中国海洋大学2005博士英语真题 c{j0A;XMS
PARTⅠ Cloze (15) Bya!pzbpr
Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Readthe passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrasemarked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Blacken the correspondingletter of the word or phrase you have chosen on your Answer Sheet. gQ*0Mk
At least since the Industrial Revolution,gender roles have been in a state of transition. As ;y?,myO
a result, culturalscripts about marriage have Undergone change. One of the more obvious 1 1P4jdp=~
has occurred in theroles that women 2 Women have moved into the world of workand have bzmT.!
become adept atmeeting expectations in that arena,3 maintaining their familyroles .of iy8UrgG;l
nurturing andcreating a (n) 4 that is a haven for all family members. 5 manywomen VZJs@qx:Z
experience strainfrom trying to "do it all," they often enjoy .the increased 6 thatcan result }7vX4{Yn
from playingmultiple roles. As women's roles havechanged, changing expectations about Q5iuK#/
men's roles havebecome more 7 . Many men are relinquishing their majorresponsibility 8 (eN\s98)/
the familyprovider. Probably the most significant change in men's roles, however, is inthe \Btv76*,
emotional 9 offamily life. Men are increasingly 10 tomeet the emotional needs of their H__9%p#
families, 11 theirwives. y-{^L`%Mk
Infact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become moresignificant for marriage in general.刀攀猀攀愀爀攀栀 on 12 marriage has changed over recent aecadespoints to the increasing, importance of the emotional side of-the relationship, and the importance of sharing in the eemotion work" 13 to nourish marriages and other familyrelationships. Men and women want to experience marriages that areinterdependent, 14 both partners nurture each other, attendand respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which men'sand women's roles are becoming increasingly more 15 . Se*GR"Z+
1. A. incidentsB. changes C.results D. effects A5+vz u^
2. A. takeB. do C. play D. show ~jmHzFkQ
3. A. by B. while C. hence D. thus nvxftbfE^D
4. A. home B. garden C.愀爀攀渀愀 D. paradise s*:J=+D]G
5. A. When B: Even though C. Since D. Nevertheless goeWZ O
6. A. rewards B. profits C.瀀爀椀瘀椀氀攀最攀猀 D. incomes X&t)S?eCos
7. A. general B. acceptable C. popular D. apparent >"B95$x5
8. A. as B. of C. from D. for Z=
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9. A. sectionB constituent: C. domainD. point _UYt
10. A.encouraged B. expected C. advised D. predicted +o!".Hp
11. A. not tomention B. as well as CincludingD. especially . 0eQyzn*98
12. A. how B. what C. why D. if f$N
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13 A. butB. only. C. enough D. necessary k(><kuJ`3
14. A. unless B. although C. where D. because ]k_@F6 A
15. A.pleasant B. important C. similar D. manageable x;l\#x/<
PART Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (30) Gb<)U[Hfd
Directions: Thereare 5 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and markyour answer on 琀栀攀 ANSWER SHEET by blackening thecorresponding letter in the brackets. 7Nw7a;h
Passage 1 "CB*
The first navigational lights in the NewWorld were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances. The fast lighthouse wasput tip by Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at theentrance to Boston Harbor. Paid forand maintained by "light dues"levied on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. By then there wereonly a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonic. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses. # h]m8
The first eight erected on the West Coast inthe 1850's featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling withthe tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England andelsewhere, though., lighthouses reflected a Variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built.on rocky eminences, enormoustowers were not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick, others "ofwood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts: some were fastened to rock withiron rods. "Farther south, from Marylandthreugh the Florida Keys, thecoastwas low and sandy. It was often necessary to戀甀椀氀搀 tall towers there -- massive structures like the majestic CapeHatteras. North Carolina. lighthouse, which was lit in 1870. At 190 feet it isthe tallest brick lighthouse in the country. M&~3fRb4
NOt withstanding differences in appearanceand construction, mostAmerican lighthouses shared several features: a light,living quarters, and sometimes a bell ( or, later; a foghorn). They alsohad something else in common: a keeperand, usually, the keeper's family. Thekeeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain asteady, bright flame. The earliestkeepers came from every walk of life --- they were seamen, farmers, mechanics,rough mill hands -- and appoint ments were often handed out by local customscommissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouses wastaken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board, an agency of. theTreasury Department, the keeper corps gradually became highly professional. A}FEM[2
16 What is the best tide for the passage? LXG,IG
A. The Lighthouse on Little BrewsterIsland Ajr]&H4
B: The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper 嬀/size] ~#&bDot
C.Early Lighthouses .in the United States 3lqR(Hh3
D. The Modem Profession ofLighthouse-Keeping嬀/size] m\__Fl
17. Why does the author mention theMassachusetts Bay Colony? GNA:|x
A. It was. the headquarters of the UntiedStates Lighthouse Board. {^1GHU
B. Many of the tauest.lighthouses werebuilt there. p}hOkx4R\
C. The first lantern wicks were developedthere. ><viJ$i
D. The first lighthouse in North Americawas built there. "@RLS~Ej
18. It can beinferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did not need hightowers because . |Ma"B4
A. ship there had high masts B. coastal waters were safe &7!&]kA+
C. the coast was straight and unobstructed r;t0+aLc*
D. the lighthouse were built on highplaces DmM<Kkg.J
19. According tothe passage, where can the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States befound? FylL7n
A, Little Brewster Island B. The Florida Keys DF-`nD
C. Cape Hatteras D. Cape cod 5vj;lJKcd`
20. In the secondsentence of paragraph 3 , which of the following does the word "They"refer to? 9w^1/t&=04
A.Lighthouses B.Differences C. QuartersD. Features \]e"#"v}}_
Passage 2 Q9H~B`\nQ
Every living thing has an inner biologicalclock that controls behavior. The clock works all the time even when there areno outside signs to mark the passing of time. The biological dock k, &