考博英语写作 OP\^c
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考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 1bFEx_
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开头万能公式: u8$~N$L
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 fitK2d
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! iIC9rso"Q1
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? ir1RAmt%
经典句型: 1dXO3hot
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) LXOF{FG
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. OHXeqjhy
(适用于自编名言) u]++&~i
更多经典句型: :5qqu{GL
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 55)ep
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 \ &|w;
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 }9fV[zO
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: ".7KEnx
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college vzT6G/
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. ;/]c^y
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: pRyS8'
Honesty ,4?|}xg
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 ;z=C^'
Travel by Bike \c`r9H^v{
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 -V)5Tr=
Youth ?}>B4Z)
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 ) a2m<"
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? d%|#m)
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 !t
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更多句型: Kps
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A recent statistics shows that … FWx*&y~$
结尾万能公式: B7^n30+L
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 Q $,kB<M
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: GA@Q:n8UuR
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good nJ`a1L{N
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. <EE+
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如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! o\Vt $
更多过渡短语: o+WrIAR
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus ${H&Q*
更多句型: HK4`@jYQ
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… (E]K)d
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 |a~&E@0c
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! >]N0w
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve -D':7!@
the problem. h 7P?n.K
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? .0/Z'.c8
更多句型: ])";Z
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. xa axj
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be [ESQD5&
taken. u>Kvub
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 @g5]w&o_
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: cB'4{R@e
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is 1;9E*=
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to g5HqU2
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite K&oO+ G^f
similar. f3&//h8
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
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强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 eWs^[^c.<
主 题 句原则 `I<|*vW
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国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! 25KZe s)
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! t`D@bzLC%
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully <]`2H}*U'
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, cjpl_}'L:
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 )[Cm*Xxa$
一 二 三原则 he6)
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领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… +u.L6GcB
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 j>M%?Tw
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) >QPS0Vx[
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) c9k,Dc
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) q+Q)IVaU81
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ;sJ2K"c
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) F`3As 9b:
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) Fje%hcV
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) wAPdu y[
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) Re>e|$.T
8)most important of all, moreover, finally 8h2?Q
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) mY9K)]8
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) W5{e.eI}|
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 =jh:0Q<43+
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: ~:Nyv+g,$
I cannot bear it. ?a(3~dh|
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. $r_ gFv
I want it. Q0q$ZK6C
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 2e=Hjf
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这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 >i<-rO>kN
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, &n
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humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 4dAhJjhgD
之类的形象词。再比如: Ckp=d
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room ^(3k
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但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room [x,&Gwa
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room }v
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小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room N0f}q1S<-A
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room CXA8V"@&b/
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 c#Bde-dh
1)加法(串联) '
r/1+.
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, u a-p^X`w
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: I(SE)%!%S
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
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如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:
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Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. &XP 0
其它的短语可以用: $9/r*@bu8d
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover T7`Jtqf
2)转折(拐弯抹角) 4
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批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 ]M/w];:
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. _=b[b]Ec$s
The coat was thin, but it was warm. aryr
更多的短语: Z)<>d.
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, tP9}:gu
despite, notwithstanding QXCI+Fcg
3)因果(so, so, so) UT -=5
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! :n=+$Dq
The snow began to fall, so we went home. :
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更多短语: WG,{:|!E
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a qlu yJpt
result, for this reason, so that yI!K
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4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) Xs` /q}R
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 <q|19fH-5
举例:This is what I can do. BmZd,}{
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 8m iIlB
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: J<2N~$
When to go, Why he goes away… }.#C9<"}
5)附加(多此一举) %}@^[E)
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 P)3e^~+A
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. &wJ"9pQ~6E
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Kxg09\5i
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. ,,?t
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其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom 3KGDS9I
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 )gE:@3
6)排比(排山倒海句) rl4-nA
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! T"$"`A"
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated J4<- C\=4
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. U7OW)tUf
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such >q`G?9d2
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean DpA)Z??
tides. BQm H9g|2
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, M$w^g8F27H
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) DY1o!thz)
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 e|`&K"fnq
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! "kMpa]<c-6
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:
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The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb )J0'We
the Western Hills. 6 ,k}v:
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about /0 zk &g
three times that of China. `74A'(u_
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! &D/_@\ 0
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 zF{5!b
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! TN&1C8xr
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted U|,VH-#
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as zp d4uto5
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. FX\ -Y$K
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ++xEMP)
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the ^}9Aq $R
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. vQztD_bX%
更多句型: \ ddbqg?`
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, w+PbT6;
for example二、做比较 }nuhLt1
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; o: TO[
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through Aj-}G^>#
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: je.mX /Lpj
相似的比较: r%F{1.
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner H=EvT'g
相反的比较: <Cm:4)~
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, xj(&EGY:
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, 87y$=eZ
…三、换言之 s>^*GQw
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 om|M=/^
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! Q']:k}y
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. anHP5gD
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love J %URg=r
with you. sJ25<2/
或者上面我们举过的例子: zAS&L%^ tV
I cannot bear it. + ,0RrD )
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. OP{ d(~+
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with ybcQ,e
it or I am fed up with it. | \ C{R
更多短语: jmz, 1[
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more s9zdg"c'
simply