By Voice of America Y,v9o
Broadcast: Monday, March 28, 2005 x'|9A?ez@Z
©2001 Voice Of America, ©2005 Merriam-Webster Inc. >J3m ta3
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z JZ`SV}\`
Parts of Speech wkGr}
Prefixes D.:`]W|
Expressions
q/ Y4/
Science Words kJJiDDL0;*
Organs of the Body }a[]I%bu 2
PARTS OF SPEECH h6?^rS8U
• n. (noun) - a name word fcEm :jEZ*
• v. (verb) - an action word T@.+ bD
• ad. (adjective/adverb) - a describing word %;h1n6=v2
• prep. (preposition) - a word used to show a relation 8v2Wi.4T
• pro. (pronoun) - a word used in place of a noun #*.4Jv<R
• conj. (conjunction) - a joining word ^i#0aq2}
注：用鼠标左键点击带有下划线的单词词条即可听到发音 )s^gT]"N
A !{CIP`P1
• a - ad. one; any; each eA(\#+)X `
• able - v. having the power to do something
q6$6:L,<
• about - ad. almost ("about half"); of or having a relation to ("We talk about the weather.") qjkWCLOd
• above - ad. at a higher place *\xRNgEQ
• accept - v. to agree to receive ;kZD>G 8
• accident - n. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event sj&(O@~R
• accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement against someone #aC&!Rei{
• across - ad. from side to side; to the other side EeQ8Uxb7
• act - v. to do something [ _xOz4`%
• activist - n. one who seeks change through action v"(6rZsa
• actor - n. someone acting in a play or show ,e1c,}
• add - v. to put (something) with another to make it larger; to say more eyDI>7W
• administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by a president or prime minister B^dMYFelJ
• admit - v. to accept ("admitted to the United Nations"); to express one's guilt or responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.") 7mi*#X}
• adult - n. a grown person V?JmI or
• advise - v. to help with information, knowledge or ideas in making a decision l2Py2ZI-b
• affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence ("A lack of sleep affected the singer's performance.") Th%w-19,8
• afraid - ad. feeling fear 7YTO{E6]d\
• after - ad. later; behind F czia0@z
• again - ad. another time; as before wd |^m%
• against - ad. opposed to; not agreeing with something Uhh[le2 %
• age - n. how old a person or thing is 2xuU[
• agency - n. an organization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United Nations") cqh1,h$sG
• aggression - n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's borders u];\v%b
• ago - ad. of time past; before now nSo.,72
• agree - v. to have the same belief as someone; to be willing to do something FN sSJU3ld
• agriculture - n. farming 0[ n;ZL~
• aid - v. to help; to support; n. help, assistance DP*V|
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• aim - v. to point a gun at; n. a goal or purpose O>X!78]#K
• air - n. the mixture of gases around the earth, mostly nitrogen and oxygen, that we breathe C\C*@9=&x
• air force - n. a military organization using airplanes ;erxB6*
• airplane - n. a vehicle with wings that flies !h1|B7N
• airport - n. a place where airplanes take off and land t2.]v><
• album - n. a collection of recorded music REJB m
• alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in industrial products $dt*
4n '
• alive - ad. having life; not dead b7M )
• all - ad. everything; everyone; the complete amount W-RshZ\
• ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose 8.`5" 9Vh
• almost - ad. a little less than completely I%{D5.du
• alone - ad. separated from others ~ebm,3?
• along - ad. near or on ("along the road") g( eA?
