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考博英语写作技巧
本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用！
开头万能公式：[font=ˎ̥] K'[kl'
[font=ˎ̥]1．[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一：名人名言[font=ˎ̥] ]@l;;Sp
有人问了，[font=ˎ̥]“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？[font=ˎ̥]”，很好办：编！[font=ˎ̥] G}nj
71=H
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？[font=ˎ̥] 1([?EfC
经典句型：[font=ˎ̥] M0]J `fL@
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）[font=ˎ̥] 2TQ <XHA\
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. Z0M|B v9_
（适用于自编名言）[font=ˎ̥] >Hd!o"I
更多经典句型：[font=ˎ̥] A|m0.'/
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… %htwq ]rZd
2．[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二：数字统计[font=ˎ̥] HU el
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] ; Ji3|= 4u
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：[font=ˎ̥] 9CZ EP0i7
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college ] B>.}
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. Gwm YhG<{
看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：[font=ˎ̥] {=+'3p
Honesty F*y7
4j,
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] =ibKdPtTh^
Travel by Bike ra1_XR}
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] <"7Wb"+
Youth @680.+Kw
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] > v4+@o[~
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? +y 48.5
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] 9]g`VD6 <v
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] _ F2ofB'
A recent statistics shows that … 1CS\1[E
结尾万能公式：[font=ˎ̥]
*~zB {
[font=ˎ̥]1．[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一：如此结论[font=ˎ̥] 5#dJg
a/88
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]“总而言之[font=ˎ̥]”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：[font=ˎ̥] c aL \ d
Obviously（此为过渡短语）[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good i`!>zl+D
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. p,3}A( >
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]“显而见之[font=ˎ̥]”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！[font=ˎ̥] WFvVu3
更多过渡短语：[font=ˎ̥] p R ! m
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus : bq UA(k
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] cEGR ?4z
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… Y,-! QFS#
2．[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二：如此建议[font=ˎ̥] 4@M`B
H`
如果说[font=ˎ̥]“如此结论[font=ˎ̥]”是结尾最没用的废话，那么[font=ˎ̥]“如此建议[font=ˎ̥]”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！[font=ˎ̥] }|],UXk{xB
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve &_'3(xIO
the problem. Ys<z%
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？[font=ˎ̥] ?BU?c:"f
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] +)_#j/
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. S) ` @)sr
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be k8,s<m
taken. P9M%B2DQ6f
写作的[font=ˎ̥]“七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]”：一、[font=ˎ̥] 长[font=ˎ̥] 短[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] "7w=LhzV[$
工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：[font=ˎ̥] #r@>.S=U]
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is N({-&A.N
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to M`?ATmYy
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite U/-|hfh
similar. w NMA)S
如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！[font=ˎ̥] XLlJ|xhY-K
强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] %z-n2%
主[font=ˎ̥] 题[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] dlMjy$/T
国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]“群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！[font=ˎ̥] L8KaK
特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！[font=ˎ̥] GYV%R D #
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully sRflabl *x
prepared before the exam（主题句）[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, J5}?<Dd:
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、[font=ˎ̥] R4 S))EHg
一[font=ˎ̥] 二[font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] Gg%pU +'T
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥]… iA XF;'|W
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]“标签[font=ˎ̥]”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] c&"1Z/tR
1）[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] kE1k@h#/
2）[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] vhN6_XD
3）[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] o)H|
#9h5
4）[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 7Kt i& T
lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] 5?TX.h9B4
5）[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）[font=ˎ̥] +B4 i,]lCx
6）[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）[font=ˎ̥] ?]>;Wr
7）[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）[font=ˎ̥] H:o=gP60]
8）[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally u89Q2\z~"M
9）[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）[font=ˎ̥] @`HW0Y_ :
10）[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）[font=ˎ̥]
TrBtTqH)
建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] _ + >V(,{G
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：[font=ˎ̥] vH 6.;j'^
I cannot bear it. :* J!
