically receiving them. Allowances for key entitled groups were increased significantly, and 7.46 billion yuan was allocated from the central government budget for allowances for entitled groups, a 90 percent increase from the previous year. The basic framework of a social assistance system has been established in 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government and in 2,300 counties and cities. Disaster relief and anti-poverty work was intensified. Total expenditures from the central government budget for fighting natural disasters and providing disaster relief came to 8.9 billion yuan last year, and more than 90 million people were helped. The central and local governments allocated 16.2 billion yuan for poverty alleviation, and the number of rural residents living in poverty decreased by 2.45 million. \ l:n
（六）切实加强民主法制建设。基层民主政治建设继续推进，21个省（区、市）完成了村委会换届选举。政务公开、厂务公开和村务公开不断扩大。加强了政府决策科学化、民主化工作，对涉及群众利益的重大事项实行公示、听证等制度。重视政府法制建设，国务院提出了劳动合同法、妇女权益保障法和个人所得税法修正案（草案）等7部法律议案，制定并颁布了《重大动物疫情应急条例》、《关于预防煤矿生产安全事故的特别规定》等22部行政法规。制定和实施了《国家突发公共事件总体应急预案》和专项预案，应对突发事件的能力不断提高。审计、监察监督进一步强化。认真做好实施《中华人民共和国公务员法》的准备工作。实施新的《信访条例》，畅通了信访渠道，规范了信访秩序。稳步推进司法体制改革。深入开展规范执法行为、促进执法公正的专项整改活动，保障公民合法权益。继续加强社会治安综合治理，依法严厉打击各种违法犯罪活动，刑事发案数有所下降，社会保持稳定。 D@Q|QY5qic
6. Strengthening democracy and the legal system. Democracy continued to make advances at the local level, and elections for village committees were held in 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. The running of governments, factories and villages was made more transparent. Government decision making was made more scientific and democratic, and a system of public notices and public hearings on matters affecting the interests of the people was instituted. Much effort was put into passing government legislation. The State Council sponsored seven bills, including the revised versions of the Labor Contract Law, the Law Guaranteeing the Rights and Interests of Women, and the Individual Income Tax Law (draft),