• already - ad. before now; even now Q;2k bVWY
• also - ad. added to; too 1G , '
• although - conj. even if it is true that rJd-e96
• always - ad. at all times; every time Z
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• ambassador - n. a nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another government) Wc##
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• amend - v. to add to or to change (a proposal or law) 8`b_,(\ N
• ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns PTA_erU
• among - ad. in or part of (a group) ~m7?:(/lb
• amount - n. the number, size or weight of anything a,*|*Cv
• anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness l(tMo7iPa
• ancestor - n. a family member from the past 5@Xy) z
• ancient - ad. very old; long ago l)
)Cvre+
• and - conj. also; in addition to; with g>f_'7F&
• anger - n. a strong emotion against someone or something Q;p%
VQ
• animal - n. a living creature that moves, such as a dog or cat "g;}B"rG
• anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the past Ria*+.k@"B
• announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially /u'M7R
• another - ad. one more; a different one ];}7
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• answer - n. a statement produced by a question; v. to make a statement after being asked a question ? m.Ry
• any - ad. one or more of no special kind iv l_=
• apologize - v. to express regret for a mistake or accident for which one accepts responsibility 5./(n7d_
• appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on somebody for help e#uF?v]O
• appear - v. to show oneself; to come into sight; to seem 2Yd;#i)
• appoint - v. to name; to choose ("appoint a judge") <Okl.Iz>
• approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support T
.L>PL ?=
• archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities m &r ?z%
• area - n. any place or part of it Jyu
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• argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree Kkds^v6
• arms - n. military equipment; weapons w!^{Q'/, Q
• army - n. military ground forces !tofO|E5
• around - ad. on every side (of) y]Zuj fW7
• arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner zz+[]G+"2m
• arrive - v. to come to a place, especially at the end of a trip >NN&j#;x~
• art - n. expressions or creations by humans, such as paintings, music, writing or statues 6>B_ojj:
• artillery - n. big guns 1
9C=' TMS
• as - conj. equally ("as fast as"); when; while 2f$6}m'Ad
• ash - n. the part left after something burns U:
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• ask - v. to question; to say something is wanted ("We ask the teacher questions every day.") "V/6 nuCo
• assist - v. to help 5 }t}Wc8
• astronaut - n. a person who travels in space > w"k:O17
• astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe ^8yhx-mgb
• asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from another country 564)ha/^(
• at - prep. in or near ("at the edge"); where ("look at"); when ("at noon") x7]Yn'^'
• atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or planet AR-&c 3o
• attach - v. to tie together; to connect JH; \wfr D
• attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight -?$Hr\
• attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort jQ s "8[=s
• attend - v. to be present at Gw oN=
• automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car AG$S;)Yl9c
• autumn - n. the time of the year between summer and winter ' 4nR ^,
• average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal 2%Y]M%P
• avoid - v. to stay away from =i/7&gC
• awake - ad. not sleeping ,:QzF" MV
• award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service _8CE|<Cn
• away - ad. not near *3A[C-1~.
B E$'Zd,|f=
• baby - n. a newly born creature iwl\&uNQU
• back - n. the part behind the front; ad. the other way from forward DhwFD8tT
• bad - ad. wrong; acting against the law; not good <y}`PmIM I
• balance - v. to make two sides or forces equal !R zw[~
• ball - n. something round Ck|3
Di RQ
• balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter than air XJ|CC.]1u
• ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting pUs s_3
• ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction D,rF?t>=S
• bank - n. an organization that keeps and lends money dcg z<m
• bar - v. to prevent or block ]e'Ol$3U9=
• barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult n\#RI9#\
• base - n. a military center; v. to establish as a fact ("Her research was based on experiments.") _Kp{b"G
• battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces ,{ C
• be - v. to live; to happen; to exist 9nFPGI z+
• beat - v. to hit again and again ^gwVh~j
• beauty - ad. that which pleases the eye, ear or spirit Ub%al
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• because - prep. for the reason that ("He left because he was sick.") P | o_/BS
• become - v. to come to be MVW2 % 6
• bed - n. a sleeping place 0j
sU^m<g
• before - prep. earlier :h 1-i
• begin - v. to do the first part of an action; to start ;
IC :]Zu
• behind - ad. at the back of; in back of (%huWW
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• believe - v. to think; to feel sure of; to accept as true; to trust {%(_Z`vI
• bell - n. an instrument that makes a musical sound ("a church bell") 7u"t4Or
• belong - v. to be owned by; to be a member of K<O1PrC
• below - ad. lower than $= '_$wG
8
• best - ad. the most good \Gh]$s p
• betray - v. to turn against; to be false to fLj#+h-!
• better - ad. more good than N5$L),?\y
• between - ad. in the space or time that separates; from one to the other ("talks between two nations") fKzOt<wm
• big - ad. of great size; not small X6jW mo8]
• bill - n. a legislative proposal !7MC[z(|N
• biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their forms 7]t$t3I
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• bird - n. a creature that flies S3V3<4CB
• bite - v. to cut with the teeth x:W nF62
• black - ad. dark; having the color like that of the night sky C0o 0
l>
• blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible P N ,pEk|
• blanket - n. a cloth cover used to keep warm !/W[6'M#p
• bleed - v. to lose blood 8=rD'*
• blind - ad. not able to see _T6l*
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• block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement ^2L\Y2
• blood - n. red fluid in the body o}&TFh T
• blow - v. to move with force, as in air ("The wind blows.") ? mxBMtc
• blue - ad. having the color like that of a clear sky jM8e2z3
• boat - n. something built to travel on water that carries people or goods Hi$J@xU
• body - n. all of a person or animal; the remains of a person or animal 8_8r {a<xW
• boil - v. to heat a liquid until it becomes very hot *Nd SL
• bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force; v. to attack or destroy with bombs }W{rDc kv
• bone - n. the hard material in the body GAONgz|ZI
• book - n. a long written work for reading PtySPDClj
• border - n. a dividing line between nations Ek|#P{!
