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中国海洋大学2005年考博英语真题

中国海洋大学2005年考博英语真题 )F3>  
PART  Cloze (15) * amZ  
Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Blacken the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen on your Answer Sheet. !D~\uW1b  
       At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition. As ;uyQR8  
a result, cultural scripts about marriage have Undergone change. One of the more obvious  1  yGE)EBH  
has occurred in the roles that women  2  Women have moved into the world of work and have q!w hWA  
become adept at meeting expectations in that arena,  3  maintaining their family roles .of j*L-sU  
nurturing and creating a (n)  4  that is a haven for all family members.  5  many women ~zc B@; :  
experience strain from trying to "do it all," they often enjoy .the increased  6  that can result "VI2--%v3  
from playing multiple roles.  As women's roles have changed, changing expectations about ~M9&SDT/lB  
men's roles have become more  7  . Many men are relinquishing their major responsibility  8  8ps1Q2|  
the family provider. Probably the most significant change in men's roles, however, is in the G`R_kg9$  
emotional  9  of family life.  Men are increasingly  10  to meet the emotional needs of their I7?s+vyds  
families,  11  their wives. d'!abnF[d  
      In fact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become more significant for marriage in general.  Researeh on  12  marriage has changed over recent aecades points to the increasing, importance of the emotional side of-the relationship,  and the importance of sharing in the e emotion work"   13  to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men and women want to experience marriages that are interdependent,  14  both partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other.  We are thus seeing marriages in which men's and women's roles are becoming increasingly more  15  . ^.u J]k0  
1. A.  incidents    B. changes          C. results            D. effects 41 #YtZ  
2. A.  take        B. do              C. play              D. show { PS|q?  
3. A. by           B. while            C. hence            D. thus Dy^A??A[E}  
4. A. home        B. garden            C.  arena           D. paradise K(heeZUt  
5. A. When        B: Even though       C. Since            D. Nevertheless o0 #zk  
6. A. rewards       B. profits           C.  privileges        D. incomes |6T"T P  
7. A. general       B. acceptable         C. popular          D. apparent KDu~,P]  
8. A. as           B. of                C. from             D. for `V=F>s$W  
9. A.  section      B constituent:         C.  domain         D. point ~'t+X  
10. A. encouraged   B. expected           C. advised          D. predicted 0*50uK=5  
11. A. not to mention                   B. as well as `(VVb@:o  
   Cincluding                        D.  especially               . M(#]NTr ~4  
12. A. how         B. what           C. why               D. if 9}#9i^%}  
13  A. but         B. only.           C. enough            D. necessary 7-2,|(Xg  
14. A. unless       B. although         C. where            D. because ?RU_SCp-  
15. A. pleasant      B. important        C. similar           D. manageable .7r$jmuFs  
PART   Reading Comprehension (30) h45RwQ5Z  
Directions: There are 5 reading passages in this part.  Each passage is followed by some              questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked              A, B, C and D.  You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on              the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. *FC26_pH  
  Passage  1 dZ"d`M>o6  
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances. The fast lighthouse was put tip by Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid forand maintained by "light dues" levied on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. By then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonic. Little over a century later, there were 700 lighthouses. ~RIa),GVX  
The first eight erected on the West Coast in the 1850's featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere, though., lighthouses reflected a Variety of architectural styles. Since most stations in the Northeast were built.on rocky eminences, enormous towers were not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick, others "of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts: some were fastened to rock with iron rods. "Farther south, from Marylandthreugh the Florida Keys, thecoast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to  build tall towers there -- massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras. North Carolina. lighthouse, which was lit in 1870. At 190 feet it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country. P/ 7aj:h~P  
