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The second most important constituent of the biosphere is 1+?^0%AC
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liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, o\vBOp?hj
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since water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C. This is s/089jlc
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only a tiny range compared with the low temperatures of some q -8t'7
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other planets and the hot interior of the earth, let the temperature __1__ {v3P9s(
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of the sun. by controlpanel YKQr,
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As we know, life would only be possible on the face of a __2__ YJ$1N!rG
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planet had temperatures somewhere within this range. __3__ W`^@)|9^)
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The earth’s supply of water probably remains quite fairly constant __4__ \TU3rk&X
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in quantity. A certain number of hydrogen atoms, which rj!0GI
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are one of the main constituents of water, are lost by escaping V^;jJ']
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from the atmosphere to out space, but they are probably just __5__ 5h; +Ky!I
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about to be replaced by new water rising away from the depths of the __6__ 5atYOep
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earth during volcanic action. The total quantity of water is not Q|@4bz i)
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known, and it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe __7__ n?V+dC=F}
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to a depth of about two and three-quarter kms. Most of it—97% NFv>B>
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is in the form of the salt waters of the oceans. The rest is $q
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fresh, but three quarter of this is in the form of ice at the Poles __8__ ]kboG%Dl?9
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and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems when __9__ "^Ybs'-
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melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat fewer __10__ [<KM?\"1<
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than 1%of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored as underground .aflsUD
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water as is actually on the surface. There is also a minor,