• born - v. to come to life; to come into existence QiB ^U^f
• borrow - v. to take as a loan Tw BwqQ)t
• both - ad. not just one of two, but the two together SoZ$1$o2
• bottle - n. a container, usually made of glass, to hold liquid S(kj"t*3
• bottom - ad. the lowest part of something 0|<ER3xkx
• box - n. something to put things into; a container, usually made of paper or wood _5 'OQ'P2
• boy - n. a young male person UR|UGldt_T
• boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with M{gtu'.
• brain - n. the control center of thought, emotions and body activity of all creatures XQAdb "`
• brave - ad. having no fear a+ !#cQl
• bread - n. a food made from grain '\qd{mM\r
• break - v. to divide into parts by force; to destroy iM;7V* u
• breathe - v. to take air into the body and let it out again PjriAlxD
• bridge - n. a structure built over a waterway, valley or road so people and vehicles can cross from one side to the other f\O) +Vc
• brief - ad. short; not long 9 p6QNDp
• bright - ad. giving much light; strong and clear in color } L LnJl~Z
• bring - v. to come with something e;KZTH;
• broadcast - v. to send information, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio or television program RD_IGV
• brother - n. a male with the same father or mother as another person d#yb($HAJ
• brown - ad. having the color like that of coffee pC 5 J
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• budget - n. a spending plan dIi Q^M
• build - v. to join materials together to make something MNURY A=
• building - n. anything built for use as a house, factory, office, school, store or place of entertainment )SG+9!AbMZ
• bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun b~?FV>gl
• burn - v. to be on fire; to destroy or damage by fire 4naL2 Y!
• burst - v. to break open suddenly '^f,H1oW
• bury - v. to put into the ground and cover with earth ,H!E :k
• bus - n. a public vehicle to carry people f, GF3vu"
• business - n. one's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade ;O=tSEe
• busy - ad. doing something; very active 6u>${}
• but - conj. however; other than; yet =!{7ZSu\
• buy - v. to get by paying something, usually money # Vz9j
• by - conj. near; at; next to ("by the road"); from ("a play by William Shakespeare"); not later than ("by midnight") \Z0-o&;w
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• cabinet - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government uM"G)$I\
• call - v. to give a name to ("I call myself John."); to ask for or request ("They called for an end to the fighting.") iB #xUSkS
• calm - ad. quiet; peaceful; opposite tense >?iL_YTX
• camera - n. a device for taking pictures 2
8 qTC?
• camp - n. a place with temporary housing Og
a/
• campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from voters; a connected series of military actions during a war 4DY\Qv W5
• can - v. to be able to; to have the right to; n. a container used to hold liquid or food, usually made of metal Y;3DU1MG0
• cancel - v. to end; to stop N
)Fy#6
• cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the body ZMO7 o 1"
• candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 0#}Ed Q
• capital - n. the official center of a government; the city where a country's government is {+~}iF<%
• capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies Ua^#.K
• capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get control of SV%;w>
• car - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; an automobile; a part of a train LE^kN<qMK
• care - v. to like; to protect; to feel worry or interest eSvS<\p
• careful - ad. acting safely; with much thought e1$T%?(&[
• carry - v. to take something or someone from one place to another px6 [1'|g
• case (court) - n. a legal action $10"lM[
• case (medical) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox at the school.") kSJWXNC
• cat - n. a small animal that often lives with humans O_%X>Q9
• catch - v. to seize after a chase; to stop and seize with the hands H4C ]%Q
• cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result v x qsK
• cease-fire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement
zu8
• celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities ]PWK^-4P
• center - n. the middle of something; the place in the middle; a place that is the main point of an activity pVgzU u7
• century - n. one hundred years u#9 H
• ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition %JUD54bBt
• chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group _a?c,<
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• champion - n. the best; the winner a<%Ivqni
• chance - n. a possibility of winning or losing or that something will happen )b^yAzL?
