加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 考博报班 每日签到
   
主题 : 考博英语写作技巧
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2009-10-16   

考博英语写作技巧

本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] \O4s0*gw  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] ?P-O4  
有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥],很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] ;"u,G!  
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] yf0v,]v[  
经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] bL`\l!qQx;  
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”
(适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] [8UZ5_1WL  
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. }~|`h1JF  
(适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] !.X/(R7J  
更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] 3vcyes-U  
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… P7b"(G%  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] Jk-WD"J6  
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] qbsod  
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] y>x"/jzF#  
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college |f @A-d X  
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. fMFkA(Of^  
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] AC(qx:/6  
Honesty MymsDdQ]  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] oNe:<YT  
Travel by Bike  zHz>Gc  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] hBX.GFnw  
Youth U5N|2  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] e|~{ X\l  
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? SQ> Yf\  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] B=K<k+{6"  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] ~y"R{-%uS  
A recent statistics shows that … VnSO>O  
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] Jj [3rt?8  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] g]HWaFjc5  
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]总而言之[font=ˎ̥]之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] JS8pN5   
Obviously
(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good ]Xnar:5  
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. hfLe<,  
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]显而见之[font=ˎ̥],但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥]  dnC" `  
更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] c^1JSGv  
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus !gRU;ZQU_  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] !gLJBp  
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… N/{=j  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥] rM~Mqpk  
如果说[font=ˎ̥]如此结论[font=ˎ̥]是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]如此建议[font=ˎ̥]应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] >/C,1}p[  
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve 6tVp%@  
the problem. 8[^b8^  
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] &JLKHwi/  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] QxEmuiN  
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. ^|rzq XW  
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be -t`KCf,0  
taken. 'g)5vI~'  
写作的[font=ˎ̥]七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]:一、[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] {|zQ .s A  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] 78Zb IL  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is 6 ;\>,  
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to /WAOpf5   
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite :Z;kMrU  
similar. 0R+<^6^l)  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] IU}g[O Cu  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] ,`ehR6b  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] , YE+k`:  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] zq^eL=%:  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥] Mm"0Ip2"  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully F JxH{N6a  
prepared before the exam
(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, .a]av   
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、[font=ˎ̥] @q" #.?>s  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] #)%dG3)e  
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥] gAGcbepX  
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]标签[font=ˎ̥]来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] /Q9iO&Vu  
1
[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] (TGG?V  
2
[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] l) )Cvre+  
3
[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] 9;pD0h|  
4
[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 7}e{&\0=l  
lastly
(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] &>auW}r  
5
[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] 0_map z  
6
[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] dy0xz5N-  
7
[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] +@C|u'  
8
[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally ,#=;V"~9  
9
[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] M}F) P&Y  
10
[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] {B6tGLt#bf  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] AqP7UL  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] yy3-Xu4   
I cannot bear it. %MUwd@,  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. 1|\/2  
I want it. RV+0C&0ff  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. GCA?sFwo>  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] Kkds^v6  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, +~\c1|f  
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital DWRq \`P  
之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] {B lM<  
走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room B mxBbg  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room /F6=iHK(l  
*****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room o@0p  
小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room U*6)/.J  
老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room C_DXg-a2lu  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] ~<#!yRy>r  
1
)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] ,] ,dOIOwn  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, VBK9te,A  
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] ?5g0#wqI  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. H#;-(`F  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] &*#- %<=1  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. g4 |s9RMD  
其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] 7R=cxD&  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover qj5V<c;h%W  
2
)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] @ukIt  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] ;:l\_b'Z}  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. fc #zhp5bX  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. "NamP\hj  
更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] }Q L 2#R  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, WU -_Y^  
despite, notwithstanding @;we4G 5  
3
)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so[font=ˎ̥]  !Z'x h +  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] Ol~j q;75  
The snow began to fall, so we went home. O!D0 hW4  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥]  Wb/q&o  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a l25E!E-'b  
result, for this reason, so that ^Z{W1uYi  
4
)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] f@%H"8w!  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] S WYIQ7*  
举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. pUs s_3  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. D,rF?t>=S  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] >t,BNsWB  
When to go, Why he goes away… 1{8SKfMdP  
5
)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] WvN!8*XFM  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] \)=X=yn2  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. QGYO{S  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. ztNm,1pnQ  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 8Q&hhmOnz  
其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom ]}_@!F)  
or that
关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] o!`.LL%  
6
)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] ik@g;>pQD  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] R$<LEwjSw  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated p4 #U:_  
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. =rV*iLy  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such xr uQ=Q  
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean ;O*y$|+PA  
tides. @aU%1h5W;l  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, .u3!%{/v(c  
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
(气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] k#8,:B2  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] b]v.jgD  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] &D "$N"  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] (Yz EsY  
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb f?wn;;z`  
the Western Hills. ~7Ey9wRkD  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about bq/*99``  
three times that of China. - Dm/7Sxd`  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] DBuvbq-  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] >t|u 8/P  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] B w1ir  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted Y/1KvF4)k  
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as wu5]S)?*  
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. &?m|PK)I  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will UD|Qa  
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the f>k<I[C<  
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 5?+ECxPt  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] byl#8=?  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, zc&>RM  
for example
二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] |^K-m42  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] "oZ-W?IKE  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥]through iUl5yq  
comparison
)和不同点([font=ˎ̥]through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥] 1 "'t5?XW  
相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] 4 13,O~^  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner CV%AqJN  
相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] Y4cIYUSc  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, &kKopJH  
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, iaAVGgA9+  
三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] .LDK+c  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] )N`a4p  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! iiS^xqSNCt  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. QXZjsa_|  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love T#'+w@Q9{9  
with you. u_[^gS7  
或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] ".jY3<bQg  
I cannot bear it. pI2g\cH>  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. w '?xewx  
因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with @/i;/$\  
it or I am fed up with it. [ t@  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥]  PZZTRgVc  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more VT1Nd  
simply
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
沙发  发表于: 2009-10-26   
谢谢分享,顶一下哈
级别: 初级博友
显示用户信息 
板凳  发表于: 2010-03-05   
谢谢,好资料啊
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
免费考博论坛网址是什么? 正确答案:freekaobo.com
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交