中国科学院2003年3月博士研究生入学考试试题 !:^?GN #~x
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PAPER ONE aS
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PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION ey/ =\@[p
Section A .Xm?tC<
Directions: In this section, you will hear ten short conversations betwen two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The question will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. FpYeuH
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1. A. She is sick. B. she is hungry. +U^H`\EUr
C. She was bitten by an ant. D. She had a long bicycle ride. H gk@I;
2. A. He's outgoing. B. He's considerate. "?n
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C. He's successful. D. He's nice to all. g)**)mz[
3. A. 30 minutes. B. 25 minutes. 7W]0bJK+E
C. 20 minutes. D. 15 minutes. <t"KNKI
4. A. Take the air. B. Park the car. } b/Xui9Q
C. Fill in the from. D. Work on a text.
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5. A. Apply for a created. B. Get a driver's license. F`e o3z
C. Buy an insurance. D. Rent a vehicle. Ja [7/
6. Crime need to be treated as a disease. i[O{ M`Z%
B. Primitive punishment will do no good. (/^dyG|X'
C. Severe punishment is necessary to stop crime. tW[dJKw
D. Primitive people had trouble with crime treatment. 1x3>XN]a
7. A. The sale of the old houses.
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B. The pulling down of the gas company. dm l,|k=
C. The proposal of the council. HU47 S
D. The building of the office blocks. Dwa.ZY}-
8. A. He will not be able to marry Cindy. E0 6)&tF
B. He has financial problems. s)-O{5;U
C. He has yet to buy furniture. ,1e\}^
D. He may not be recovered until the wedding. "59"HVV
9. A. Both are having a cold. ,\ 'E<O2T
B. Both are on holidays. ~(P\'H&(h
C. The woman feels sorry for the man. 0o]T6
D. The woman hopes to see the man in the school. m;oCi }fL
10. A. He felt sympathy for the Vietnamese.
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B. He used to the U S unlawfully. z `2Ais@ao
C. He aided illegal immigration to the U S. kR]AW60 OE
D. He dealt with 7,000 immigration cases. bS&XlgnKi
Section B %Y-KjSs +l
Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be a questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During te pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. _BPp=(|
11. A. To make children grow tall and strong. Tr$37suF
B. To keep the soul in the body. X( qs]:
C. To prevent someone from saying evil things. {Z_?7J&z
D. To protect someone against catching a cold. ,c6c =di
12. A. They think a good spirit may help the child grow. ! D~\uW1b
B. They want to drive away the devil “sneeze.” n<3{QqF
C. They say it as a curse for the child to stop sneezing. `^'0__<M
D. They consider a sneeze an obstacle to the child's growth. %~E Oq\&
13. A. The German. B. The Italian. m* rw?nLZ
C. The Japanese. D. The Hindus. `(&GLv[i^2
14. A. All peoples are afraid of sneezing. a' |/=$
B. Some people never sneeze in their lives. aSH =|Jnc
C. The moment of sneezing is very dangerous. PD`EtkUnv
D. Many people say prayers when they sneeze. <hB~|
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15. A. A lack of available flights. B. Long delays at the airport. iL;{]A'0
C. When flying over cities. D. When flying at high altitudes. !HSX:qAP$
16. A. On short trips. B. On long trips. Y8Z-m (OQ
C. When flying over cities. D. When flying at high altitudes. 6(-c$d`C.0
17. A. It fuels with nuclear energy. 2|D<0d#W
B. It rests on a cushion of pressurized air. 4\iy{1{E,C
C. It flies above magnetically activated tracks. f@H>by
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D. It uses a device similar to a jet engine.
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18. A. She is poor in school grade. Q 'c[ yu
B. Her major is thought to be useless. QR(j7>+J^
C. Her job expectation is too high. n~'cKy )m
D. There is now an economic recession. R~N'5#.*M
19. A. Undergraduates. B. Experienced M. B. A.s. j38>5DM6L
C. Laid-off workers. D. Liberal-arts majors. :8l#jU `y
20. A Unemployment rate will get still higher. eJ_$ Etc
B. There will be no multiple job offers. WS2@;
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C. 2 million job seekers will compete for jobs. '$Fu3%ft
D. First-time job requirements will be lowered. ~vstuRRST
(THE IS THE END OF LISTENING COMPERHENSION) C)|#z/"
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PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY <c] ?