• change - v. to make different; to become different 9FB k|g"U)
• charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime; n. a statement in which someone is accused of something $oF0[ }S
• chase - v. to run or go after someone or something QD6<sw@]P
• cheat - v. to get by a trick; to steal from p0c*)_a*
• cheer - v. to shout approval or praise {D6lS j
• chemical - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the science of chemistry %UGXgYDz
• chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they act under different conditions, and how they form other substances Y3%_IwSJ|
• chief - n. the head or leader of a group; ad. leading; most important dM n0nc+
• child - n. a baby; a boy or girl Uwj|To&QR
• children - n. more than one child >@Va p
• choose - v. to decide between two or more v#/k`x\
• circle - n. a closed shape that has all its points equally distant from the center, like an "O" Cp!bsasj
• citizen - n. a person who is a member of a country by birth or by law j
P(|pz
• city - n. any important large town .J?cV;:`
• civilian - ad. not military ~w
Ekbq=
• civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of a nation PBkTI2 v
• claim - v. to say something as a fact H3Ws$vl9n
• clash - n. a battle; v. to fight or oppose tk]>\}%
• clean - v. to make pure; ad. free from dirt or harmful substances ("clean water") Veeuw
• clear - ad. easy to see or see through; easily understood c&> S
• clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization 92F 9)S{"
• climate - n. the normal weather conditions of a place (FVHtZi7
• climb - v. to go up or down something by using the feet and sometimes the hands t%S2D
• clock - n. a device that measures and shows time +f){x9
:
• close - v. to make something not open; ad. near to >6X$iBb0
• cloth - n. a material made from plants, chemicals, animal hair and other substances J? R\qEq%
• clothes - n. what people wear NuEcTww
• cloud - n. a mass of fog high in the sky y=HM]EH>
• coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel
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• coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together 7T69tQZ<
• coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean jNbU{Z%r
• coffee - n. a drink made from the plant of the same name
.] XB
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• cold - ad. not warm; having or feeling great coolness or a low temperature >~}}*y
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• collect - v. to bring or gather together in one place; to demand and receive ("collect taxes") (C9{|T+h
• college - n. a small university ~pt#'65}:
• colony - n. land controlled by another country or government qk}Mb_*C)
• color - n. the different effects of light on the eye, making blue, red, brown, black, yellow and others xofx E4.
• combine - v. to mix or bring together z
k m#w
• come - v. to move toward; to arrive !n^7&Y[N;
• command - v. to order; to have power over something ZCAg )/
• comment - v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something tBjMm8lgb
• committee - n. a group of people given special work w+][L||4c
• common - ad. usual; same for all ("a common purpose") 4p6\8eytq.
• communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange information W.s H
• community - n. a group of people living together in one place or area Nm{J=`
• company - n. a business organized for trade, industrial or other purposes ]|8 *l]o
c
• compare - v. to examine what is different or similar 0c
Gj Ol
• compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others rD!UP1Nb
• complete - ad. having all parts; ended or finished =`EVg>+^
• complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple /St d6B*
• compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept less than first demanded Ae8P'FWB>
• computer - n. an electronic machine for storing and organizing information, and for communicating with others N"Cd{ 3
• concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about"); v. to fear ("to be concerned") '>Uip+'
• condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad z^ Y4:^L~I
• condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement; a person's health ,|^ lqY
• conference - n. a meeting y{9<>28
• confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true #9/S2m2\YG
• conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one _zG[ b/:p
• congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck se S) `@n
• Congress - n. the organization of people elected to make the laws of the United States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in other countries ]]6
• connect - v. to join one thing to another; to unite; to link ! {S HlS
• conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change tD+K4
^
• consider - v. to give thought to; to think about carefully YPmgR]=6
• constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that form a nation's system of government J%1 2Ey@6
• contain - v. to hold; to include 9$ =o({
• container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something 8C4v