NOt withstanding differences in appearance and construction, mostAmerican lighthouses shared several features: a light, living quarters, and sometimes a bell ( or, later; a foghorn). They also had  something else in common: a keeper and, usually, the keeper's family.  The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern freekaobo.comwick in order to maintain a steady,  bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life --- they were seamen, farmers, mechanics, rough mill hands -- and appoint ments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board, an agency of. the Treasury Department, the keeper corps gradually became highly professional. J%lEyU  
 16 What is the best tide for the passage? N7}y U~j^  
      A. The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island                               ^_XV}&7Q  
      B: The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper                                      G:Cgq\+R  
      C.Early Lighthouses .in the United States 02mu%|"  
      D. The Modem Profession of Lighthouse-Keeping                           `fUP q ;  
  17. Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony? L0>w|LpRc  
      A. It was. the headquarters of the Untied States Lighthouse Board. (m& ''yaH  
      B. Many of the tauest.lighthouses were built there. Qm2(Z8Gh  
      C. The first lantern wicks were developed there. @W\ H%VR  
      D. The first lighthouse in North America was built there. .q_SA-!w>  
18. It can be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did not need high towers because                . D0@d}N  
     A. ship there had high masts Xr$hQbl5D  
     B. coastal waters were safe *kKdL  
     C. the coast was straight and unobstructed H <ugc  
     D. the lighthouse were built on high places 'QxPQ cU  
19. According to the passage, where can the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States be found? H`Ld,E2ex&  
     A, Little Brewster Island 5 @61=Au  
     B. The Florida Keys E K#ib  
C. Cape Hatteras \'Ewn8Qv8  
    D. Cape cod 4&'_~qU  
20. In the second sentence of paragraph 3 , which of the following does the word "They" refer to? atWB*kqI  
     A. Lighthouses $,#,yl ol  
     B.Differences z{dn   
     C. Quarters W.VyH|?  
     D. Features TM?7F2  
 Passage  2 DU.[Sp  
     Every living thing has an inner biological clock that controls behavior. The clock works all the time even when there are no outside signs to mark the passing of time. The biological dock +Y|HO[  
tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to MtIhpTX  
leave the protective cocoon and fly away. And it tells animals when to eat, sleep and wake. It TLiA>`r=  
controls body temperature, the release of some hormones and even dreams.these natural daily 8GFA}_(^R  
events are circadian rhythms. +)7Yqh#$  
      Man has known about them for thousands of years. But the first scientific observation of 1q(o3%   
Circadian rhythms was not made until 1729. In that year French astronomer. Jean-Jacques O.~@V(7ah  
d'Ortous de Mairan, noted that one of his plants opened its leaves at the same time every &+>)H$5  
morning, and closed them at the same time every night. The plant did this even when he kept BdZO$ALXL  
it in a dark place all the time. Later scientists wondered about circadian rhythms .in humans. 2gbMUdpp  
They learned that man's biological clock actually keeps time with-a day of-a litde less than 25 60St99@O  
hours instead of the 24 hours On a man-made clock. About four years ago an American doctor, 1F_ 1bAh$  
Eliot. Weitzman, established a laboratory to study how our biological clock works. The people in 9XPQ1LSx  
his experiments are shut off from the outside world. They are free to listen to and live by their x#s=eeP1  
circadian rhythms. Dr. Weitzman hopes his research will lead to effective treatments for J((.z Lvz  
common sleep problems and sleep disorders caused by aging and mental illness. The laboratory is 'L0{Ed+9  
in the Monteflore Hospital in New York City. It has two living areas with three small rooms in :g[G&Ds8  
each. The windows are covered, so no sunlight or moonlight comes in. There are no radios or WxF rqUz  