Directions: Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. !Tu 4V\^~A
21. His tick convinced none but the most__________.
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A. credulous B. plausible C. trustworthy D. feasible DPylc 9[-
22. Many people proposed that a national committee be formed to discuss__________to existing mass transit systems. Yy4l -} "
A. substitutes B. measures C. duplicates D. alternatives %lqrq<Xn
23. He is a hypocrite, a liar, a thief__________, he is the greatest devil I ever know. &d&n sQ
A. as a consequence B. as a rule C. as a matter of fact D. as a matter of routine L; 'C5#GN
24. Since she was alone, she opened the door__________, leaving the chain lock fastened. _NB8 >v
A. warily B. consciously C. audaciously D. recklessly
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25. In the last few minutes the conversation has become seemingly__________as if the discussion were of some minor domestic matte r and not survival itself. B+2Jea,N
A. crucial B. central C. casual D. causal N3o
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26. I didn't listen to Mom and I was not surprised at the look of__________on her face. nWsR;~pK
A. take up B. compliment C. negligence D. reproach :my@Oxx4@
27. The victims of drunken driving in America over the past decade__________an incredible 250,000, with three killed every hour of every day on average. <hzu Pi@
A. take up B. add up to C. count for D. turn out to , \R,
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28. He is believed to have been shot by a rival gang in__________for the shootings last week. x qLIs:*
A. revenge B. reserve C. reverse D. remedial ]R6Z(^XT,E
29. These pollutants can be_______hundreds and eve thousands of kilometers by large air masses. p^i]{"sjbU
A. contained B. conveyed C. contaminated D. conserved 6I~{~YvB"
30. There are a few small things that I don't like about my job, but__________it's very enjoyable. h sHtLH+@
A. all at once B. once and for all C. so much as D. by and large jW0aIS2O
31. In a divorce, the mother usually is granted__________of her children. Wkc^?0p
A. support B. retention C. perseverance D. custody egy# 8U)Z
32. What he had in mind__________to nothing less than a total reversal of the traditional role of the executive. DY!mq91
A. contributedB. dedicatedC. amountedD. added _~_6qTv-d
33. Some Heads of Government now fear that negotiations will_______before a settlement is reached. dX ;G [\
A. wear out B. come along C. break off D. end up 31n|ScXv
34. A ________of soap and two brightly colored towels were left beside the bath, the women smiled politely at Nicole and withdrew carefully form the room. Z'|A>4
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A. loaf B. bar C. stick D. block ~n`G>Oe3
35. of the 1,200 million people who call themselves Chinese,__________a very small number speak what is referred to as standard Chinese. j aq/]I7
A. none but B. but for C. all but D. but then } P/
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36. __________recent brain and behavioral research, Dr. Goleman wrote a fascinating book entitled “Emotional Intelligence.” E!v^j=h$u
A. Drawing up B. Drawing on C. Putting up D. Putting on o;M-M(EZQ6
37. Many people think of deserts as__________regions, but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there. c0W4< (
A. remote B. virgin C. alien D. barren `-[+(+["
38. Attempts to persuade her stay after she felt insulted were__________. I0]"o#Lj T
A. of no avail B. out of focus C. queerly D. in no way o= N_0
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39. Scientists are__________certain that there is a cancer-inhibiting agent in the blood of the shark. C*fSP dg?
