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2009河北工业大学博士英语答案
TEXT B w~z[wm Okp Pundits who want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizin g. Each country is different, they say, and no one story fits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economies plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common. :4:N f In fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Mal aysia, Indonesia and South Korea. (Japan is a very different story. ) In each ca se investors——mainly, but not entirely, foreign banks who had made short-term loans——all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result was a co mbined banking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked in vestors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to conve rt baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and compa nies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support th eir currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bu st from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries’ s plit the difference—— and paid a heavy price regardless. Z:*@5 Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most cliches, the catchphrase“ crony capitalism” has prospered because it gets at something r eal: excessively cozy relationships between government and business really did l ead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asia n business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to a loss of confidence . But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investme nts that look foolish in retrospect seemed sensible at the time. c~0{s> Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainl y on the fight track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia s eemed to be going wrong: now there is a race to claim credit when some things ha ve started to go right. The international Monetary Fund points to Korea’s recov e ry—— and more generally to the fact that the sky didn’t fall after all —— a s proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF cli ents have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia —— which refused IM F help, and horrified respectable opinion by imposing capital controls ——also seems to be on the mend. Malaysia’s prime Minister, by contrast, claims full cr e dit for any good news——even though neighbouring economies also seem to have bo ttomed out. \\,f{?w The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably concl ude that none of the policies adopted either on or in defiance of the IMF’s adv i ce made much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, ban king reform —— whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no mere money to run, the natural recuperative po wers of the economies finally began to prevail. At best, the money doctors who p urported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside manner; at worst, they were l ike medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills. &$'z Will the patients stage a full recovery? It depends on exactly what you me an by “full”. South Korea’s industrial production is already above its pre-cr isi s level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korea n industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsa yer. So if by recovery you mean not just a return to growth, but one that brings the region’s performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go. f$.?$ 19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writer’s opinion? qH>`}/,P A. Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken. BecPT B. Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma. ]0c+/ \b& C. Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis. lx |5?P D. Most governments chose one of the two options. -`b8T0?oK 20. The writer thinks that those Asian countries ___. =w$tvo/ A. well deserved the punishment
foRD{Hx B. invested in a senseless way at the time b| M3` C. were unduly punished in the crisis !345 %, D. had bad relationships between government and business 7 <9yH:1 21. It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations ___. {2&m`Dbm A. were far from a panacea in all cases :s={[KBP B. were feasible in their recipient countries vxFTen{-F C. failed to work in their recipient countries o:S0* D. were rejected unanimously by Asian countries s 5WqR8 22. At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full reco very of the Asian economy is ___. ^EELaG A. due B. remote C. imaginative D. unpredictable
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"P 短文大意:本文主要论述的是1997年的亚洲金融危机的危害及其爆发的原因。 6$U]9D 19.答案:D 80b;I|-T, 【参考译文】根据该短文,下列哪一项不是作者的观点?
O.`Jl% 【试题分析】本题为排除题。 VU`OO$,W 【详细解答】短文第二段最后几句说“In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and compa nies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support th eir currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bu st from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries’ sp lit the difference- and paid a heavy price regardless.”由此可知,亚洲经济危机时 期各国均陷入经济两难境地,既不能任由本国货币猛跌,也不能提高存款利率。选项D与该 说法相矛盾, 故不是作者的观点。
VhL{'w7f 20.答案:C fKH7xu!V4+ 【参考译文】作者认为那些亚洲国家如何? !RB)_7 【试题分析】本题为细节推理题。 /X"/ha!=&D 【详细解答】短文第三段最后一句说“But the punishment was surely disproportionate t o the crime,…”由此可知,作者认为那些亚洲国家遭受的惩罚过度了,故答案选C。 gr-9l0u 21.答案:A in+}/mwfC 【参考译文】从该短文可以推知IMF的经济复苏政策如何? ?eH&'m}- 【试题分析】本题为推理题。 sUZX
} 【详细解答】虽然IMF对韩国的经济复苏起了一定作用,短文第四段却说“Never mind that o ther IMF clients have done far worse,…”接着以马来西亚为例,说明IMF的政策不是万 能的,故答案选A。 Od+6 -J 22.答案:B ~h}Fi 【参考译文】在短文的末尾,作者认为亚洲国家经济全面复苏是怎样的? 6E(Qx~iL 【试题分析】本题为推理题。 x:-.+C% 【详细解答】短文最后一段的最后一句说“…they have a long way to go.”即这些国家( 的经济全面复苏)有很长的路要走。故选项B“遥远的”为正确答案。 :NJ_n6E O[tvR:Nh TEXT B v+p{|X- A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over: b@RHc!,>jV “Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! That’s all right! ” He could speak a little Spanish, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence. O~j> ? Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow “bridges” which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mockingbird were the property of Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the noise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining. Xq'cA9v=$J He stopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more applied himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and he glanced restlessly over the editorials and bits of news which he had not had time to read before quitting New Orleans the day before. QaUm1i# Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build; he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, parted on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trimmed. b
