考博英语写作 (X`t"*y"
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考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 |V~(mS747:
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开头万能公式: m|?"
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 \A ~I>x
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! R2H\
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原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? onJ[&f
经典句型: m?R+Z6c[
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) ReGO9}
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. EJ
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(适用于自编名言) i]^*J1a
更多经典句型: `v/tf|v6
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… [9W&1zY
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 ,9l!fT?iH
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 < &m
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: J<P/w%i2
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college t"74HZO>
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. ?$8 ,j+&I
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: xzf
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Honesty =L; n8~{@y
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 h|/*yTuN.y
Travel by Bike cB])A57<
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 z )}wo3
Youth VTX'f2\
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Yr(f iI
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? N@`9
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 {~p %\
更多句型: (S93 %ii
A recent statistics shows that … 1~ZHC[ `
结尾万能公式: H(ftOd.y
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 PT*@#:MA
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: rN!9&
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good _f2iz4
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. Q^5 t]HKn
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!
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更多过渡短语: KqIe8bi^G
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus tp
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更多句型: a{YVz\?d}
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… Qz90 mb
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 ZFw743G
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! sU3V
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Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve =|zyi|
the problem. s5|)4Zac
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? )uJ`E8>-
更多句型: W$ {sD|d-
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. n6+MqN
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be NNV.x7
taken. #Y b9w3N
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: lt2&uYgp
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is X7!A(q+h
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to "@bk$o=
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite KUV{]?'
similar. obk
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如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! T>?1+mruM
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 C/#/F#C
主 题 句原则 q "vT]=Y}:
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! E 4(muhY
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! BbhdGFG1
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully hRiGW_t
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, 35\0g&
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 2Nszxvq,
一 二 三原则 r+obm)Qtp
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 4}b:..Ku
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 LD"}$vfs
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) !SNtJi$;v
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) $a]dxRkz
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) eS+LFS7*k
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, Lf<9GYNy>`
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) MYm6C;o$
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) BF#e=p
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) Y`Rf E
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) jV8><5C
8)most important of all, moreover, finally auv\fR :
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) Mqy`j9FbL
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) (\_d'Js(;
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 CbQ%[x9|
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: <>GyG-q
I cannot bear it. Melc-[
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. #pK)
I want it. W>49,A,q
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. {,-# ;A*yW
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 b
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原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, ^6n]@
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humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital hkxZ=l
之类的形象词。再比如: iE5^Xik,
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room .:/@<V+K
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room |F`'m":$m
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room >oNs_{
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room "/=xu|
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room cR} =3|t
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 UYUdIIoL
1)加法(串联) 3@JwL
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都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, Dr<Bd;)
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: .nJGxz+X"
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. ,#{aAx|]
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ;'urt /
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. MaM7u:kD#
其它的短语可以用: gB#t"s)
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover i|e-N?l
2)转折(拐弯抹角) R<U<
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批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 UF
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The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. Y`v&YcX;
The coat was thin, but it was warm. z#b6 a
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更多的短语: a>6p])Wh
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, ~?FKww|_*J
despite, notwithstanding 6IA
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3)因果(so, so, so) =:DNb(
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! fsu'W]f
The snow began to fall, so we went home. Yzw[.(jc}
更多短语: s133N?
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a KY\=D 2m
result, for this reason, so that _Sl3)
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) LHSbc!Y'.
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 @
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举例:This is what I can do. 1o?uf
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. iWIq~t*,H]
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: \J(kM,ZJ
When to go, Why he goes away… `yO'-(@"gY
5)附加(多此一举)
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如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 ~7m+N)5
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. -,2CMS#N
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. IL`=r6\
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 'UM *7
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom Zpz3?VM(
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 d0;?GQYn:
6)排比(排山倒海句) >T-4!ZvS\j
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! dg_w$#
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated [v`kqL~
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. gFsqCx<q
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such "F[7b!>R
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean B<0Kl.V
tides. h}kJ,n
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, <~uzKs0
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) ?wFL\C
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 s;$f6X
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! +wf9!_'
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: 'by+hXk
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb W#=,FZT
the Western Hills. [2h.5.af
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about !#=3>\np+X
three times that of China. u@CQ+pnf:(
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! :2K@{~8r
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 fP\q?X@]E
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! ~9E_L?TW*
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted A+3SLB
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as kw
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sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. s^K2,D]P
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will zo8D"
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the AV7#,+p%G
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. i;-M8Q^
更多句型: gu+zfvkcY
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, b?c/J{me
for example二、做比较 0Qq<h;8xEc
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; ]Yw$A
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through &*%x]fQ@
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: O^j
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相似的比较: rQyjNh
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner oLh ,F"nB
相反的比较: 23WrJM!2N
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, 8B:y46
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, YO$D-
…三、换言之 1l"2 ~k
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 ,(pp+hNq
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! 6#!CBY^{
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. %l!?d`?
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love
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with you. PXkpttIE]M
或者上面我们举过的例子: Cj<8r S4+
I cannot bear it. t15{>>f4>
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. #-<Go'yF
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with bo/9k 4N3
it or I am fed up with it. @,TIw[p
更多短语: 2&>t,
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in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more VMRfDaO9
simply