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考博英语写作技巧
本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用！
开头万能公式：[font=ˎ̥] us5<18 M5
[font=ˎ̥]1．[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一：名人名言[font=ˎ̥] `e`}dgf0S|
有人问了，[font=ˎ̥]“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？[font=ˎ̥]”，很好办：编！[font=ˎ̥] <<=.;`( /v
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？[font=ˎ̥] c>|1%
}"?
经典句型：[font=ˎ̥] lG lh/ B%
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）[font=ˎ̥] r*
q
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 4W d
H!z
（适用于自编名言）[font=ˎ̥] QGCg~TV;
更多经典句型：[font=ˎ̥] &%UZ"CcA
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… N&uRL_X .
2．[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二：数字统计[font=ˎ̥] .Ei#mG-=}&
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] P5JE = &M
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：[font=ˎ̥] } =p e;l
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college bMA0#e2
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. &gg O m
看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：[font=ˎ̥] S.zY0
Honesty bhl9:`s
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] c
W1`[b
Travel by Bike E5$Fhc
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] oO3X>y{gN
Youth N79?s)l:K
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] `Hx JE"/
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 8U%y[2sT
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] Ihd{ tmr<
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] 1 )H;}%[
A recent statistics shows that … Hmx
Y{KB
结尾万能公式：[font=ˎ̥] n%ypxY0
[font=ˎ̥]1．[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一：如此结论[font=ˎ̥] X%98k'h.y
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]“总而言之[font=ˎ̥]”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：[font=ˎ̥] S-[ S?&c`
Obviously（此为过渡短语）[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good /,yRn3 1[
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. >qU5 (M_&L
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]“显而见之[font=ˎ̥]”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！[font=ˎ̥]
l[6lXR&|
更多过渡短语：[font=ˎ̥] (]nX:t
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus =p[a Cb
i
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] z[qi~&7:v
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… 6IJH%qUx'
2．[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二：如此建议[font=ˎ̥] 48, uO !
如果说[font=ˎ̥]“如此结论[font=ˎ̥]”是结尾最没用的废话，那么[font=ˎ̥]“如此建议[font=ˎ̥]”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！[font=ˎ̥] 9DmF a5E
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve P& h]uNu
the problem. ,FwJ0V
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？[font=ˎ̥] GvBmh .
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] <
w; 49 0g
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. RB 9ZaL\
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be N<O<wtXI j
taken. t[ ZGY,8
写作的[font=ˎ̥]“七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]”：一、[font=ˎ̥] 长[font=ˎ̥] 短[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] 3 TRG] 5
工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：[font=ˎ̥] -'
=?Hs.
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is nwVW'M]r
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to .;)V;!
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite ')TS'p,n
similar. hlfdmh? /
如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！[font=ˎ̥] P9x':I$
强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] r)Ja\ ;
主[font=ˎ̥] 题[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] 'A9 Z ((
国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]“群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！[font=ˎ̥] *6G@8TIh
特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！[font=ˎ̥] # itZ~tol
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully *=P*b|P"$
prepared before the exam（主题句）[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, DUwms"I,%
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、[font=ˎ̥] FQ0PXY
h
一[font=ˎ̥] 二[font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] 72vp6/;)
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥]… o?^Rw*u0/
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]“标签[font=ˎ̥]”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] qC B{dp/
1）[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] SX&Q5:
2）[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] j^/=.cD|
3）[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] wG73GD38
4）[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 0 Bk-)z|V
lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）[font=ˎ̥] }qR6=J+Dx
5）[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）[font=ˎ̥] yY]E~
6）[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）[font=ˎ̥] r[wjE`Z/T
7）[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）[font=ˎ̥] av _ +M;G
8）[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally ;0`I Ftz
9）[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）[font=ˎ̥] F,V| In
10）[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）[font=ˎ̥] h"[:$~/UJ
建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] bn7g!2
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：[font=ˎ̥] ~[f
`oC
I cannot bear it. } Syd*%BR[
可以用短语表达：[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. 4K 8 (H9(
I want it. D G|v' #
可以用短语表达：[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. "y5bODq3t
这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] C{+JrHV%h
原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, <AK9HPxP
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital cc8Q}
之类的形象词。再比如：[font=ˎ̥] (g&@E(@]?