可以用短语表达：[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. Q
1x=@lXR
I want it. }j YVB|2
可以用短语表达：[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. +aOX{1 w
这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] K pmq C$
原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, HyIyrU rYW
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital &Vg)/t;
之类的形象词。再比如：[font=ˎ̥] 8/-hODoT_
走出房间，[font=ˎ̥]general的词是：[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room nsu RG
但是小偷走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room Q=^TKsu
*****走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room OOzXA%<%c
小孩走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room Bu4@FIK!C
老人走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room
`dIwBfg_
所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] {Bb:\N 8X
1）加法（串联）[font=ˎ̥] Bm&6
都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, Dc0C
QGx9b
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：[font=ˎ̥] c4}|a1R\=
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. mH )i
如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：[font=ˎ̥] iXqRX';F'}
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. LB^xdMXi
其它的短语可以用：[font=ˎ̥] }`]Et99Q5
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover Sp[]vm8N
2）转折（拐弯抹角）[font=ˎ̥] 5e&; f
批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] fPG3$<Zr
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. (SByN7[g b
The coat was thin, but it was warm. W4)bEWO+q
更多的短语：[font=ˎ̥] 4j<[3~:0
o
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, N: 5 N}am
despite, notwithstanding UtHloq(r
3）因果（[font=ˎ̥]so, so, so）[font=ˎ̥] Fm+V_.H/;
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！[font=ˎ̥] C4gzg
The snow began to fall, so we went home. Nf}i /
更多短语：[font=ˎ̥] Nr`v|_U
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a X=Jt4 h 9
result, for this reason, so that sk@aOv'*(
4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）[font=ˎ̥] "_:6v64Gx
有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] [<nd+3E
举例：[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. xsU3c0wbr8
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 3=%G{L16-
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：[font=ˎ̥] w7
f)v\p
When to go, Why he goes away… w4l]rH
5）附加（多此一举）[font=ˎ̥] JX`>N(K4\
如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] t;_1 / mt
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. o8S P#ET"n
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. 2m9qg-W
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. r uy?#rk
其实很简单，同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句[font=ˎ̥]—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是[font=ˎ̥]whom 0f9U:)1z
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] !p_l(@f
6）排比（排山倒海句）[font=ˎ̥] n%! 50E6*:
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！[font=ˎ̥] {*nE8+..A
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated X n Rm9%
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. >L$ 9fn/J
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such OXZx!h
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean <"av /`;
tides. A [f `xE
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, A$?o3--#]G
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. （气势恢宏）[font=ˎ̥] NU[Wj uLG
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] Ah
zV?6e
既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！[font=ˎ̥] 9xL` i-7]
原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：[font=ˎ̥] GD!!xt
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb NSQ) lSW,;
the Western Hills. Qd}h:U ^
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about dCzS f4:
three times that of China. q'jInwY|x
如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！[font=ˎ̥] Ub[UB%(T
文章主体段落三大杀手锏：一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] ^;@! \Rc
思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！[font=ˎ̥] A \Z _br
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted c43&[xP Lz
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as 8,:lw3x1
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. pzU:AUW
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ]Y f8
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the M*F`s& vM
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. $ccCI
\
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] UQjZhH
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, Bc}e ??F
for example二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] ,k m`-6.2?
方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；[font=ˎ̥] ] .c$(.
世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（[font=ˎ̥] through 4*Z>-<W=
comparison）和不同点（[font=ˎ̥] through contrast）。下面是一些短语：[font=ˎ̥] &tw{d DD6
相似的比较：[font=ˎ̥] G)%r|meKGB
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner ET|4a(x
相反的比较：[font=ˎ̥] >n>gX/S<C
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, g+=f=5I3
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, q_:B=w+bC
…三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] SuA`F|7?P
没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] ^2mCF
实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! 1i
6>~
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. d C6t +
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love M_\)<a( 8
with you. " R-P e\W
或者上面我们举过的例子：[font=ˎ̥] QkY;O<Y_
I cannot bear it. PJ'@! jx
可以用短语表达：[font=ˎ̥] I cannot put up with it. Y n-;+ 4 K
因此可以这样说：[font=ˎ̥] I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with ~)!vhdBe
it or I am fed up with it. t8S,C4
更多短语：[font=ˎ̥] (s!cd]Qa.
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more MJ`BlE,Fmb
simply
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