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The second most important constituent of the biosphere is zy(i]
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liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, (fgX!G[W
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since water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C. This is NIeKS_ +
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only a tiny range compared with the low temperatures of some )!1; =
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other planets and the hot interior of the earth, let the temperature __1__ sQ65QJtt0A
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of the sun. by controlpanel 9I>+Q&
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As we know, life would only be possible on the face of a __2__ ,63hO.4M
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planet had temperatures somewhere within this range. __3__ NiU}A$U
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The earth’s supply of water probably remains quite fairly constant __4__ @%L4^ms
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in quantity. A certain number of hydrogen atoms, which 6JWCB9$4
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are one of the main constituents of water, are lost by escaping mj0{Nd
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from the atmosphere to out space, but they are probably just __5__ >_QC_UX>4i
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about to be replaced by new water rising away from the depths of the __6__ o+W5xHe^1
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earth during volcanic action. The total quantity of water is not 0bxB@(NO
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known, and it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe __7__ Y)Y`9u<?
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to a depth of about two and three-quarter kms. Most of it—97% wZVY h
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is in the form of the salt waters of the oceans. The rest is 3v
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fresh, but three quarter of this is in the form of ice at the Poles __8__ *6~ODiB
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and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems when __9__ *vFVXJo
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melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat fewer __10__ Pg"
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than 1%of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored as underground b:/ ;
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water as is actually on the surface. There is also a minor,