套路四：试验型 D
Sn_0D 1.
特点：全文讲述一个或一系列试验，通常文章段落较多（一般五段以上）篇幅较大，背景比较陌生，细节千头万绪。但是出题规律极强，一旦掌握试验型文章的两把尖刀：实验目的和实验结论，就可轻松的搞定此类文章。 =@~Y12o?% 2.
文章主题：实验目的 "3Y0`&:D 3.
判断标志：文章开头或题干中一般会出现：experiment, test, study,research, survey此类表示实验的词。 ;;/{xvQ.1 4.
出题点及出题方式 }Jj}%XxKs 1)
实验目的：主题题 K [zVa 2)
实验结论：细节题 Cq~dp/V 5.
真题举例： '!B&:X) Taste is such a subjective matter that wedon’t usually conduct preference testsfor food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference, is that it’s oneperson’s opinion. But because the two bigcola (可口可乐) companies—Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola aremarketed so aggressively, we’ve wonderedhow big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set upa taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as eitherCoca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. DZ
tsy!xA Weinvited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (传统型)or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的) Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thoughtthey’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. sK?twg;D*| Weeventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then wefed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for theone group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether eachsample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to comparethe participants’ choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished. =[ 7A v> Gettingall four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, forpeople who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all fourtrials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 of 27 identified allfour samples correctly. FGBbO\< / While both groups did better than chancewould predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choicetwo or more times. Two people go all four samples wrong. Overall, half theparticipants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, sofatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participantsand Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste andprice. (KZ{^X?a 19%i mf 56. According to the passage the preference testwas conducted in order to ___A_____
A) find out the role taste preference plays in a person’sdrinking
B) reveal which cola is more to the liking of thedrinkers
C) show that a person’s opinion about taste is mereguess-work
D) compare the ability of the participants in choosingtheir drinks
57. The statisticsrecorded in the preference tests show ____B____.
A) Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two most favoritedrinks
B) there is not much difference in taste betweenCoca-Cola and Pepsi
C) few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
D) people’s tastes differ from one another
58. It is impliedin the first paragraph that ___C_____.
A) the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale ofcolas
B) the improvement of quality is the chief concern of thetwo cola companies
C) the competition between the two colas is very strong
D) blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
59. The word“burnout” (Line 4, Para. 5) here refers to the state of ___D_____.
A) being seriously burnt in the skin
B) being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C) being badly damaged by fire
D) being unable to function because of excessive use
60. The author’spurpose in writing this passage is to ____A____.
A) show that taste preference is highly subjective
B) argue that taste testing is an important marketingstrategy
C) emphasize that taste and price are closely related toeach other
D) recommend that blind tasting be introduced in thequality control of colas
文章套路分析：在本文开头我们已经发现了醒目的标志词：test。在段首中也确定了该实验（preference tests
）的实验目的：“we’vewondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty.”由于市场上两种口味接近的可乐竞争非常激烈，因此想做个实验来研究人的口味倾向在商业品牌竞争中的作用，也即文章主题。于是找一群志愿者来做“瞎眼”试验(blind tasting test)
，蒙住眼睛一会给你喝可口可乐一会再喂你百事可乐看能否区分。具体的试验方法、实验步骤、试验细节由于涉及专业背景，大可不必关心，大胆略过。在文章最后，作者给出了实验结论：“Ourpreference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Cokefans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.”试验最终得出无聊的实验结果：由于两种可乐口味过于相近，因此这群志愿者没有区分出来，即实验结果并未显示口味倾向在商业品牌竞争中的作用大小。 j8:\%| 从后面的设题我们也看到了“两把尖刀”的重要性。第56
题是实验目的，第57
题考实验结论，58
要求对第一段信息做推断，也和实验目的有关。第59
题词义题考到了对细节的推断。60
题考文章写作目的，也是在变相考文章主题，又和实验目的有关。对于文中无聊的试验细节，没有一题涉及！ 5'u<i
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