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这种结构在句中起状语、定语作用,或用来对句子或某一成分作补充说明。在这种结构中,with没有实际词意。在翻译时可把名词和其后的介词短语或形容词当作主语和表语的关系来处理;把名词和其后的分词或动词不定式当作主语和谓语关系来处理。 xib?XzxGo
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(一)with十名词十分词的结构 /wAx#[c[
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(2)The light we see,with its colors ranging from deep red to deep violet,serves us in our daily lives.
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(1)Maxwell pointed out that an object may be hot without the motion in it being visible. $DlO<
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麦克斯韦指出,即使看不见物体内部的分子运动,物体也可能是热的。(让步状语) sOO_J!bblP
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(2)Under a microscope,a cell looks like a bit of clear jelly with a thin wall round it. J(:y-U
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(3)Mechanics is that branch of physical science which considers the motion of bodies,with rest as a special case of motion. ?IG[W+M8
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力学是自然科学的一个分支,它研究物体的运动,而把静止看成是运动的一种特殊情况。(with引出的复合结构起补充说明作用。) "r~/E|Da<
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(4)Carbon,with 6 protons and 6 neutronsin its nucleus,has 6 electrons. /E!N:g<
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(3) An uncharged object contains a large number of atoms, each of which normally contains an equal number of electrons and protons,but with some electrons temporarily free from atoms. JypP[yQ
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这里特别指出一种介词复合结构,with(without)构成的复合结构,这种复合结构的形式有: l)dE7$H
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(一)with十名词十分词的结构 X,_K
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(1) If something is moving, with nothing touching it, it will go on forever,coasting at a uniform speed in a straight line. ~{tO8
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(2)The light we see,with its colors ranging from deep red to deep violet,serves us in our daily lives. T@U,<[,
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我们看到的从深红色到深紫色的光,在日常生活中为我们服务。(作非限定性定语,修饰light。) !zF07.(E
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(3)With more experimenting being doing every year,much of photosythesis will certainly be known before very long. 6,q_M(;c
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随着每年所进行的实验增多,可以肯定,不久将会对光合作用了解得更多。(条件状语) x4c|/}\)*
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(4)The article deals with microwaves,with particular attention being paid to radiolo cation. heou\;GI"
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这篇文章是研究微波的,其中特别注意无线电定位问题。(with...10cation是分词复合结构,在句中作补充说明。)
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底层是坚硬的基岩,它最上面的边缘在慢慢地分解、腐蚀和剥落。(非限定性定语,修饰Solidbedrock。) $Bz};@
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(6)Ice,of relative density 0.9,floats in water with ninetenth submerged. L}rZ1wV6
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(二)with+名词十介词的结构 J^jd@E
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(1)Maxwell pointed out that an object may be hot without the motion in it being visible. aUEr& $
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(2)Under a microscope,a cell looks like a bit of clear jelly with a thin wall round it. /A,w{0
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在显微镜下,细胞看上去如一滴透明的胶状物体,周围有一层很薄的壁。(with..it作定语,用来修饰jelly。) $aJ6i7C,j}
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(3)Mechanics is that branch of physical science which considers the motion of bodies,with rest as a special case of motion. (o B4*
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力学是自然科学的一个分支,它研究物体的运动,而把静止看成是运动的一种特殊情况。(with引出的复合结构起补充说明作用。) H5Eso*v@
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(4)Carbon,with 6 protons and 6 neutronsin its nucleus,has 6 electrons. K\9CW%W
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(5)The rocket engine,with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm,is an impressive symbol of the new space age. .kFO@:
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火箭发动机以其类似于瀑布或大雷雨的持续轰鸣给人以深刻印象,成为太空新时代的象征。(with...roarlike.—是非限定性定语,修饰engine。) A{q%sp:3~
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我们已经讨论过荧光,荧光对等于或大于可见光光子能量的辐射是很敏感的。(with+名词十形容词的复合结构,起定语作用,修饰radiations。)
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在没有阻力的简谐运动中,振动质点的能量由动能变为势能,或由势能变为动能,但总能量不变。(with十名词十形容词的复合结构在句中有结果状语的意味。) (Z$7;OAI
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不带电的物体含有大量原子,每个原子通常含有等量的电子和质子,但是有一些电子暂时脱离了原子的束缚。(with+名词+形容词的复合结构,对句子起补充说明作用。) s:6K
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(四)with+名词+动词不定式的结构 KtAEM;g
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(1)In outer space,with no swaddling atmosphere to diffuse it,sunlight is infinitely more powerful than on earth. +$ djX=3
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(2)At present,about 80 different metals are known to man.But with so many metals to choose from,the question arises:which metal shall we use? V#,|#2otZ
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(2)At present,about 80 different metals are known to man.But with so many metals to choose from,the question arises:which metal shall we use? |a[ "
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目前,人们已知的金属大约有80种。由于有这么多的金属可供选择,于是便产生了一个问题:我们将采用哪种金属呢?(with引出的复合结构用作原因状语。)