考博英语阅读题型中的态度题，题干通常是问作者对某个人或某件事情的看法。因此，弄清楚态度的三要素，即态度的主体、对象和表达，就显得非常重要，因为出题人在命题时可能会根据态度的主体和对象而编造错误选项，偷梁换柱，进而迷惑读者。 U * :ju+)k
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1.分类 l;SXR <E U
根据态度题的类型，我们可以将它分为以下类型： oF~+L3&X
①全文态度题 {pc (b
当主体为作者，对象为文章主题时，题目为全文态度题。这时候作者在全文中表现出来的态度，即为作者对文章主题的态度。 '~9w<dSB!r
②局部态度题 9s
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除去以上情况的其他情况，都称为局部态度题。对于这两种题型，我们可以采用类似的解题思路。 TILH[r&Jg
2.解题思路 ?Dl; DE 1
①先确定主干中态度的主体和对象; VRZqY7j}g
②返回原文寻找包含主体和对象的句子(优先考虑包含主体的句子); vqAEF^HYry
③将原文中的态度词和选项相对照，同义替换的为正确答案。咱们在做这种题型时，定位、替换和排除的思想很重要。我们还是通过例题来仔细讲解吧! :Xs4 C%H;
40.The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of ________。 '
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[A]satisfaction [B]skepticism /9A6"Z
[C]objectiveness [D]sympathy ]8htL#C
题干问作者对准则制定者的态度是怎样的?态度的主体是作者，对象是准则制定者。为了解题，要先找到能够体现作者态度的词。 RrT`]1".
②Unfortunately, banks’ lobbying now seems to be working.The details may be unknowable,but the independence of standard-setters,essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.And,unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers,reviving the banking system will be difficult。 x_x_TEyy h
③After a bruising encounter with Congress,America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board(FASB)rushed through rule changes.These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement.Bob Herz, the FASB’s chairman,cried out against those who “question our motives。”Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls ”the use of judgment by management。” lbX
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④European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board(IASB)do likewise.The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,but the pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned the IASB that is did “not live in a political vacuum”but “in the real word” and the Europe could yet develop different rules。 qj/Zk [
⑤It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accouts that vastly overvalued assets.Today they argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of bad debts.The truth will not be known for years.But banks’ shares trade below their book value,suggesting that investors are skeptical.And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses,yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains。 }[=)sb_
⑥To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with.America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions,for example,against hostility interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions。 ))dw[Xa
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从第二段的unfortunately和第五段的It was banks that were on the wrong planet可知，作者对银行持反对态度。第三段和第四段分别举了FASB和IASB的例子进行说明。第六段说，银行的想法不切实际，呼吁银行制定者继续保持独立性和战斗性。因此，这表明作者赞成会计战斗者的做法，对它面临压力不得不妥协，表示担忧和同情。所以本题选D。 %
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