虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语从句的特殊形式表示出来的。freekaobo将对2016考博英语语法虚拟语气做归纳和用法。 7SAu">lIl
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一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 <#|3z8N2
(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 d:sUh
A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were)。 @gX@mT"
B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, might+ 动词原形。 _IpW&
C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 B0Z*YsbXL
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. , PN?_N
---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” `m'2RNSc+#
---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” bk4%lYJ"
I wish that he weren’t so lazy. f "
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(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形,表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 $ a5K
His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. bJ. ((1$
(3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况,表示希望或婉转的责备。例如: N;[w`d'#
I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 QX(:!b
I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 OgfQGGc
I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。 &