• continent - n. any of the seven great land areas of the world ^~DClZ
• continue - v. to go on doing or being %-O[%Dy
• control - v. to direct; to have power over $@eFSA5k,7
• convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose c.Do b?5
• cook - v. to heat food before eating it T?EFY}f
• cool - ad. almost cold 9~6~[z
• cooperate - v. to act or work together U,tWLX$@
• copy - v. to make something exactly like another; n. something made to look exactly like another u;H5p\zAzz
• corn - n. a food grain A>Xt 5vk+
• correct - ad. true; free from mistakes; v. to change to what is right jbs)]fqC;
• cost - n. the price or value of something ("The cost of the book is five dollars."); v. to be valued at ("The book costs five dollars.") g6(u6%MD
• cotton - n. a material made from a plant of the same name hC2_Yr >N%
• count - v. to speak or add numbers $LJCup,1"
• country - n. a nation; the territory of a nation; land away from cities :'K %&e?7s
• court - n. where trials take place; where judges make decisions about law X Frgnnt
• cover - v. to put something over a person or thing; n. anything that is put over a person or thing (7?jjH^4
• cow - n. a farm animal used for its milk |emZZj
• crash - v. to fall violently; to hit with great force Fa9gr/.F,@
• create - v. to make; to give life or form to .>+jtp}
• creature - n. any living being; any animal or human A" no!AN
• credit - n. an agreement that payments will be made at a later time 9/4Bx!~A
• crew - n. a group of people working together Z*M-PaU}
• crime - n. an act that violates a law @ Yzc?+x
• criminal - n. a person who is responsible for a crime } @NT#hD
• crisis - n. an extremely important time when something may become much better or worse; a dangerous situation mFeoeI,Jv
• criticize - v. to say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to judge mIkc +X
• crop - n. plants that are grown and gathered for food, such as grains, fruits and vegetables :Tn1]a)f6
• cross - v. to go from one side to another; to go across 0Lk i (
• crowd - n. a large number of people gathered in one place V;>u()
• crush - v. to damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely qFg"!w
• cry - v. to express or show sorrow or pain Kk<MS$Ov
• culture - n. all the beliefs, traditions and arts of a group or population 23Juu V.
• cure - v. to improve health; to make well ("The doctor can cure the disease."); n. something that makes a sick person well ("Antibiotics are a cure for infection.") i }}}x
• curfew - n. an order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses \<4Hp_ 2?
• current - n. movement of air, water or electricity; ad. belonging to the present time ("She found the report in a current publication.") 3FpS o+
• custom - n. a long-established belief or activity of a people k{d)'\FM
• customs - n. taxes on imports +Rb0:r>kU
• cut - v. to divide or injure with a sharp tool; to make less; to reduce t}2$no?
84UI)nE:Q
D n;,>Fv
• dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water h ! UB#-
• damage - v. to cause injury or destruction; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things gyAKjLqqpi
• dance - v. to move the body and feet to music; n. a series of steps, usually to music bRb+3au_x
• danger - n. a strong chance of suffering injury, damage or loss RmcQGQ
• dark - ad. having little or no light ("The room was dark.") XVNJ3/
• date - n. an expression of time; a day, month and year LAfv 1
• daughter - n. a person's female child Lr}>Md
• day - n. twenty-four hours; the hours of sunlight + ZxG<1&
• dead - ad. not living b+qdl`V d
• deaf - ad. not able to hear 35
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• deal - v. to have to do with ("The talks will deal with the problem of pollution."); to buy or sell ("Her company deals in plastic.")
WG?;Z
• debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument
S|HnmkV66
• debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing !;ipLC;e}
• decide - v. to choose; to settle; to judge I:9jn"
• declare - v. to say; to make a statement m6D]
• decrease - v. to make less in size or amount c _faW
• deep - ad. going far down; a long way from top to bottom (aa}0r5
• defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having lost l{b*YUsz>
• defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect F4%vEn\!
• deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or imports are greater than exports A]k-bX= s
• define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain si|DxDx
• degree - n. a measure of temperature pg; y\}
• delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late Y']D_\y
• delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another 6rD
Oa~< B
• demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force !04zWYHo
• democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or to make other important decisions _~_E(rTn
• demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd demonstrated in support of human rights."); to explain by using examples ("The teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") k_}aiHdG
• denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely <.lT.>'?
• deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request F:o<E 42
• depend - v. to need help and support ]J%p&y+6
• deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness ZC\&n4~7
• deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action ^`&?"yj<z
• depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic activity during which many people lose their jobs HI}9 "(t}
• describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something }&{z-/;H
• desert - n. a dry area of land _,m|gr ,S
• design - v. to plan or create plans for l5R0^!t
• desire - v. to want very much; to wish for keYvscRBI
• destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of jbU=D:|
• detail - n. a small part of something; a small piece of information
Zo i\r
• develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress g[d.lJ=Q-N
• device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose \~#$$Q-qtU
• dictator - n. a ruler with complete power DG!H
8^
• die - v. to become dead; to stop living; to end 1 JIo,7
• diet - n. usual daily food and drink 1Y-m=~J7
• different - ad. not the same w>q:&Q
• difficult - ad. not easy; hard to do, make or carry out ~fDMzOd
• dig - v. to make a hole in the ground O&Ws*k
• dinner - n. the main amount of food eaten at a usual time ("The family had its dinner at noon."); a special event that includes food ("The official dinner took place at the White House.") \
M_}V[1+
• diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another government q*^F"D:?k
• direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way ("He directed me to the theater."); ad. straight to something; not through some other person or thing ("The path is direct.") u6,NQ^4
• direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came from or went to TC=djC4$/
• dirt - n. earth or soil
qXH\e|
• disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist NX ?IM8\t
• disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb harmless by removing its exploding device BJdH2qREN
• discover - v. to find or learn something soH
M5<U
• discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas l|O)B #
• disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria H</Mh*Fl2G
• dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider 7I,/uv?
• dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate XYOPX>$T
• dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government
fn1G^a=
• distance - n. the amount of space between two places or objects ("The distance from my house to your house is two kilometers.") qOusO6
• dive - v. to jump into water head first Q bg,q
• divide - v. to separate into two or more parts #DN5S#Ic
• do - v. to act; to make an effort 7.r}9 8V
• doctor - n. a person trained in medicine to treat sick people nY#V~^|
• document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or support of something #9{9T"ed
• dog - n. a small animal that often lives with humans Y SvZ7G(m>
• dollar - n. United States money, one hundred cents ^st.bzg+[
• door - n. an opening for entering or leaving a building or room \uumNpB*n
• down - ad. from higher to lower; in a low place `ehZ(H}
• dream - v. to have a picture or story in the mind during sleep; n. a picture or story in the mind during sleep; a happy idea about the future ]<pnHh+2A
• drink - v. to take liquid into the body through the mouth $/*6tsR
• drive - v. to control a moving vehicle 5kK:1hH7
• drop - v. to fall or let fall; to go lower n9; z=
• drown - v. to die under water v{N4*P.0T
• drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance used to ease pain or to affect the mind |NbF3 fD
• dry - ad. not wet; without rain 8 $|< `:~J
• during - ad. through the whole time; while (something is happening) ' THcO*<
• dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air V-y"@0%1
• duty - n. one's job or responsibility; what one must do because it is right and just ndSM*Fq
E COE,pb17
• each - ad. every one by itself yzvNv]Z'*
• early - ad. at or near the beginning, especially the beginning of the day; opposite late J3]W2m2Zw
• earn - v. to be paid in return for work done $ =x1_
• earth - n. the planet we all live on; the ground or soil
\(nb
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• earthquake - n. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface P9Gjsu #
• ease - v. to reduce; to make less difficult yj^LX2x "
• east - n. the direction from which the sun rises Kk}|[\fW
• easy - ad. not difficult; not hard to do kWF/SsE
• eat - v. to take food into the body through the mouth wD |3Czc
• ecology - n. the scientific study of the environment and links among living and material things L|y4u;-Q
• economy - n. the system by which money, industry and trade are organized 0ssKZ9Lc
• edge - n. the line where something ends or begins 5E~?hWAv
• education - n. the act of teaching D 8nt%vy
• effect - n. the result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious effect on the economy.") 6.o8vC/PZ
• effort - n. an attempt; the work necessary to do something b`NXe7 A
• egg - n. the rounded object containing unborn young produced by female birds, fish or reptiles; a single cell in a female person or animal that can develop into a baby Q 9(J$_:
• either - ad. one of two, but not the other $Hx00
h o
• elect - v. to choose by voting U
Hej5-B
• electricity - n. a form of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light, and power to machines O/X;(qYd
• embassy - n. the offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants o/EN3J
• emergency - n. an unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action /`M> 3
