Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points, 45 minutes) ]=X6*
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Directions: In this part there are several passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked (A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. G]Rb{v,r
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Passage 1 G$#
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Every year scientists open more doors that lead to the secrets of UZcsMMKH
new beneficent drugs. hw2'.}B"(
There is bacitracin, which was discovered by two scientists at -cDS+*[
Columbia University''s College of Physicians and Surgeons. These two 5ynBVrYf
people, Dr. Frank Meleney and Miss Balbina Johnson, knowing that the #&v86
human body had some kind of action in itself with which it fights n $Nw/Vm
infections, began to search for the chemical that does this. In the ALcin))+B
hospital they examined badly infected wounds of people who had been &%@e6..Ex
hurt in accidents and made tests of the blood and the infected tissue. l=|>9,La
Finally, in the wound of a girl who had broken a leg bone, they %}.4c8
found the useful germs which seemed to be fighting the poisonous r4YiXss
infection. They took some of these into the laboratory and from them n*gr(S
developed cultures; that is, larger masses of the germs with which to .[8!
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experiment. At last, after long and painstaking work, they were able {oXU)9vj
to draw from these germs a substance which is a germ destroyer. Dr. e>$d*~mwn
Meleney and Miss Johnson named it bacitracin-baci because the germ is, -FOn%7r#Y
in scientific language, a bacillus and tracin for Margaret Tracy, ]izrr
whose broken leg supplied the germ. %rFR:w`{
Bacitracin at first was used only locally; later the drug was }na0
developed into a solution that can be used to fight germ through the $ol]G`+
blood stream. LiG!xs
16.Today, the discovery of a new drug occurs . ^_4e^D]P"
A)very seldom. B)once in a generation. MZ2/ks
C)once every ten years. D)frequently. 8=K%7:b
17. The scientific term for the action with which the human body YYE{zU
fights infection . jo-2D[Q{
A)drug. B)biotic. =l)D$l
C)not mentioned. D)both A and B. R\a6#u3
18. Searching for the fighting chemical, the scientists examined . I`~Giz7@
A)fresh wounds. B)infected wounds. t)kc`3i<A
C)only infected leg bones. D)only a few wounds. @=7[ KM b
19. Cultures, as used in this article, are . bIWSNNV0F
A)masses of germs. 4Wd
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B)blood tests.
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C)masses of infected tissue. ~|lEi1|
D)poisonous germs. 70GwTK.{~
20. Bacitracin . |Q(3rcOrV"
A)is poisonous. B)destroys germs. C3K":JB
C)restores broken bones. D)develops germs. }ed{8"bj
21. To say that a drug was used locally is to say that it was . tP:ER
A)distributed through the whole system. b FMBIA|
B)used only in the area of infection. lt{D f~c
C)used only at Columbia <.Dg3RH
D)used only in hospitals. 3v91 yMx
22. From reading this selection you can infer that o5E5s9n
A)many scientific discoveries are due to chance. 0{OafL8&l
B)every year scientists discover new beneficent drugs. ^, &'
C)behind medical discovery there may be a dramatic story. N79?s)l:K
D)culture are large masses of germs. w)Xn MyD(P
Passage 2 e#AmtheZR
Our echo sounder located the wreck of a French submarine that had {UFs1
foundered during the war in seventy-five feet of water outside Dakar BMo2t'L
harbor. Dumas and I plunged down and found the vessel lying clean and jK]An;l{Z
upright, surrounded by such clouds of fish as we had rarely seen-small rw$ =!iyO
silver fingerlings and dark metals. As Dumas swam into the shadow of ?{;7\1[4
the port propeller, he came face to face with a gigantic fish, grouper v@d]
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variety, cousin to our familiar Mediterranean meroblast-fish. This C"0vMUZ
specimen was ten times the size of our old acquaintances: he weighed I vX+yU
at least four hundred pounds. The wide, flat head and tiny eyes RBLOc$2
advanced on Dumas; the ugly mouth yawned open, wide enough to admit X.V4YmZ-;
him. Dumas knew that sedentary groupers have no teeth to speak of; it 2%/+r
seemed, however, that this individual might wish to swallow him *mkVk7]c
unmasticated in the fashion of the mero type which swims agape(大张着嘴), NpxgF<G
taking in whole octopuses(章鱼). BZ,{gy7g7X
The cavernous mouth approached within two feet; Dumas sculled s`|KT&r
backward, watchfully keeping a modest interval as the monster "H]R\x
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unhurriedly followed. The knowledge that the species was harmless gave V0G[f}tm'
Dumas little comfort as he gazed into the fish''s mouth; he and the Y(Y#H$w
grouper exchanged mutual stares of revulsion for a seemingly FzAzAl5
interminable period while Dumas was steadily pressed back. Then the VNs3.
beast lost interest, turned aside, and returned to its dim home under uQ%3?bx)T
the lost submarine. Dumas surfaced in a reflective mood: "Imagine Fw8b^ew
being swallowed by a lousy grouper." BZ(DP_}&D
23. Dumas encountered the jewfish while . KV! (
A)trying to locate an old wreck. =y=MljEX
B)skin fishing in Dakar harbor. i]Bu7Fuu
C)swimming near a foundered submarine. 0]zMb^wo
D)attempting to salvage a submarine. 1--Ka& H
24. The gigantic fish was actually . J06D_'{
A)an extraordinarily large pomfret. TiR00#b
C)a kind of grouper fish. agq4Zy
B)a mero. ^v+p@k
D)both B and C.