television receivers. There is a control room between the living areas.  It contains computers, Y8yRQ zu  
one-way cameras and other electronic devices for observing the person in the living area; The |.zotEh  
instruments measure heartbeat, body temperature, hormones in the blood, other substances in y~N,=5>j  
the urine and brain waves during sleep. A doctor or medical technician is on duty in the control (W l5F  
room 24 hours a day during an experiment They do not work the same time each day and are not 6hs2 B5)+  
permitted to wear watches, so the person in the laboratory has no idea what time it is.  In the Z 7M%}V%  
first four years of research, Dr Weitzman and his assistant have observed 16 men between the .h8%zB#|i  
ages of 21 and 80. The men remained in the laboratory for as long as six months. Last month, @BZ6{@*  
a science reporter for The New York Times newspaper, Dava Sobol, became the first woman to "jUr[X2J  
tare part in the experiment. She entered the laboratory on June 13th and stayed for 25 days. =Xc[EUi<;g  
Miss Sobol wrote reports about the experiment during that time, which were published in the $LF  
Newspaper. $I7/FZP  
21. The biological clock is believed to play an essential role in  *YFe  
      A. the regulation of body temperature 2\z"6  
      B. the secretion of hormones / WVnyz0  
      C. animal reproduction ZN2g(  
      D. many aspects of plant and animal physiology , QJ ueU%|  
22 In his observation, the French scientist noticed that the leaves of a certain plant maintained h !~u9  
     its opening-and-closing cycles }Vpr7_  
A. even when it was kept in a murky place all day [Pdm1]":(  
B.  even if it was placed in the moonlight L30x2\C  
C. even when he was observing it from a dark place Xz=MM0o  
D. even during the night time %3i/PIN  
23  The sentence "They are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms. " (In 9Osjh G  
     Paragraph 4) probably means >,`/ z  
      A. They can lead their daily lives according to their biological clocks, without referring to Hm+-gI3*  
        a man-made clock. sa`7_KB  
      B. They can listen to the wonderful rhythms of the biological clock and live close to them, \>j._#t$h  
      C. They can live by regulating their.own circadian rhythms~ .BXZ\r`  
      D. They are free from the annoying rhythms of everyday life. DsqsMlB{  
24.  In the experiment conducted by Mr. Weitzman, the doctor who is.on duty does not work 1{%EQhNd  
     the same time each day J! >HT'M  
      A. in order to observe the abnormal behavior of the people at different times B7TA:K  
      B. so as not to he recognized by the people ' %OQd?MhL  
      C. so as to avoid indicating to the people what time it is when he starts work +7o3TA]-  
      D. so as to leave the people's circadian rhythms in disorder  `-4 c}T  
 25.  What is Mr. Weitzman's ultimate purpose of establishing a laboratory? Xt /T0.I  
      A. He wanted, to have his experiment report published in the. newspapers 9c806>]U^  
      B. People are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms BpCzmU  
      C. He wanted to find a way to treat people's diseases-. 2"nd(+ QH  
      D. He could gain some reputation for the first scientific observation of circadian 'r4 j;Jn  
26.  Miss Sobo1 left the laboratory sRo%=7Z  
       A. on June 13th                 B. on June 25th 3bpbk  
       C. at the end of June              D. on July 7th pq>"GEN  
passage 3                                .. FgRlxz  
     There is confused notion in the minds of many persons, that the gafhering of the property /wI$}X5o~  
 of the poor into the hands of the rich does no ultimate harm, since in who,sever hands it may be, hH{&k>  
 it must be spent at last, and thus, they think, return to the poor again. This .fallacy has been ]BCH9%zLj  
 again and again exposed; but granting the plea true, the same apology may, of course, be made aD3'gc,l  
 for blackmail; or any other form of robbery. It might be (though practically it never is) as uI-te~]  
 advantageous for the nation that the ~robber should have the spending of the money he extorts, as that the person robbed should have spent it. But thisis no excuse for the theft. If I were to put %|o4 U0c  
 a turnpike on the road where it passes my own gate, and endeavor to exact a shilling from every bWwc2##7jo  
 passenger, the public would soon do away with my gate, without listening to arty pleas on my vhZpYW8  
 part that it was as advantageous to them, in the end, that I should spent their shillings, as that _i:yI-jA  