A. dubiously B. virtually C. queerly D. randomly qvhol
40. The integration of staff for training has led to a good exchange of ideas, greater enthusiasm, and higher staff__________. 7]6HXR @
A. moral B. mortal C. morale D. mores -(YdK8
PART Ⅲ CLOZE TEST l#G }j^Q
Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. j2"Y{6c
It is appropriate on an anniversary of the founding of a university to remind ourselves of its purposes. It is equally appropriate at such time for students to__41__ why they have been chosen to attend and to consider how they can best__42__the privilege of attending. Nd.Tda!Kg
At the least you as students can hope to become__43__in subject matter which may be useful to you in later life. There is,__44__, much more to be gained. It is now that you must learn to exercise your mind sufficiently__45__learning becomes a joy and you thereby become a student for life.__46__this may require an effort of will and a period of self-discipline. Certainly it is not__47__ % *wOJx
without hard work. Teacher scan guide and encourage you, but learning is not done passively. To learn is your__48__. hV4\#K[
There is__49__the trained mind satisfaction to be derived from exploring the ideas of others, mastering them and evaluating them. But there is__50__level of inquiry which I hope that some of you will choose. If your study takes you to the __51__of understanding of a subject and, you have reached so far, you find that you can penetrate to__52__ no one has been before, you research. V`z2F'vT
Commitment to a life of scholarship or research is__53__many other laudable goals. It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even__54__other facets of life prove disappointing. I strongly__55__it. U<lCK!85[
41. A. count B. reflect C. depend D. comment
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42. A. benefit from B. take over C. apply for D. go through qg;f h]j%
43. A. efficient B. excellent C. professional D. proficient d^<a)>5h
44. A. however B. therefore C. indeed D. after all 2 !^[x~t
45. A. if B. because C. so that D. before ^"d!(npw
46. A. Of late B. Consequently C. Afterwards D. At first Ghgo"-,#
47. A. acquired B. accomplished C. approached D. assured +T@a/(Gl
48. A. ambition B. conscience C. responsibility D. challenge \O
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49. A. to B. on C. in D. by #j{!&4M
50. A. any B. one C. another D. no p 8q9:Tz
51. A. ends B. limits C. borders D. edges OgTE^W@
52. A. elsewhere B. what C. whichever D. where \Ka
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53. A. compatible with B. responsible for )A4WK+yD$z
C. followed by D. relevant to M7(vI4V
54. A. shall B. will C. would D. should $MmCh&V
55. A. declare B. recommend C. advise D. contend Eqg(U0k0
PART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSION 3 9Ql|l$
Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. g& *pk5V>
Passage 1 nJ|8#U7
Small, pink and very ugly. Hardly the qualities of a star, but they describe the deformed mouse that was the media darling at a recent science exhibition in Beijing. With a complex tissue structure in the shape of a human ear grafted on to its back, the rosy rodent was a stunning symbol of the serious strides China is making in the field of biotechnology. !t["pr\
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China is fast applying the latest life-science techniques learned from the West to aggressively pursue genome research. It's establishing its own centers of technical excellence to build a scientific base to compete directly with the United States and Europe. With a plentiful supply of smart young scientists at home and lots of interest abroad biotechnology is on the brink of a boom in China. And in the view of foreign scientists, Beijing is playing a clever hand, maximizing the opportunities open to them. _F *("
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For the moment, the cooperation exists mostly with Europe and the U.S. But Asia's other biotech leaders, Japan, Singapore and Korea, also are recognizing China's potential as an attractive low-cost base to conduct research. These partnerships—and China's advancement in the field of biotechnolo-gy—could help benefit the rest of Asia: China's rapid progress in improving crop yields will address food-security concerns in the region. In addition, China is more likely to focus on developing cheap technology that its predominantly poor population—and those of other Asian countries—can afford. gq6C6
There remain, however, serious barriers to the development of a strong biotech industry. Among them are a poor domestic legal framework, weak enforcement of intellectual-property rights and loose adherence to international standards. China is a signatory of the International Bio Safely Protocol, which should mean adherence to global standards governing the conduct of field trials. But some observers are skeptical. “The regulations look good, but I haven't met one scientist who believes they are being fully adhered to,” says a European science analyst. q)ygSOtj
If shortcuts are taken, then some of the recent scientific achievements trumpeted in the official press may never make it to market. But no matter how strict lab test are, other problems lie in wait. For example, there is a number of tasks it would take years to fulfill in the patents office, says one lawyer, leaving innovators with little protection if they take a product to market in China. =$g8"[4
