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楼主  发表于: 2009-10-16   

考博英语写作技巧

本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] kB?/_a`]  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] >-V632(/{o  
有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥],很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] W;8A{3q%N0  
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] 1?w=v|b:P)  
经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] #yIHr&'oX  
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”
(适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] )n"0:"Ou  
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. fn /?I \  
(适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] @H$8;CRM  
更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] /":/DwI'   
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… ~)#E?:h5  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] (`slC~"  
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] 74N_>1!j  
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] G11KAq(  
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college wEq&O|Vj  
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. cQxUEY('+  
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] ,<!*@xy7v  
Honesty 5nBJj  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] J~J+CGT~2  
Travel by Bike 4$, W\d  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] QKEtV  
Youth b3_P??yp  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] %m/lPL  
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? a_/4^+  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] {S+?n[1r\  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] |J`v w  
A recent statistics shows that … jP/Vqe%%8  
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] bBc<p{  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] `-CN\  
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]总而言之[font=ˎ̥]之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] d0}(d Gl  
Obviously
(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good &+(D< U  
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. |*w)]2B l  
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]显而见之[font=ˎ̥],但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥] :4)x  
更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] NwOV2E6@OW  
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus ]=ApYg7!  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] LKI\(%ba#  
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… G"m0[|XH  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥] 0U/[hG"DKN  
如果说[font=ˎ̥]如此结论[font=ˎ̥]是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]如此建议[font=ˎ̥]应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] /N%i6t<xU  
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve gCs N\z  
the problem. lr;ubBbT  
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] F4-rPv  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] XP!m]\ E&I  
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. kmTYRl )j  
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be \kUQe-:he  
taken. 3mYW]  
写作的[font=ˎ̥]七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]:一、[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] ~vpF|4Zn5  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] _2`b$/)-  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is l,Y5VGiH#  
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to Bca$%3M  
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite w[l#0ZZ  
similar. 3)CIqN  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] V D7^wd9  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] [~|k;\2 +  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] [S]q'c)  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] 9?hF<}1XH}  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥] v, Z]Vqk  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully Z/:yYSq  
prepared before the exam
(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, bG"FN/vg  
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、[font=ˎ̥] qHe H/e%`V  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] ]<YS7.pT  
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥] i83Jy w,f  
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]标签[font=ˎ̥]来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] !<j4*av:G  
1
[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] UJp'v_hN  
2
[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] 8/)q$zs  
3
[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] 0Qeda@J  
4
[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ?(B}w*G~  
lastly
(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] *]<=04v]R  
5
[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] FVP,$  
6
[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥]  Br s}  
7
[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] rmvrv.$3  
8
[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally u&o4? ]6  
9
[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] [X@{xF^vBQ  
10
[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] 6 mLC{X[  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] $(0<T<\  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] 8R\6hYJ%F  
I cannot bear it. ]P7gEBi  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. \ j)c?1*$  
I want it. 7g{JE^u  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. d@*dbECG  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] LHOt(5VY  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, ^qC.bv]&  
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital '#j6ZC/?  
之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] g9g ] X  
走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room "tk1W>liIN  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room CP"5E?dcK  
*****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room /#_[{lSr?  
小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room ;2fzA<RkK  
老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room 9,Dw;|A]  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] g_tEUaiK  
1
)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] O7Jp ;  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, q(s0dkrj  
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] l&] %APL  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 8?EKF+.u|  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] E'8XXV^I?P  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.  d*([!!i  
其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] @{<^rLt  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover #z_.!E  
2
)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] +\PLUOk  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] (]fbCH:  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. UY.o,I> s  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. i}<fg*6@E  
更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] ;uZq_^?:9&  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, V%M@zd?u.  
despite, notwithstanding 65+2+p  
3
)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so[font=ˎ̥] hG9Mp!d91  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] b|k(:b-G&.  
The snow began to fall, so we went home. 3ox|Mz<aZX  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] G [yI[7=d  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a $9Xn.,W  
result, for this reason, so that 90<a'<\|  
4
)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] 6TQ[2%X'  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] VF<VyWFC0`  
举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. #xq|/JWs  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. hx~rq `{  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] UD2 l!)rW  
When to go, Why he goes away… ZU 7u>  
5
)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] [|YuT:Cp  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] 2rf#Bq?7  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. V-dub{K  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. gPpk0LZi  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. yyVE%e5nl  
其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom cdL0<J b,  
or that
关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] m\ @Q}  
6
)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] a{}8030S  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] |[/XG2S  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated [Z]CBEE  
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. [h iV #  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such <Um5w1  
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean ]vCs9* |B  
tides. Gfle"_4m8  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, $h1pL>^J  
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
(气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] 3+vMi[YO  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] .`h:1FP 8  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] ,Mn?h\  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] 1z8fhE iiE  
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb 7I:<i$)V  
the Western Hills. M9(Kxux#  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about MBFn s/  
three times that of China. 1KI5tf>>p  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] 04!akPP<  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] 9+frxD&pO  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] aw1 f;&K4  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted $4>x4*  
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as a +`;:tX,  
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. wg KM6?  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will n'<F'1SWv  
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the .$r7q[  
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. #D8u#8Dz  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] t",b.vki\z  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, !u%XvxJwDb  
for example
二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] A!_yZ|)$ T  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] M}!E :bv'  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥]through C,dRdEB>  
comparison
)和不同点([font=ˎ̥]through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥] 7j{63d`2  
相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] Q+^"v]V`d  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner SHUn<+/e  
相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] xayd_RB9  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, w O*x0$  
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, )ZDqj  
三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] 9rM6kLD  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] sKGR28e  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! 5^GrG|~  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. fTV}IP  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love pq<2:F:Kl  
with you. iea7*]vW  
或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] U jB5Xks  
I cannot bear it. ynG@/S6)K  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. 0z=^_Fb  
因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with OmC F8:\/  
it or I am fed up with it. R\n*O@E v3  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] {&s.*5  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more }#QYZ nR  
simply
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沙发  发表于: 2009-10-26   
谢谢分享,顶一下哈
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板凳  发表于: 2010-03-05   
谢谢,好资料啊
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