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1、 scirrhous carcinoma nh E!Pk
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2、 metaplasia jR/X}XQtY
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3、 granulocytic sarcoma (bT\HW%m
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4、 Comedocarcinoma ZE=~ re
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5、 koilocyte %@rh\Z
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6、 Myxedema PGw"\-F
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7、 Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome
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8、 Truncle cirrhosis _6(zG.Fg
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9、 Charcot-leyden crysta }& 1_gn15
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1. What is granulomatous inflammation ? Please list two examples and describe their histopathological features. =tog<7
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2. Please list each component of granulation tissue and describe their functions. N.&K"J
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3. Outline when we apply for intraoperative frozen section examination and when not. fB:M'A'
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4. Please describe the pathological features of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. TIvLY5 HG
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5. Please try to list three infectious diseases which can cause intestinal ulcers, and briefly describe the morphological character of ulcers. *PMql $
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6. Please describe the cautions oflymph node biopsies. Z6
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1. What is the definition of immunohistochemistry? Please describe the reasons for false positive and false negative in immunohistochemical results. j&&^PH9ZY
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2. Please try to list the similarities and differences between abscess and phlegmonous inflammation. A l` ;SWN
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3. Please try to list the similarities and differences between epidemic meningitis and epidemic encephalitis B.
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4. Please list at least three histological types of thyroid carcinoma, and describe their biolodical behaviors. ]>AW
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一、必答题(70分)
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1、 简述成分输血的概念及意义。(6分) 7;
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2、 SSI的全称是什么?包括哪些部位?(4分) ~bwFQYY=
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3、 大量输血有哪些主要并发症?(5分) W35nnBU
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4、 简述营养支持方法的选择依据及原则。(7分) '}
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5、 围手术期发生下肢深静脉血栓形成的原因是什么?应当如何预防?(5分) &{
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6、 根据中国抗癌协会最新诊治指南与规范,乳腺癌哪些人群适宜保乳治疗?保乳治疗有哪些绝对禁忌症?(6分) E+01"G<Q
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7、 男性,26岁,70Kg,不慎被火焰烧伤部位如图示(烧伤分布图:Ⅱ度分布:右上臂全部,左大腿后部;Ⅲ度分布:正面躯干及左大腿前部;会阴部无烧伤)。无休克、吸入性损伤及复合伤,请计算其烧伤面积,评估烧伤严重程度,并试计算第一个24小时补液量。(6分) ^]v}AEcm
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8、 简述清创术的基本要求。 \"lzmxe0p
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9、 股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗选择。(4分) jK{C
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10、 人、兽咬伤的治疗要点包括哪些?(4分) lE`ScYG
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11、 简述医源性输尿管损伤的原因。(8分) `S.;&%B\
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12、 简述腹腔镜手术相关的特殊并发症及预防措施。(6分) YZnrGkQ
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13、 预防性使用抗生素有哪些适应症?(4分) K'71uW>
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二、选做题(30分) q5`Gl
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14、原发性肝胆管结石病有哪些主要的病理改变?(10分) 5 Fd ]3
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15、简述GIST的手术适应症及转移复发的处理。(10分) ~ PP GU1
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16、颈动脉内膜切除术(CEA)治疗颈动脉严重狭窄手术有哪些绝对的和相对的适应证?有哪些禁忌证?(10分)