56. The mouse on display is most significant in that__________. rSD!u0c [
A. it has an ear in the shape of a human ear HB4Hz0Fa
B. it is unusually small and ugly as a star D4m2*%M
C. it is the focus of the media at the exhibition 6$>m s6g%
D. it indicates China's progress in biotechnology QY 2!.a^q
57. The phrase “on the brink of a boom” (in boldface in Paragraph 2) in the context means __________. 7 ; C9V`
A. having an edge in competition B. in great demand Wx&AY"J
C. on the way to success D. preparing for challenge q
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58. In the field of biotechnology China is thought to__________. W Io^=?%
A. have been making an utmost effort learning from the West aI
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B. have become a country among the advanced I C9:&C[
C. have been able to rival the United States and Europe M%:ACLYP
D. have launched a biotechnological revolution 0gVylQ
59. Japan, Singapore, and Korea will also be interested in cooperating with China in biotechnology because__________. sb_>D`>
A. it has made extraordinary contributions to the world i6r%;ueLb
B. it has large supplies of talents and advanced research centers O@3EJkv
C. its research focuses on the benefits of all Asian countries f& (u [W
D. its cooperation with the US and Europe proves profitable IR>^U
60. Science analysts are worried that China, in the course of biotech development,__________. 7I`e5\ u
A. might refuse to join efforts to adhere to global standards Tn/
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B. may put too much emphasis on developing cheap technology Mno4z/4{A
C. cannot afford to fulfill years of tasks in assessing patents lMp)T**
D. may not seriously follow the International Bio Safely Protocol :n>m"> 4
61. As implied in the context, the shortcuts that might be taken include__________. !:`QX\Ux
A. publicizing recent achievements in the official press GfY!~J
B. the protection of innovators with their products Qm,| 'y:Tg
C. the violation of intellectual-property rights c3! d 4mC:
D. making lab tests as strict as possible G F,/<R #
Passage 2 ]m(Uv8/6
The sizzling streams of sunlight were just beautifully glimmering down on the crisp green schoolyard. Such a wonderful day that was. Nothing could have ruined it. Little Jimmy, since it was such a wonderful day, decided to go to the corner store and but himself a little treat. As Jimmy started walking over to the store, clouds flocked over the dazzling sun and the sudden pitch dark meant to trouble. On the other side of the road were three white boys from Jimmy's same school. Upon recognizing Jimmy, the boys ran over the street to where he was. .BlGV 2@^#
“Hey Negro, what's up?” one of the white boys said. +|Xx=1_?BK
“Did your mamma pack you enough to eat today?” another hooted.
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“Just leave me alone,” Little Jimmy said. ;-@^G
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“Oh no, Jimmy's really getting pist off!?” the first boy retaliated. &K )c*' l
“Just shove off and let me be,” Jimmy answered. <"AP&J'H
It is like this everyday, everywhere, and every time, people suffer discrimination. All because they have differences amongst each other. Different beliefs, different cultures, different skin colors, all of these act like building blocks to help construct what we know as Racism. .!,T> :R
Racism has become one of the many burdens amongst multi-cultural worlds like Canada and the States. Racism is a part of each every one of us. No doubt, we are all racist, but the term racism has been used too loosely. Racism has been mutated to such an extent that it could be a reason for war, a symbol of terrorism, and even an excuse for neglecting. !i
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Is that all there is to it? No actually it is just the beginning. Racism is just like warfare in which there is no shelter and nobody is neutral. c&AA< 6pkv
Nobody is exempt form this demon. He has haunted us with a bitter curse. On one occasion I remember, nobody would play with me at school. I would walk around by myself and ask people if we could play together. Everywhere that I went, like the process of induction, everyone would avoid me, like two inducted poles with the same polarity, they would just shimmer off into the distance and continue to do whatever they're doing. Because of racial differences, they neglect me. a~7 `;Ar
People are afraid of the unknown, and it is this difference amongst people that spread rumors and distrust amongst people. Corrupting our thoughts and reasons, we get accustomed to thinking differences are omens. Amongst smaller kids, there is no difficulty in getting them to all play together. Their thoughts are not totally corrupted as others. Probably the demon has no time to bother with smaller children. *x M4nUu<~
62. With the description of the weather and Jimmy's feeling about it the author intends to show that __________. br>"96A1l
A. what a happy world it is for humans S*IF/ fu
B. what an innocent boy Jimmy was ]U! ?{~
C. what an unusual thing hat was to happen to Jimmy 3uz@JY"mK
D. what a wonderful world that people have ignored G TNN4
63. From the conversation with the three white boys, we learn that Jimmy__________. YT}m
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A. must have offended them before
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B. was a pleasant boy to be talked to e Fp4MD8?
