首都医科大学 n\~yX<;X3
CjZ6NAHc
生物化学 R6Pz#`n
'%O\E{h
2015首都医科大学博士入学考试-生物化学回忆版 AzX(~Qc
DZAH"sb
一、名词解释(应该是5个,但是记不清是哪5个了) ^V,@=QL3U
*lq7t2
1.chaperon 2.motif 3.allosteric enzyme 4.ribozyme 5.gluconeogenesis 6.sernicon servativereplication D4\(:kF\Hg
zf")|9j
二、选择题(很多题记不太清楚了,细节问题请包容) /2'c>
(QhAGk&lu
1.Which of the followingstatements concerning protein domains is true? Sl~C0eO
A>y#}^
l]
A.they are examples ofstructural motifs sp,(&Y]US
2c*2\93>
B.large polypeptide may beorganized into struoturally close but functionally independent units +{bh
dK7 ^
C.the consist of separatepoly peptide chains(subunits) ,dq`EsHg`M
W.sD2f
D.they have been found onlyin prokaryotic proteins Jz2q\42q
33S`aJ
2.Prion disease aregenerally believed to a associated with n7'<3t
pe|\'<>i
A.infection by a RNA vins B.infection by DNA C.infection by protein D.infection by mRNA "N]WL5$i
2fbvU
3.The secondary structureof transfer RNA is UvoG<;
QTJrJD
A.described as double helix B.described as reversed “L” C.described as cloverleaf D.present only ineukaryotic cells sd7Y6?_C
$jDD0<F.#
4.In competitive inhibiyion Ez wF`3RjK
ZW`HDrP`
A.Km not change,Vmax not change B.Km rise, Vmaxnot change C.Km not change,Vmax rise D.Km rise, Vmaxrise F\l!A'Q+t
VdYOm
5.The part og the RNApolymerase noloenzyme that initiates binding to DNA is called the mRNHq3
+
4++Z
A.sigma factor B.intron C.ribosomal RNA D.core enzyme q
rOB_Nz
YlxUx
6.Sunlight can damage DNAby nT(!
HDH
yRSy(/L^+
A.making apyrimidinic sites B.causing spontaneousdeamination of bases _q2`m
&4a~6
C.forming pyrimidinedimmers D.alkylating DNA Ul7,k\q@
1j_aH#
Fz:
7.Which is therate-limiting enzyme, inregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway? GA}hp%
X:iG[iU*
A.hexokinase B.6-phosphofructokinace-1 C.Clucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase D.pyrurate dehydrogenase mJU>f-l
&^"s=g.
8.Transcription is theprocess in which >:(6{}b
*=r@vQ
A.protein is synthesized from DNA B.DNA is replicated ^*j[&:d
[0(
E>vm
C.RNA is synthesized from protein D.ENA is synthesized fromDNA C{U[w^X
w0F:%:/
9.Which of the following isa sis-acting element? w%!k?t,*]
}Etd#">
A.RNA polymerase B.Enhancer C.transcriptionfactor I D.structural gene +"*l2E]5
Iltg0`
10.The protein that canbind to RNA and prevent the trascription is called [v>Z(
M,=@|U/B
A.inducer B.repressor protein C.cis-acting element D.positive regulatoryproteins ;RTrRh0v
Q*oA{eZY
11.蛋白质吸收紫外光的大小取决于 H@OrX
Dg];(c+/
A.脂肪族氨基酸含量 B.酸性氨基酸含量 C.芳香族氨基酸含量 D. 蛋氨酸含量 .j]OO/,
%<bG%V(
12.DNA变性是指 UH.}B3H
D+@/x{wX2
A.分子中磷酸二酯键断裂 B.多核苷酸链解裂 C.DNA分子由超螺旋变为双键双螺旋 D.互补碱基之间氢键断裂 ,sQ0atk7ma
\M1M2(@pDJ
13.关于关键酶的叙述哪项错误? 6#lC(ko'
1zEZ\G
A.关键酶常是变构酶 B.关键酶常位于代谢途径的起始或分叉部位 WP#_qqO
k(vEp]
C.关键酶是共价修饰酶 D.关键酶活性最高 W@uH!n>k
7.Kjg_N#Tr
14.下列哪个反应是三羧酸循环中的底物水平磷酸化反应: W;)FNP|MT
Gh>fp
A.异柠檬酸—α-酮戊二酸 B.琥珀酰COA—琥珀酸 C.琥珀酸—延胡索酸 D.延胡索酸—苹果酸 E?c{02fu
V3hm*{ON
15.体内贮存脂肪主要代谢来自 1\.zOq#
H2p XJ/XF
A.酮体 B.葡萄糖 C.脂肪酸 D.生糖氨基酸 Ns(L1'9=
SpTORR8
16.人体内CO2生成方式是: ,B/p1^;.
[E
:`jY
A.O2与C直接合成 B.O2与CO结合 C.有机酸的脱羧 D.一碳单位与O2结合 =QKgsgLh
Z!=Pc$?
17.飘零核苷酸从头合成时生成的重要代谢中间物是: r)@&2b"q
~RLx;
A.GMP B.AMP C.TMP D.GTP EwBN+v;)
p31rhe
18.细胞核中分布的酶主要是关于催化代谢的: >^\>-U|
UE$[;Zg
A.糖代 B.甘油三酯代 C.蛋白质代 D.核糖代谢 _Ag/gu2-?
ZT6X4 Z
19.外显子是: sq(063l
<B{VL8IA>
A.基因突变的表现 B.DNA被水解断裂片段 C.转录模板链 D.真核生物的编码序列 ~m09yc d<
%LZM5Z^
20.基因表达调控的基本控制点是: po$ynp756
Y l3[~S
A.基因结构活化 B.转录起始 C.转录后加工 D.蛋白质的翻译及译后加工 a4qpnr]0
96E7hp !:
21.从头合成TMP与UMP的共同原料是: +FKP5L}
pz6-
hi7
A.氨甲酰磷酸 B.磷酸核糖焦磷糖 C.甘氨酰胺核苷酸 D.甲酰甘氨核苷酸 W
me1w\0
w7?9e#>Z
22.不能氧化酮体的组织是: V5@[7ncVf
:-@P3F[0
A.心脏 B.肝脏 C.脑 D.肾 IV#f}NrfD
&EJ,k'7$
23.三羧酸循环的限速酶是: ao5yW;^y
5%aKlx9^#
A.异柠檬酸脱氢酶 B.顺乌头酸酶 C.α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶 D.苹果酸脱氢酶 T:~W.3
xdU
pp~}+.
24.脂肪酸合成中的供氧体是: kc']g:*]Y
|oi49:NXn
A.FADH2 B.NADH+H+ C.NADPH+H+ D.FMNH2 QAnf
xt6
>#n-4NZ;p9
25.血浆中胆固醇酯化需要: g
UAPjR
A-!qO|E[-
A.脑磷脂 B.卵磷脂 C.乙酰COA D.酯酰COA `a-T95IFy
@gGuV$Mw
26.哪个是糖酵途径中的限速酶: eV+wnE?SB5
M@[gT?mv1
A.6-磷酸葡萄糖酶 B.6-磷酸果糖激酶-1 C.3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶 D.磷酸甘油 X1qj
l_A
>mSl~.I2
27.肌肉中氨基酸脱氢的主要方式 x&b-Na