vfk Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the newspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called “the house,” to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young girls, the Farival twins, were playing a duet from “Zampa” upon the piano. Madame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining–room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skirts crinkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the cottages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudelet’s lugger to hear mass. Some young people were out under the water-oaks playing croquet. Mr. Pontellier’s two children were there—sturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air. 8!.ojdyn Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade that was advancing at snail’s pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between the gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow chamomile. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined shelter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post. J+rCxn?;g “What folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!” exclaimed Mr. Pontellier. He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him. @SCI"H%[ “You are burnt beyond recognition,” he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. She held up her hands, strong, shapely hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her lawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she had given to her husband before leaving for the beach. She silently reached out to him, and he, understanding, took the rings from his vest pocket and dropped them into her open palm. She slipped them upon her fingers; then clasping her knees, she looked across at Robert and began to laugh. The rings sparkled upon her fingers. He sent back an answering smile. *8~86u GU
“What is it?” asked Pontellier, looking lazily and amused from one to the other. It was some utter nonsense; some adventure out there in the water, and they both tried to relate it at once. It did not seem half so amusing when told. They realized this, and so did Mr. Pontellier. He yawned and stretched himself. Then he got up, saying he had half a mind to go over to Klein’s hotel and play a game of billiards. %X#zj" “Come go along, Lebrun,” he proposed to Robert. But Robert admitted quite frankly that he preferred to stay where he was and talk to Mrs. Pontellier. f{SB1M “Well, send him about his business when he bores you, Edna,” instructed her husband as he prepared to leave. [MuEoWrq(} “Here, take the umbrella,” she exclaimed, holding it out to him. He accepted the sunshade, and lifting it over his head descended the steps and walked away. I*9e]m" “Coming back to dinner?” his wife called after him. He halted a moment and shrugged his shoulders. He felt in his vest pocket; there was a ten-dollar bill there. He did not know; perhaps he would return for the early dinner and perhaps he would not. It all depended upon the company which he found over at Klein’s and the size of “the game.” He did not say this, but she understood it, and laughed, nodding good-by to him. vJAZ%aW Both children wanted to follow their father when they saw him starting out. He kissed them and promised to bring them back bonbons and peanuts. 3?Y 2L G)?9.t_Lj- 16. Which of the following adjectives best describe Mr. Pontellier? +`?Y?L^
J A. Energetic v<Bynd- B. Robust 2]% h$f+ C. Good-humored 9UvXC)R1 D. Inactive cuOvN"nuNj bn
|zl!Pq 17. In Mr. Pontellier’s mind’s eye, his wife is _____________________. f/CuE%7BR A. an independent person NcY608C B. an object of considerable value N},n `Yl. C. an understanding woman 0uBl>A7qhn D. an unreliable woman `xrmT t
X ve&zcSeb 18. The image that the story evokes in reader’s mind in its very beginning is _______________. LjV]0%j?r A. sea image Nj("|`9" B. animal image uc|45Zxt C. bird image qKJSj
D. umbrella image bXS:x QBR=0(giF 19. From the story we know that Mrs. Pontellier is a/an____________ wife. ZyEHzM{$ A. understanding .!JVr"8 B. depressed LzYO$Ir:g C. critical Q
X%&~ D. listless
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s 20. Mr. Pontellier enjoys ____________________. [e1S^pI A. having dinner with his wife ZY:[ekm%4Z B gambling -j&Tc`j_ C. playing with his children Bn!$UUC D. swimming f-r]
|k F]9nB3:W 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B C)cwAU|h# YBnA+l* 60 J!DF^
fLe With its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable, shoot of the traditional novel. Q);n<Z:X~
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The detective story is probably the most respectable (at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species. Its creation is often the relaxation of university dons, literary economists, scientists or even poets. Fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen, the village, seaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends. The characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate associates. A story set in a more remote environment, African jungle, or Australian bush, ancient China or gaslit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history, and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background. The elaborate, carefully-assembled plot, despised by the modem intellectual critics and creators of significant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery, with its sprinkling of clues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from Real Life, nagging gently, we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human sleuth (侦探), who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent. +}-@@,
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Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts, the thriller presents a less comfortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duels, car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who suffers from at least two broken ribs, one black eye, uncountable bruises and a hangover, can still chase and overpower an armed villain With the physique of wrestler. He moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs, brutality, a vicious lust for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our calm investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when an unchallengeable elucidation (解释) of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail. All that we vainly hope for from life is granted vicariously(间接地). not YeY7wR
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57. The crime novel may be regarded as n#iwb0- [A] not a tree novel at all Ye.r%i& |