走出房间，[font=ˎ̥]general的词是：[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room d\zUtcJwC
但是小偷走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room 7 fXJP5j
*****走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room .gM6m8l9wp
小孩走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room Xoha.6$l5
老人走出房间应该说：[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room ML0_Uc3en
所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] 0JKTwLhC
1）加法（串联）[font=ˎ̥] >UV}^OO
都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, 7- C])9
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：[font=ˎ̥] F)Z9Qlo
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. dpX Fx"4A
如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：[font=ˎ̥] :G] t=vr1
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. @ %YbptT}
其它的短语可以用：[font=ˎ̥] )."dqq^ q
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover \;!7IIe#
2）转折（拐弯抹角）[font=ˎ̥] o,S(;6pDJ
批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] `~=NBN=tiL
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. V F b
The coat was thin, but it was warm. @1' Y/dCyD
更多的短语：[font=ˎ̥] jc\y{ I\
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, b|;h$otC
despite, notwithstanding e}P@7e h
3）因果（[font=ˎ̥]so, so, so）[font=ˎ̥] Z9*@w`x^u
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！[font=ˎ̥] |n^rI\ p%
The snow began to fall, so we went home. 2E`mbT,v&
更多短语：[font=ˎ̥] |.$7.8g
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a xE$lx:C"FU
result, for this reason, so that Qpj[ ]c5
4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）[font=ˎ̥] G
\Nnw==v
有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] ^FVmP d*1
举例：[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. g#Ta03\
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. qQ6@43TC
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：[font=ˎ̥] A)Rh
B i
When to go, Why he goes away… _ n1:v ~
5）附加（多此一举）[font=ˎ̥] -t>"s'kv
如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] Oamz>Hplu
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. ^ ".6~{
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. +_u~Np
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. E7_OI 7C
其实很简单，同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句[font=ˎ̥]—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是[font=ˎ̥]whom WK@<#
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] tmM; Z(9t
6）排比（排山倒海句）[font=ˎ̥] 2JcP4!RD
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！[font=ˎ̥] 25j\p { *
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated JNJ6HyCU
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. l4(FM}0X5}
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such eT ]*c?"
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean zA:q/i
tides. fn y6`_O
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, N
7 Y X
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. （气势恢宏）[font=ˎ̥] <h}x7y?
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] (/!@
-]1
既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！[font=ˎ̥] x; -D}#
原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：[font=ˎ̥] C*B5"s"
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb Q&_#R(3j;
the Western Hills. a/3'!} &e
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about T!HAE#xC
three times that of China. {XUSw8W'
如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！[font=ˎ̥] LnN:;h
文章主体段落三大杀手锏：一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] `Mcg&M i~
思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！[font=ˎ̥] }[MkJ21!
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted -1`}|t;
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as o@]n<ZYo
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 8bO+[" c
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will 81(\8#./
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the w(t1m]pF[
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. & 0:Gj3`
更多句型：[font=ˎ̥] ]#rV]As
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, !?Y71:_!
for example二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] D`X<b4e8/
方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；[font=ˎ̥] w}t}Sh
世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（[font=ˎ̥] through e^\#DDm
comparison）和不同点（[font=ˎ̥] through contrast）。下面是一些短语：[font=ˎ̥] zb02\xvf
相似的比较：[font=ˎ̥] I,,SR"
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner \F\7*=xk
相反的比较：[font=ˎ̥]
]n<B a7Y
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, ="%887e
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, fb^R3wd$ff
…三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] [fb9;,x`
没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] ,@ f |t&
实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! 0Q,Tc
j
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. B9cWxe4R#
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love es.Y
with you. U~@;2\
o
或者上面我们举过的例子：[font=ˎ̥] GkU$Z @
I cannot bear it. NiE`u
m
可以用短语表达：[font=ˎ̥] I cannot put up with it. [z= !OFdE
因此可以这样说：[font=ˎ̥] I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with 0JR )-*
it or I am fed up with it. V$Oj@vI
更多短语：[font=ˎ̥] -;qK_
x
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more t
U~q4$qqE
simply
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