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楼主  发表于: 2009-10-16   

考博英语写作技巧

本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] >_h*N H  
[font=ˎ̥]1.[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] :~BY[")  
有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥]”,很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] MnUal}MO  
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] U}(*}Ut  
经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] t>><|~wp  
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”
(适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] N8;/Zd;^  
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. Yd:8i JA  
(适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] mjG-A8y  
更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] HjUs}#</  
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… rWEJCFa  
2
.[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] lw0l86^Y  
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] 0m_c43+^  
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] n8#iL  
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college fQq '_q5  
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. _M= \s>;G  
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] lpLjfHr  
Honesty yhg^1l|t,  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] 7 7"'?  
Travel by Bike !8M]n  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] >p Y0f }  
Youth ;QQLYT  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] 6VpT*,2d~  
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? pTPWToKh  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] 'v iF8?_  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] =b2/g [  
A recent statistics shows that … )*ocX)AE  
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] 5]DgfwX  
[font=ˎ̥]1.[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] $TS4YaJ%  
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]“总而言之[font=ˎ̥]”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] 1>bG]l1//  
Obviously
(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good :4|ubu  
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. e>\[OwF-x  
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]“显而见之[font=ˎ̥]”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥] Xl^=&!S>me  
更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] YNV4w{>FD  
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus }S|~^  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] ~YO99PP  
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… &|'k)6Rx  
2
.[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥] JJ_77i  
如果说[font=ˎ̥]“如此结论[font=ˎ̥]”是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]“如此建议[font=ˎ̥]”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] IF-g %  
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve x TEDC,B  
the problem. |9c J O@  
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] <]#'6'  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] ,tBb$T)7<  
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. C,$$bmS =  
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be x-0S-1M  
taken. x%HX0= (  
写作的[font=ˎ̥]“七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]”:一、[font=ˎ̥] 长[font=ˎ̥] 短[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] H<bYm]a%  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] vqDd][n  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is q))r lMo  
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to ]Q-*xho  
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite {x$WBy9  
similar. @}sxA9 a  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] }cUq1r-bW  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] dJ~AMol  
主[font=ˎ̥] 题[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] iupuhq$ ]  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]“群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] %dA6vHI,  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥] JRfG]u6GU  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully "`;$wA  
prepared before the exam
(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, ?Ybgzb  
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、[font=ˎ̥] };{V]f 0  
一[font=ˎ̥] 二[font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] XNODDH   
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥]… Wx~N1+  
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]“标签[font=ˎ̥]”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] !kAjne8]d  
1
)[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] -qv*%O@  
2
)[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] 1>5l(zK!9  
3
)[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] XEK%\ o}  
4
)[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, L-J 7z+{  
lastly
(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] l;+nL[%`  
5
)[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] cOz8YVR-  
6
)[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] # j!RbW  
7
)[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] _[J @w.l(  
8
)[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally >ucVrLm,X  
9
)[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] dXwfOC\\  
10
)[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] 2L\}  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] ,# i@jB  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] W 8bh49   
I cannot bear it. {0~ Sj%Ze  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. |_fmbG  
I want it. 1W@ C]n4  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. r .&<~x  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] aXOW +$,  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, G&2UXr3  
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital E[IjeJB5  
之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] p= fj1*  
走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room kK62yz,  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room `lI(SS]w  
*****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room VaV(+X  
小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room nu=yE$BN{  
老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room zc1y)s0G  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] Npr<{}ZE  
1
)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] M&93TQU-  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, 8c h^e[U`  
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] ^0x0 rY  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. >^fpQG  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] PN(P$6  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. T(@J]Y-  
其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] V"A*k^}  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 3?n2/p 7=  
2
)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] qD] &&"B  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] 2oO&8:`tv  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. )qq5WShMJ  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. d?9b6k?  
更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] {S$]I)tV  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, +N3f{-{"Yo  
despite, notwithstanding o*r 2T4 8  
3
)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so)[font=ˎ̥] A.8[FkiNmD  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] *vqr+jr9  
The snow began to fall, so we went home.  mS]&  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] h!zev~u1)`  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a i(9 5=t(  
result, for this reason, so that nS` :)#;  
4
)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] lL$no7HBy  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] -Uj3?W  
举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. `B %IHr  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. lx H3a :gm  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] \'>ZU-V  
When to go, Why he goes away… "NM SLqO  
5
)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] UXd nN;0  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] rG t/ /6  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 7jzd I!  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. )J>-;EYb8  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. -|WQs'%O  
其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom !\hUjM+(}  
or that
关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] 1:j[p=Q&  
6
)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] ~2L]K4Z^  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] ^!j,d_)b!  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated R\MFh!6sn  
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. 2l.qINyz  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such ;%YAiW8{Xk  
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean @ |^;d  
tides. [IRWm N-  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, =K8z8K?  
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
(气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] av:9kPKm  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] B4kJ 7Pdny  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] x:0nK,  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] YkJnZ_k/P  
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb ,5Nf9z!hk(  
the Western Hills. '(-SuaH49  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about ;+NU;f/WM  
three times that of China. wxW\L!@  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] ;cfmMt!QWJ  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] d'UC Pg<Y  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] l0@+ &Xj  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted t{g7 :A  
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as & G8tb>q<V  
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. {<#~Ya-  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ;'7gg]  
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the r{ }&* Y  
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. $`'Xb  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] "+k^8ki  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, )|Xi:Zd5>  
for example
二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] *-lw2M9V  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] %[J|n~8_Z  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥]through #z&@f  
comparison
)和不同点([font=ˎ̥]through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥] l6z}D; 4  
相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] %5rC`9^  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner JR^#NefJ  
相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] kD{qW=Lpn  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, #}|g8gh  
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, alz2F.%Y  
…
三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] %wk3&EC.  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] r]lPXj(`  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! S3F8Chk5  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. lq*{2M{[  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love CF0i72ul5  
with you. +u| p<z  
或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] ZGZ+BOFL  
I cannot bear it. HI%#S&d  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. 3S h#7"K3  
因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with zM+eb| >cr  
it or I am fed up with it. 4 /Q4sE~<  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] 4y|%Oj  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more <WCTJ!Z  
simply
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板凳  发表于: 2010-03-05   
谢谢,好资料啊
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沙发  发表于: 2009-10-26   
谢谢分享,顶一下哈
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