they themselves should.  But if, instead of outfacing them with a turnpike, I can only persuade j,Qp*b#Qo  
 them to come in and buy stones, or old iron, or any "other useless thing, out of my ground, I sju. `f>-r  
may rob them to the same extent and, moreover, be, thanked as a public benefactor and promoter W:b8m Xx  
of commerCial prosperity.  And. this main question for the poor of England-for the poor of all P$Xig  
countriesis whelly omitted in every treastise on the subject of wealth. Even by the laborers 5>"$95D  
themselves, the operation of capital is regarded 0nlY in its effect on their immediate interests,  hPx=3L$  
never in the far more terrific power of-its appointment .of the kind and the object-of labor, It p-y,OG  
matters little, "ultimately, how much a laborer is paid for making anything, but it matters QOEcp% 6I}  
fearfully what the thing is which..he is compelled to make, If his labor is so ordered as to produce zOCru2 /  
food,, fresh air, and fresh water, no matter that his wages are low; the food and the flesh air 1N1MD@C?P  
and water will be at last there, and he will at last get them_ But if he is paid to destroy food and B:a&)L wp0  
fresh air, or to produce iron bars instead of them, the food and.air will finally not be there, and ^4O1:_|G  
he will not get them, to his great and final inconvenience. So that, conclusively, in political as in STL_#|[RM  
household economy, the great question is, not so much what money you have in your pocket, as &2Q4{i  
what you will buy With it and do with it. @.a[2,o _  
27.  We may infer that the author probably lived in the        . 7<mY{!2iF?  
        A. 1960's in the United States. 6^s=25>p  
        B. early days of British industrialization. siZw-.  
        C. 18th-century France. -k|r#^(G2  
        D. Golden Age of Greece. ),mKEpf  
28. It can be inferred that the author probably favors        . e54wAypPOl  
A. capitalism. #O/ihRoaO  
       B. totalitarianism. CQW#o_\  
       C. socialism. PP.QfY4  
       D. anarchism. CbVUz<  
29. According.to the passage, the individual should be particularly concerned with      . 200/  
       A. how much wealth he can accumulate. d0"Hu^]  
       B. the acquisition of land property rather than money.    ' /9,!)/j  
       C. charging the customer a fair price. ?"N, do  
       D. the quality of goods Which he put chases with his funds. Pb]: i+c)  
       E. working as hard as possible. @Z&El:]3>  
3 0 The passage implies that         . }KEyJj3"DA  
       A. "All's well that ends Well." / Of*II&  
       B. "It is getter late than never. " f',n '  
       C. "He who steals my purse steals trash." "-88bF~  
       D. "None but the brave deserve the fair." 'c*Q/C;  
3 1.  It can be inferred that in regard to the accumulation of wealth the author       qT$;ZV #  
       A. equates the rich with the thief. ?n)d: )Ud"  
       B. indicates that there are few honest businessmen. Hm!ffqO_  
       C. condones sortie dishonesty in business dealings. !K-lO{Z^  
       D. believes destruction of-property is good because it creates consumer demand. zePVB -@u  
32  What is the "main question for the poor" referred to~by the author in the passages? [KR|m,QWp  
        A . the use to which the laborer can put his money. T2<?4^xN  
        B .the methods by which capital may be accumulated.               8[\F*H  
        C. the results" of their work and their lack of authority to determine to What ends their work .shall be put. Tw *:Vw  
        D.  whether full-measure of recompense shall be accorded to the laboring-person for D[32 t0  
             the investment of his time in, worthy work. 2fFZ70Yh  
33. According to the views expressed in the passage, people should be happiest doing rp^= vfW  
which of following? 3tzb@T  
         A. mining ore for the manufacture of weapons. xucrp::g  
         B. cleaning sewage ponds at a treatment plant. (8T36pt~  
         C. waiting tables for a rich man. # JMww  
         D. helping a poor man do his job. P'%#B&LZo  
34.  The author of the above passage would probably re_act to an energy shortage-by fy]z<SPhVJ  
A. blaming the rich for the problem. Z>hS&B  
B. urging that energy be used more efficiently and effectively. H@Yj  
C. supporting the search for more oil, coal, and other energy-pro-ducing, mineral (mbC! !>  
              deposits. \OPJ*/U  
D. dehying that there is really any shortage at all. eajctkzj  
E. fomenting revolution by the poor. .)=T1^[hI  
 Passage  4 *Z}^T:3iw}  