C. was being humiliated for being black w 8 kp6_i'
D. must have got used to their behaviors bwqla43gX
64. According to the author, Racism__________. bf-.SX ~
A. leads to a world with no variety cMsm[D{b
B. does not see the differences between cultures % /CCh;N#
C. hinders the world's economic development S
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D. does not tolerate coexistence of different cultures OSK 3X Qc
65. By saying “No doubt, we are all racist” (in boldface in Paragraph 3) the author admits that __________. D?)9 1 P/R
A. we are all warlike by nature ^9%G7J:vGO
B. we all discriminate against other peoples .v9 #|d d+
C. we are all proud of our own race and nation vXAO#'4tm%
D. we all focus on the difference between races (2[tQ`~
66. To be continued, the passage would probably be followed by a paragraph that deals with __________. #pErGz'{
A. how children's thoughts are corrupted by racism as they grow Z O5_n
B. the author's far more miserable experience of being neglected Q.>@w<[! L
C. how the black people should unite to fight against the Whites A 7 qyv0F
D. the education of smaller children to behave pleasantly to each other G< # 9`
67. Which of the following can best describe the tone of teh passage? -uI u-a]
A. Provocative. B. Indignant. C. Sentimental. D. Sarcastic. }KEyJj3"DA
Passage 3 l<>syHCH;L
This week marks the 10th anniversary of the Alar apple scare, in which many American consumers were driven into a panic following the release of a report by an environmental organization claiming that apples containing the chemical Alar posed a serious health threat to preschoolers. The report was disseminated through a PR (Problem Report) campaign and bypassed any legitimate form of scientific peer review. Introduced to the American public by CBS“60 Minutes,”the unsubstantiated claims in the report led some school disricts to remove apples from their school lunch programs and unduly frightened conscientious parents trying to develop good eating habits for their children. f',n '
Last month,Consumers Union released a report warning consumers of the perils of consuming many fruits and vegetables that frequently contained“unsafe” levels of pesticide residues. This was especially true for children, they claimed. Like its predecessor 10 years earlier, the Consumers Union report received no legitimate scientific peer review and the public's first exposure to it was through news coverage. "-88bF~
Not only does such reporting potentially drive children for consuming healthful fruits and vegetables, the conclusions were based on a misleading interpretation of what constitutes a “safe” level of exposure. Briefly, the authors used values known as the “chronic reference doses.” set by the U. S. environmental Protection Agency, as their barometers of safely. Used appropriately, these levels represent the maximum amount of pesticide that could be consumed daily for life without concern. For a 70-year lifetime, for example, consumers would have to ingest this average amount of pesticide every day for more than 25,000 days. It is clear, as the report points out, that there are days on which kids may be exposed to more; it is also clear that there are many more days when exposure is zero. Had the authors more appropriately calculated the cumulative exposures for which the safety standards are meant to apply, there would have been no risks and no warnings. >\ y|}|?
Parents should feel proud, rather than guilty, of providing fruits and vegetables for their children. It is well established that a diet rich in such foods decreases the risk of heart disease and cancer. Such benefits dramatically overwhelm the theoretical risks of tiny amounts of pesticides in food. So keep serving up the peaches, apples, squash, grapes and pears. vxhs 1vh
68. In the Alar apple scare, many Americans were frightened because__________. o|YY,G=C
A. scientists warned that apples were dangerous y [:\kI
B. many school children became ill after eating apples 7g8}]\i+
C. it was reported that apples were harmful to health [nZf4KN
D. apples were discovered to have too much pesticide S .p L^Ru
69. The warning message about the Alar apple was given__________. tPB r{
A. by Consumers Union B. by a health center dmI~$*
C. through an news agency D. through the government r"sK
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70. The last month report parallels that on the Alar apple scare in that__________. ?f f !(U
A. neither really caused worry among the public kH/u]+_
B. neither underwent a scientific peer review ;rXkU9
C. neither provided statistical supports un([3r
D. neither aimed for the public good h+=xG|1R[5
71. The “chronic reference doses” (in boldface in Paragraph 3) refer to__________. tIn
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A. the safe levels of pesticide exposure nX~Qt%
