加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 考博报班 每日签到
   
主题 : 考博英语写作技巧
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2009-10-16   

考博英语写作技巧

本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] e <]^7pz  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] Y(D&JKx  
有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥],很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] C 7e  
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] l%^VBv> 2  
经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] byrK``f  
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”
(适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] wEu"X  
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. _pZaVx  
(适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] F[HMX4  
更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] ,dZ&i! @?  
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… <.6bni )  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] vsDR@Y}k  
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] @2HNYW)  
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] Ivdg1X  
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college SA1| 7  
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. [LcHO] _^M  
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] kCoTz"Z-  
Honesty J#L"kz  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥]  <m7T`5+  
Travel by Bike c(tX761qz  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] P{{pp<tX*&  
Youth liuF;*  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] 7j <:hF~  
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 9sR?aW^$,/  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] Mr8r(LGY  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] 'W>Zr}:  
A recent statistics shows that … E(l'\q'.  
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] mnwYv..ePz  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] N0:gY]o%  
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]总而言之[font=ˎ̥]之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] PN$vBFjm  
Obviously
(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good +Je(]b @  
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. W)0y+H\% r  
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]显而见之[font=ˎ̥],但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥] )kq3q5*_  
更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] ns{BU->f  
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus ) Apg  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] &?-LL{W{  
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… N0D)d  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥] RuW62QSq  
如果说[font=ˎ̥]如此结论[font=ˎ̥]是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]如此建议[font=ˎ̥]应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] r dc} e"v  
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve %/86}DCfE?  
the problem. |Bv?! sjf  
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] kg>Ymo.  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] k#4%d1O}  
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. .Q,IOCHk  
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be 31w9$H N  
taken. L=. 4x=%%  
写作的[font=ˎ̥]七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]:一、[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] 3lyk/',  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] 'wo[iNy[  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is GP %83T  
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to 0/8r YBV  
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite *cdr,AD?lH  
similar. G;n'c7BV  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] UF[2Rb8?  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] ^y?7B_%:B#  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] k,L,  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] sOSol7n  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥]  +X i#y}%  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully })V9d  
prepared before the exam
(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, {Gnji] v  
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、[font=ˎ̥] " _qH+ =_R  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] v535LwFW  
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥] &zsaVm8  
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]标签[font=ˎ̥]来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] "5mdq-h(  
1
[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] h+k:G9;sS  
2
[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] +/60$60[z  
3
[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] 1FU(j*~:  
4
[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, I_mnXd;n  
lastly
(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] U2=l; R{  
5
[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] etdI:N*x  
6
[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] _tZT  
7
[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] z'K&LH  
8
[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally 'qS&7 W(  
9
[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] gF;i3OJg  
10
[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] 5v4 ,YHD  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] )CQ'kHT<e  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] 7A|n*'[T>  
I cannot bear it. T+7O+X#  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. Sw<@u+Z;%  
I want it. (j;s6g0  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. )%lPa|7s  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] a#t:+iw  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, ?4Z`^uy  
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 25%[nkO4  
之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] P!@b:.$  
走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room b6sj/V8  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room ;5qZQ8`4  
*****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room wlk{V  
小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room 1sgI,5liUs  
老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room b_2bg>|;  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] rw(EI,G  
1
)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] 7M;7jI/C  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and,  [@YeQ{  
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] Kx,#Wg{H  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. ?`ETlFtD4  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] _p0@1 s(U  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. ,gAa9  
其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] [XK^3pT_  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover |6@s6]%X}  
2
)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] gEr@L  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] .d mU h-  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. NVyel*QE  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. h"O4r8G}  
更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] {v3?.a$ u  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, E}-Y!,v^  
despite, notwithstanding =(]yl_  
3
)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so[font=ˎ̥] +"P!es\q  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] NgI n\) =0  
The snow began to fall, so we went home. P]h-**O  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] /Py1Q  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a YB` 1S  
result, for this reason, so that kg/<<RO  
4
)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] e-E0Bp  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] d U}kimz  
举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. >U7{EfUJdx  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. _GW,9s^A  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] $R&K-;D/8  
When to go, Why he goes away… zm~sq_=^  
5
)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] r,8~qHbOT  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] oVAY}q|wU  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. wdMVy=SS  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. `z1E]{A  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. p|0ZP6!|  
其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom bdYx81  
or that
关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] w l#jSj%pd  
6
)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] /RBIZ_  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] x%J.$o[<_  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated o |"iW" +  
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. t 2Y2v2 J  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such .|c=]_{  
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean _xu_W;nh  
tides. j 21>\K!p  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, rp_Aw  
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
(气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] Wagb|B\  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] #!7 b3>}  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] X$(YCb  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] '9tV-whw  
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb r 3FUddF'  
the Western Hills. #4Ltw ,b^  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about 'q7&MM'oS^  
three times that of China. nq 9{{oe  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] 7R#$Hm  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] WKB K)=  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] O`TM}  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted .mvpFdn  
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as T u7}*vsR  
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 3)3$ L  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will qrkJ:  
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the NU(YllPB  
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. UO}Yr8Z;  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] u$ a7  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, DlxL:  
for example
二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] &b=OT%D~FU  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] {8w,{p`  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥]through [KNA5(Y0  
comparison
)和不同点([font=ˎ̥]through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥] ]z"7v  
相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] MxL i'R=  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 3u&)6C?YM  
相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] fea4Ul{ib  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, Q =#@g  
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, %^}|HG*i??  
三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] Zz^!QlF  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] b&I{?'"%8  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! DUWSY?^c  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. j[Oh>yG  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love ` l}+BI`4  
with you. z~\Y*\f^Y3  
或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] C0[ Z>$  
I cannot bear it. >f-*D25f%  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. DRmN+2I  
因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with DH'0#  
it or I am fed up with it. !y-,r4\@`  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] %G/j+Pf  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more &]P1IQ  
simply
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
沙发  发表于: 2009-10-26   
谢谢分享,顶一下哈
级别: 初级博友
显示用户信息 
板凳  发表于: 2010-03-05   
谢谢,好资料啊
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
2+6=? 正确答案:8
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交