No very satisfactory account of the mechanism that caused the formation of the ocean basins has yet been given. The traditional view supposes that the upper mantle of the earth behaves as a liquid when it is subjected to small forces f0r long periods and that differences in temperature under oceans and continents are sufficient to produce convection inthe mantle of the earth with rising convection currents under the mid-ocean ridges and sinking currents under the continents. Theoretically this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a .conveyor belt and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge. This view may be correct;  it has the advantage that the currents are driven by v~E\u  
temperature differences that themselvesdepend on the position of the moving'plate has an impact :kU#5Aj gK  
on the forces that move it, could produce complicated and varying motions. o]T-7Gs4p  
      On the other hand, the theory is implausible because convection does not normally occur *rKj%Me  
 along lines, and it certainly does not occur along lines broken by frequent offsets or changes in N;Hoi8W  
 direction, as the ridge is. Also it is difficult to see how the theory applies to the plate between a(.q=W  
 the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the ridge in the Indian Ocean. This plate iS growing on both sides W5i{W'  
and since there is no intermediate trench, the two ridges must be moving apart; It would be odd )M3} 6^s]  
if the rising convection currents kept exact pace with ~them: An alternative theory is that the zXX = WH  
sinking part of the plate, which is denser than the hotter surrounding mantle, pulls the rest of /Ne;Kdp  
the plate after it. Again it is difficult to see how this applies to the ridge in the South Atlantic, hk*@<ff  
where neither the African nor the American plate has a sinking part. j(aok5:e  
      Another possibility is that the sinking plate Cools the neighboring mantle and produces convection currents that move the plates. This last theory is attractive because it gives some hope of explaining the enclosed seas, such as the Sea of Japan. These seas have a typical oceanic floor except that the floor is overlaid by several kilometers of sediment. Their floors have probably been Sinking for.long periods. It seems possible that a sinking current of cooled mantle material onthe upper side of the plate might be the cause of such deep basins. The enclosed seas are an important feature of the earth's surface and seriously require 'explanation because, in addition to the enclosed seas flint are devdoping at present behind island ares, there are a number of older ones of possibly similar origin, such as the Gluf of Mexico, the Black Sea, and perhaps the North Sea. D[jPz0  
35. According to the traditional view of the origin of the oceanbasins which of the following is sufficient to move the continental plates?  8O^<#lh  
       A. Increases in sedimentation on ocean floors. B1^9mV'O  
       B. Spreading of ocean trenches. &VPfI  
       C. Differences in temperature under oceans and continents. ATRB9  
       D. Sinking of ocean basins. 0*J},#ba$  
36. It can he inferred from the passage that, of the following, the deepest sediments would cnw?3/J  
be found in the x*'2%3C~  
       A. Indian Ocean.  B. Black Sea.  C. Mid-Atlantic.  D. South Atlantic. 9 AWFjoXl"  
37. The author refers to a "conveyor belt" in order to xaN[ru@  
      A. illustrate the effects of convection in the mantle. R6m6bsZ`  
      B. show how temperature differences depend, on the positions of the continents m=[3"X3W1V  
      C. demonstrate the linear nature of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. R6cd;| fan  
      D. describe the complicated motions made possible by back-coupling. >mAi/TZC  
38. The author regards the traditional view of the origin of the oceans with jjT)3 c:J[  
       A. slight apprehension.                  B. absolute indifference. e6`g[Ap  
       C. guarded skepticism.                  D. complete disbelief. g:oB j6$ q  
39. According to the passage, which of the following are separated by a plate that is [iXkv\  
growing on both sides? 4`Ib wg6"B  
A. The Pacific Ocean and: the Sea of Japan. %/n#{;c#  
B. The South Atlantic Ridge and the North Sea Ridge. Zjkg"  
C. The Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ridge. oUd R,;h9  
D. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Indian Ocean Ridge. )+ (GE  
40Which of the following,  if it could be demonstrated, would most support the Je*hyi7  
