含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: Dk?\)lD`
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 % LJs
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn't been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. _-EyT
A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 答案选B。 ]\!?qsT3}
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 fMOU$0]$<
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wanted. \EVBwE,
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. z<yU-m2h
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: u,&^&0K,
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 () j=5KDu
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 92EWIHEWZ
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. zzxGAVu
A. were sleeping B. would be sleeping C. had been sleeping D. would sleep选择 B。 |o\8
(4)形容词及其比较级 kkQVNphc
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ~c&bH]cj
A less conscientious man wouldn't have tried so hard to get this job done. nJo`B4'U
(5)分词短语 rwI
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. gXjV?"^kUl
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. ^Y'HaneoM
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 62Z#YQ}x
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. l g-X:Z
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ={z*akn,
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. PS[+~>%
It would be easier to do it this way. :3I@(k\PY
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 {|'
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. + ~>Aj
A diligent student would have worked harder. 'nwx9]
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(8)独立主格结构 2K3{hxB
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 3de_V|%
(9)定语从句 bdc&1I$
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. Dp':oJC
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. F~P%AjAx'
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: zR{W?_cV
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn't. lGOgN!?i
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. *#C+iAF|)'
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 xjVS
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 1#ft#-g}
God bless you! P9vA7[
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. SF>c\eTtx
She'll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come)。 #n#@fAY
If that be so, we shall take action at once. lw<c2C