B. the amount of fruits one can safely eat aO8n\'bv
C. one's digestive capacity for fruits tljZE )
D. health values of fruits and vegetables /e5' YV P
72. With regard to the pesticides in food, this passage seems to argue that__________. WzG]9$v &
A. parents should keeps their children from the food with pesticides = h5&:?X
B. they should be applied to fruits and vegetables wit caution S:2M9nC
C. more research needs to be done on their harmfulness to health " kp+1 sG8
D. they are not as threatening as said to children most of the time dpG l
73. The primary purpose of this passage is to explain that__________. ! |4fww
A. not all reports on food are scientifically sound ^u2unZ9BK!
B. it is important for the public to know the risks of pesticides ~5`p/.L)ZD
C. vegetables and fruits can be harmful to children's health )(b, v/:
D. there should be no public concern over pesticides ~-2%^ovB
Passage 4 9dS <^E(ZF
Abortion. The word alone causes civil conversation to flee the room. This is largely because the prochoice and pro-life positions are being defined by their extremes, by those who scream accusations instead of arguments. P"*#mH[W|
More reasonable voices and concerns, on both sides of the fence, are given little attention. p>M8:,
For example, pro-life extremists seem unwilling to draw distinctions between some abortions and others, such as those resulting from rape with an underage child. They would make no exception in the recent real-life case of a woman who discovered in her fifth month that her baby would be born dead due to severe disabilities. xXb7/.*qE
On the other hand, pro-choice extremists within feminism insist on holding inconsistent positions. The pregnant woman has an unquestionable right to abort, they claim. Yet if the biological father has no say whatsoever over the woman's choice, is it reasonable to impose legal obligations upon him for child support? Can absolute legal obligation adhere without some sort of corresponding legal rights? kXW5bR
The only hope for progress in the abortion dialogue lies in the great excluded middle, in the voices of average people who see something wrong with a young girl forced to bear the baby of a rapist. $ljzw @k
Any commentary on abortion should include a statement of the writer's position. I represent what seems to b ea growing“middle ground” in pro-choice opinion. Legally, I believe in the right of every human being to medically control everything under his or her own skin. Many things people have a legal right to do, however, seem clearly wrong to me: adultery, lying to friends, walking past someone who is bleeding on the street. Some forms of abortion fall into that category. Morally speaking, my doubts have become so extreme that I could not undergo the procedure past the first three months and I would attempt to dissuade friends from doing so. 1fg O 3N
Fanatics on both sides are using reprehensible and deceitful tactics. An honest dialogue on abortion must start by re-setting the stage, by denouncing the approaches that block communication. h]6m+oPW
74. According to the passage, the pro-life and pro-choice positions on abortion are__________. vciO={M
A. complementary to each other B. opposed to each other Z$*m=]2
C. similar in nature D. reconcilable in a way 9}-;OJe
75. To a pro-life extremist,__________. vw~=z6Ka
A. all babies should be carried to term B`<a ~V
B. babies resulting form rape should not be born 7a0T]
C. deformed babies can be aborted when detected
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D. an underage girl has no right to give birth idzc4jR6BT
76. According to the pro-choice position,__________. E;1QD/E$
A. a pregnant woman cannot abort her baby if its father arees to keep it f]sc[_n]
B. a pregnant woman has an absolute right of choice over an abortion kR0/jEz
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C. the baby's father also has a say over its mother's choice of abortion
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D. the baby's father has an unalienable obligation to support the baby ?3#L?Cq
77. Who would insist that the baby be born whether or not it is the child of a rapist? O[Yc-4
A. The author B. Average people Sdzl[K/}
C. A pro-choice advocate D. A pro-life extremist ZrNBkfe :
78. The author doubts the legal right to lie to friends as well as the one to__________. F:~k4uTW\b
A. abort a fetus in its fifth monthB. view the photos of late-term abortion ptQCqQ1_d
C. give birth to a baby in one's teenageD. dispose of what ever under one's skin h"}c_l Y9
79. The author, as a “middle ground” person,__________. `RlMfd
A. actually holds a mild pro-life opinion d
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B. proposes that a rapist's baby never be born [,y Yr
C. advocates a serious dialogue on abortion \x=j
D. denies the principle “a woman's body, a woman's right” j&-<e 7O=
Passage 5 w#
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In the absence of optimism, we are left with nothing but critics, naysayers, and prophets of doom. When a nation expects the worst from its people and institutions, and its experts focus exclusively on faults, hope dies. Too many people spend too much tie looking down rather than up, finding fault with their country's political institutions, economic system, educational establishment, religious organizations, and—worst of all —with each other. *";O_ :C!