traditional view of ocean formation  w# R0QF  
A. Convection usually occurs along lines. *";O_ :C!  
B. The upper mantle behaves as a dense solid. a{ p1Yy-]  
C. Sedimentation occurs at a constant rate. 2{|mL`$04<  
D. Sinking plates cool the mantle. aY8QYK ;?^  
41. According to the passage, the floor of the Black Sea can best be compared to a GHR r+  
      A. rapidly moving covey or belt. QTIC5cl,  
      B. slowly Settling foundation. "1wjh=@z  
      C. rapidly expanding balloon: g/+|gHq^  
      D. violently erupting volcano. G  L-Pir  
42. Which of the following titles would best describe the content of the passage? nV/;yl4e{  
      A. A Description of the Oceans of the World. X?aj0# Q  
      B. Several Theories of Ocean Basin Formation.. h$)4%Fy  
      C. The Traditional View of the Oceans. ePo :::  
      D. Temperature Differences Amongthe Oceans of the World. _ SJ Fuv/  
Passage 5  :>-&  
        In 1921, leading investigators in the. field of intelligenee, participating in a symposium, |wM<n  
  "Intelligence and Its .Measurement", sponsored by the Journal of 'Educational Psychology, %7A?gY81  
  defined the title concept,  producing almost as .many defintions as there were definers,  but B=)tq.Q7  
  reached no consensus. One contemporary observer was prompted to quip that intelligence seemed merely to be the capacity to do well on an intelligence test..Now, sixty years later, the situation seems little changed. As Yale'S Robert J.  Steinberg, an influential cognitive psychologist, warns, "If we are to seek genuine understanding of the relationship between natural intelligence and measured intelligence (IQ), there is one route that clearly will not lead us to the heart of the problem and that we must avoid at all costs. This route is defining away (rather than D[0g0>K  
 defining) intelligence as whatever it is that IQ tests measure. lho0Xy gn  
    The dominant approach followed by researchers attempting to define intelligence has been  factor analysis, a statistical method that examines mental ability test scores with an eye to `u" )*Q}  
 discerning constellations of test scores that are closely related to each other.. The underlying 'M35L30  
 thesis is that where a correlation appears among the scores of many people on tests of different (R]b'3,E$  
 mental abilities, a single factor of intelligence must be common to performance on those tests. ;m~%57.;\  
   Charles Spearman, originator of factor analysis, held that two kinds of factors form the basis of intelligence a general factor and specffic factors. Subsequent theorists divided the general factor into two or more sub-factors, the two most generally agreed upon being verbal, educational and practical-mechanical abilities. Factor analysis has listed many discrete mental abilities and produced models that show how they combine, hut it has not suggested how these abilities work, nor has it been productive in dealing with adaptational ability Or practical problem solving. ZC97Z sE  
    A more recent approach is process analysis or information processing, whose thrust of test glomwny  
performance. Process analysts, says Dr.  Sternberg, do not reject the findings of factoranatysls ! i8'gq'q  
but rather, seek " to supplement our understanding of the factors of intelligence with an understanding of the processes that are responsible at least in part for the generation of these 1T 8|>2m 3  
factors as sources of individual difference. " _F`RwBOjs  
    The counterpart of the factor as a unit of analysis is the component, described by Dr. @ r/f  
Sternberg as "an elementary information process that operates upon internal representations of -r%k)4_  
objects or symbols. " Componential studies have been subjected to statistical"analysis, and the ,&LGAa  
findings have clarified how certain tasks are performed. However, like factor analysis, process ]6].l$%z#  
analysis has so far provided few insights into practical problem solving and adaptation to real $ S]l%  
