一、比喻(the figures of speech) -<jd/ 5
比喻是语言艺术的升华。英语中常见的比喻方法有三种:明喻、隐喻和借喻。 XoZw8cY
1.明喻(thesimile) 格式:本体 + 显著比喻词(like/as/asif---) + 喻体 D#pZN,'
常用介词like 、连词as,as if,as---so、动词seem等以及句型A---to B as C---to D等等表示“好像”意思的比喻说法就叫明喻。 9cO
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例如: pp!>: %
(1)Teacher, youare like the sun, but more magnificent, and more brillant. wBb J
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老师,您像太阳,又比太阳更灿烂更辉煌。 `PH*tdYrh
(2)Your soul is as pure as snow, yourpersonality is as noble as pine trees! All praise to you, our beloved teacher. 您的心灵像雪一样纯净,您的人格像青松一般高洁!赞美您,敬爱的老师。 YM(`E9{h
英语中除上述的用介词、连词或句型等的明喻表达方式外,还有许多常用的明喻习语。例如: P_Bhec|#fT
(1)as clear as crystal清如水晶 (2)as weak as water软弱无力 '(4#He?Gd
2.隐喻(the metaphor) 格式:本体 + is/are+ 喻体 u]Eyb),Gy
例如: f5droys9
(1)Time is a river, of which memory isthe water. Oh my friend, what I scoop up from the river is all yearning of you.时间是河、记忆如水,朋友,我从河里捧起来的都是对你的思念。 TX%W-J_
(2)Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 mDJg-BQ
注意:英语中存在着许多数词习语和俚语,用作隐喻(也有个别用作明喻)。例如: cfg_xrW0^
(1)You areone in a million.你真是人见人爱。 3H'+7[~qH
(2)He hasone over the eight.他酩酊大醉。 {Y p;R
(3)This filmstar is a nine days' wonder; I doubt whether anyone will remember her in ayear's time.这位电影明星现在红极一时(也指昙花一现),但我认为一年以后人们不见得还记得她。 ! 54(K6a[
注意:英语中还有许多隐喻成语。例如: R[/]iK+!&
(1)to teach fish to swim 班门弄斧 1q
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