Faultfinding expends so much negative energy that nothing is left over for positive action. It takes courage and strength to solve the genuine problems that afflict every society. Sure, there well always be things that need fixing. But the question is, Do you want to spend your time and energy tearing things down or building them up? +\x}1bNS%j
The staging of a Broadway show could illustrate my point. Let's say a new production is about to open. A playwright has polished the script, investor have put up the money, and the theater ahs been rented. A director ahs been chosen, actors have been auditioned and selected, and the cast has been rehearsing for weeks. Set, lighting, and sound engineers have been hard at work. By the time opening night arrives, nearly a hundred people have labored tirelessly—all working long hours to make magic for their audience. _aP 2gH
On opening night ,four or five critics sit in the audience. If they pan it, the play will probably close in a matter if days or weeks. If they praise it, the production could go on for a long and successful run. In the end, success or failure might hinge on the opinion of a single person—someone who might be in a bad mood on opening night! What's wrong with this scene? In one sense, nothing. Critics have a legitimate role. The problem arises when we make critics our heroes or put them in control of our fate. When we empower the critic more than the playwright, something is wrong. It is much easier to criticize than to create. When we revere the critics of society, we eventually become a society of critics, and when that happens, there is no room left for constructive optimism. b QgtZHO
80. According to the author, critics usually__________. h+DK
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A. ignore minor imperfections B. overemphasize flaws fB= j51Lw
C. see both sides of a coin D. pin their hopes on improvements ZH)thd9^b
81. It can be inferred from the text that if optimism were adopted,__________. .+A2\F.^
A. no serious problems would arise in society g1{2E<b 5
B. anything could be done wit ease kInU,/R*
C. some social problems could more possibly be solved T+j-MR}{\
D. people would succeed in getting over all the obstacles K''2Jfm
82. The preparation of a Broadway show is mentioned in order to__________. jaL#
A. explain that staging a play requires complex teamwork {k uC+~R
B. argue that a minute mistake may ruin a lifelong task ;;
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C. show that the preparatory stage is imperative t the following ones #i 5@G*
D. illustrate that criticism may block the way to success >@0U B@
83. Compared with the playwright, the critics are, according to the author,__________. +>QD4z#
A. pretentious rather than honest B. arrogant rather than modest tjJi|
C. cruel rather than merciful D. destructive rather than constructive 4
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84. What might be the ultimate result of a biased bitter criticism? q0*d*j F0u
A. More rebellion B. More creativity @MxB
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C. Less initiative D. Less destruction :yFmCLZaQ
85. The main idea of this passage is__________ ,uL}O]L
A. the destructive role of utter pessimism Y' O3RA5E
B. achieving success regardless of criticism >Yx,%a@~R
C. no cracking down, no building up H`OJN .
D. one should learn to handle stresses i#I7ncX
PAPER TWO
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PART Ⅴ TRANSLATION 5Ve
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Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your pieces of Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ. lZJbQ=K{
Are you really in love? How do you know the difference between love and infatuation? This is often difficult to determine, for there are no set rules surrounding the definitions of love or infatuation. Romantic love is very much a part of the American way of life and many expect that some day “it” is going to hit them and they will know they are in lave. {ewo-dva
What are some of the differences between love and infatuation? jJ3dZ<#
1. Genuine love is more likely to involve a process of “growing” in love rather than “falling” in love. This may sound terribly unromantic to some who are used to hearing talk about “falling in love” or being “head over heels in love.” This “falling” is often infatuation, and the sheer emotion of “falling” in love often blinds a person to the imperfections of the loved one. We tend to think of the loved one as “perfect”， “ideal”, or some other divine image, Real love sees the total person—both the “perfection” and the imperfection. Infatuation, then, is a sudden, emotional sense that one has discovered the “perfeet” lover. On the other hand, love realizes imperfections and grows with he acceptance of those imper-fections. rnP *}
2. Love leads a person to a feeling of security and trust in the loved lone. It usually involves a feeling of mutual benefit arising from the new relationship. “We are able to solve our problems together” is the feeling of love, rather than “Please love me because I need you.” _ykT(`.#
3. Infatuation often entails feelings of insecurity whenever the “lovers” are separated; feelings of doubt, fickleness, uncertainty, and fear of loss often accompany infatuation. “What will I do if I lose him?” and “I wonder of she really means it when she says she loves me?” express the feelings of infatuation. In such a setting a lasting love does not have a chance to develop. 5@^['S4%8*
4. Infatuation tends to be more manipulative than love because a lasting feeling of relationship probably has not developed, so that the individuals are still concerned mainly about their own needs and satisfactions. Conversely, in love, the feeling of relationship is genuine and sincere so that concern for the other person evolves naturally. H{g&y
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5. Physical attraction is an important part of both infatuation and love, but the superficial attraction is less important in love, for the couple experiencing love usually will build their relationship on a broader base than mere physical attraction. *n_7~ZX
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PART Ⅵ WRITING }3=^Ik;x
Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ. zXGi
TOPIC [&+5E1%L
Good management can help the organization achieve its desired results. This is particularly true of the management of an organization full of scientsis and research worker. What is your idea about a good management or good manager of such a group of people?