worm environments.  Dr.  Sternberg-hopes that the application of componential analysis to Q tl! f  
simulations of real world .task performance will contribute to an understanding of how intelligence operated in that area of human activity. W[qQDn!r  
    Some in the field say that identifying factors and prcesses is worthwhile, but that doingso will not lead to a definition of intelligence. These critics warn that the models produced by such research may become the basis for some future statementthat intelligence is what the models model. "H|hN  
43. It can be inferred from.the first paragraph that H|z:j35\  
     A. no progress has been made in the Study of intelligence since 1921. H'?dsc  
     B. intelligence is the capacity-to do well in an intelligence test. zRFvWOxC\  
     C. Robert J.  Sternberg was one of the participants in the 1921  symposium, "Intelligence and Its Measurement". #;hYJ Y  
     D. psychologists have not yet arrived at a generally accepted definition of intelligence. F/:Jp3@  
44The author's primary purpose in the passage is to o{OY1 ;=6  
     A .prove that factor analysis, provides a definitive explanation of the various skills h 6juX'V  
        which make up intelligence~:.                                         . . w">-r}HnJ  
     B. contrast the techniques of factor analysis with.whose used in:process analysis. bj_oA i  
     C. explain the most recent developments in the field, of .cognitive theory. =j~Xrytn  
     D. suggest that, despite the progress that has been made, the true mature of :|N(:W>=$Y  
       intelligence is not yet understood. kz^?!l)X0  
45. According to the passage, process, analysis C/YjMYwKgv  
        A. is fundamentally opposed to the concept of factor analysis. )<vuv9=k\%  
        B. has shed light on how intelligence works in the performance of certain tasks. dReJ;x4  
        C. has contributed to an-understanding of adaptational ability through the simulation o,_R;'\E[a  
           of real-world task performance.                               ,2]a<0m  
        D. concentrates on identifying the specific factors that form the basis of intelligence. H",q-.!  
46. It can be.inferred that which of.the following represent (s) the kind of mental activity wg=-&-  
into which neither -factor anaIysis nor process analysis has provided much insight? e2"gzZ4;g  
   I. The acquisition of vocabulary c63yJqiW  
   . Reading comprehension M{O8iq[  
   Ⅲ.The selection of methods for achieving goals !c;BOCqa  
A.       I only.  B.  II only.  C.  ouly.  D. I and only. .y>G /8_i  
47. According to the passage, factor analysis 'L8B"5|>  
     A. organizes mental processes and components into a single factor of inteliigence. &nfG Rb  
     B. subjects  mental ability  test scores  to statistical  analysis  to determine, the 9;tY'32/  
       correlations between the test of different mental abilities. tVhf1TH#  
     C. simulates real-world problems in an attempt to isolate the factors that are common UBM :.*wN  
        to all problem-solving techniques. .{4U]a;[  
     D. arranges constellations of abilities into patterns that are the basis for well-designed P:fcbfH+  
        intelligence tests. x#}{z1op9  
48. It can be inferred from the'passage that Dr.- Sternberg _ cm^Fi 5  
     A. favors the information processing approach. 5?XIp6%x  
B. disagrees with the factor analysis approach. mcq.*at  
 C. rejects the use Of simulations in componential analysis. zaG1  
D. agrees with Charles Spearman's two-factor theory of intelligence. Mh8s@g  
49. Which of the following is neither stated nor implied.in the passage? Z&Xp9"j,@;  
    A. The symposium  " Intelligence and :Its Measurement." failed  to .produce a consensus. Zx 5Ue#I  
    B. In process analysis, the component is the basic Unit of analysis. Ih^ziDcW  
    C. The information processing approach has the greatest promise of providing an acceptable definition of intelligence. P; 9{;  
    D. Neither process analysis nor factor analysis has provided important insights into practical problem solving. ` *q>E  
50. Which of the following titles best summarizes the content of the passage? MP$9W)  
     A. Some Difficulties in Defining Intelligence. =_Ip0FfK!  
     B. Factorial Theory and Its Impact on Cognitive Theory. 1`)e}p&  
     C. The Effect of Information Processing on Test Performance. -d_7 q  
     D. Recent Advances in the Field of Cognitive Thinking. +MyXIWmD  
PART   Translation (A) -^$`5Rk  
Directions: Read the following passage and translate the numbered sentences into Chinese. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. x@? YS  
(1) Major breakthroughs were made in the reform aimed at establishing a socialist market jP}Ix8vc=  
economy; a framework for the new macro-control system was erected .preliminarily and the Z~v-@  
fundamental roleof the market in the allocation of resources was notably bolstered. q}cm"lO$  
During the past five years, in accordance with the reform objectives defined by the 14th National Congress of the CPC, the government took strides in promoting reform of the finance,  taxation, 36UUt!}p  
banking, foreign exchange, planning, pricing and investment and fund-raising systems..New ,racmxnv  
financial and taxation systems have been established and are functioning smoothly. The financial Sc9}W U  
resources of both the central government and local governments have increased considerably. nd,2EX<bE  
(2) Non-commercial banking has been preliminarily, separated from commercial banking, and the central bank is playing an increasingly important role in financial control, supervision and management. (3) A single, exchange rate for the RMB was successfully introduced; the exchange rate of the RMB remained stable; and the RMB was made Convertible under current accounts. As planning regulations which were carried out mainly in the form of guidance plans constantly improved, and as the control over prices further relaxed, prices of an overwhelming majority of consumer goods and means of production are now being set by the market. As a result, the market is playing an increasingly evident rote in augmenting supply, regulating demand and enriching people's lives. (4) In the reform of investment and fund-raising, we introduced a system whereby a legal person is held responsible for projects, a capital system and public bidding system.  Safeguards against investment risks were gradually strengthened and enterprises had more channels through which to raise funds.  The reform of state-owned enterprises  has experimentation. been  intensified  and  is  progressing  steadily  through  conscientious ^=[b] *V  
 (5) The direction objectives, guiding policies and priorities of the reform ;|pw;-  
have been defined. We have explored many means and have accumulated valuable experience in "ifv1KZ#  
tackling difficult points. ";;Nc>-Y  
 Part IV  Translation   (B) `l0"4 [?  
Directions: Translate the following chinese into English. Writer your answer on the )jGB[s";)y  
ANSWER SHEET. 2Z+:^5  
1. 世界上大多数城市,都在没有任何为城市发展拟订的合理计划下发展起来。现在越来 = fK6P6'B  
越多的市政府已认识到控制和指导发展的必要. /wU4^8Hz  
2. 当敬老养老蔚然成风时,各个年龄层的人都会有一种安全感,每个人都有一天会 7x#."6>Dy  
变老。如果人们确信老年时生活一定幸福安乐,就会全力以赴地投人工作。 odKdpa Zc[  
3.速度是感觉不出来的。但是我们的判断力会使我们知道我们在运动。我们看见东 97vQM  
西在我们的身旁滑过,同时感觉到我们受到震动。 Ogu";p(  
4. 发展危机,特别是反映在发展中国家外债问题中的危机,是全球性经济不平衡的 >E9 k5  
令人震惊的表现。危机要求我们寻求创造性的解决办法。 +g&M@8XO&  
PART V  Writing   ( 20 ) _*++xF1  
Directions: In this.part, please write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "China in the 21 Century and Her Returning Scholars". You should base your essay on the following outline. t6Nkv;)>@  
1. Today, many countrymen are returning after they finish their study abroad. .4[M 7)  
2. Reasons for their returning. w+gPU1|(r  
3. Significance of their returning both to China and to themselves. FD/=uIXH2  
b}! T!IP}  
`]F#j ]"  
1F R  
X3m)  
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