q[
• emotion - n. a strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness h'i8o>7
• employ - v. to give work in return for wages "4VC:" $ f
• empty - ad. having nothing inside; v. to remove everything %X)i-^T
• end - v. to stop; to finish; n. the part which comes last k,EI+lC X
• enemy - n. a person opposing or hating another; a person or people of the other side in a war p*11aaIbp~
• energy - n. power used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and willingness to be active R^%uEP
• enforce - v. to make something be done wzw`9^B
• engine - n. a machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work R&z)
• engineer - n. a person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads vepZod}D
• enjoy - v. to be pleased or satisfied by something A),nkw0X
• enough - ad. as much as necessary; pro. the amount needed 4$~]t:n
• enter - v. to come or go into |{#=#3X
• environment - n. all surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life; the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals VZO f| o
• equal - ad. the same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights -IB f;"8f
• equipment - n. things, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity 2b+0}u> a
• escape - v. to get free; to get away from; to get out of ~[@Gj{6p0
• especially - ad. more than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.") 5rAI[r
9
• establish - v. to bring into existence; to create rm7$i9DH2
• estimate - v. to form an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than complete information 9m2_zfO[ w
• ethnic - ad. of or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race, religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived gTI!b
• evaporate - v. to change from a liquid into a gas F{1;~ Yg%
• even - ad. in a way not thought possible ("They survived, even though the building was destroyed.") 9aLS%-x!+
• event - n. that which happens, especially something of importance x+V;UD=mH
• ever - ad. at any time 0>
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• every - ad. each one; all +ahr-v^R<
• evidence - n. material or facts that prove something; a reason for believing UcCkn7}
• evil - ad. not good; extremely bad j@0/\:
1(U
• exact - ad. having no mistakes; correct in every detail
c#q OK
• examine - v. to study closely >wK ^ W{
• example - n. a part that shows what the rest of a thing or group is like ?^z!yD \
• excellent - ad. extremely good WZk\mSNV
• except - prep. but for N0be=IO5#
• exchange - v. to trade; to give or receive one thing for another ) z0qKb \
• excuse - v. to take away blame; to pardon; to forgive; n. a reason (sometimes false) for an action mU1lEx$
• execute - v. to kill ;!<WL@C~
• exercise - n. an activity or effort for the purpose of improving the body or to stay in good health G Q&9b_
• exile - v. to force a person to leave his or her country; to expel; n. a person who is forced to leave his or her country Sd;/yC 8
• exist - v. to be; to live $or?7 w>
• expand - v. to make larger; to grow larger P5;LM9W
• expect - v. to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event dw
) SF,
• expel - v. to force out; to remove from; to send away 7@g8nv(p
• experience - v. to live through an event, situation or condition ("She experienced great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through ("The experience caused her great pain.") KWU
~QAc
• experiment - v. to test; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or false, or to discover something 7<Fp3N 3
• expert - n. a person with special knowledge or training 73/kyu-0%
• explain - v. to give reasons for; to make clear; to tell about; to tell the meaning !1f 8~"Z
• explode - v. to break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb cq'opjLf 5
• explore - v. to travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to make a careful search; to examine closely )^U M8
s
• export - v. to send to another country; n. something sent to another country, usually for sale uX{n#i,~L
• express - v. to say clearly Wvl>i HB
• extend - v. to stretch out in area or length; to continue for a longer time @;}bBHQz{p
• extra - ad. more than normal, expected or necessary w]n2 0&
• extreme - ad. more than the usual or accepted J GP LVw
• extremist - n. a person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an extreme or violent way @sly-2{e1
F !dB {E
• face - n. the front of the head: eyes, nose, mouth; v. to look toward; to turn toward; to have before you, such as a problem or danger *loPwV8
• fact - n. something known or proved to be true
~YHy '.
• factory - n. a building or group of buildings where goods are made Ghgx8 ]e
• fail - v. to not succeed; to not reach a goal H4LZNko
• fair - ad. just; honest; what is right orn9;|8q
• fall - v. to go down quickly; to come down; to drop to the ground or a lower position )/H=m7 }1h
• false - ad. not true; not correct <va3L y)c&
• family - n. the group that includes children and their parents >N>WOLbb7(
• famous - ad. known very well to many people <v;;:RB6
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• far - ad. at, to or from a great distance J#B%
#X
• farm - n. land used to grow crops and animals for food &P&LjHFK
• fast - ad. moving or working at great speed; quick
#|fa/kb~
• fat - n. tissue in the bodies of humans and animals used to store energy and to keep warm; ad. thick; heavy LZm6\x
• father - n. the male parent; a man who has a child or children ^"\ jIP
• fear - v. to be afraid; to worry that something bad is near or may happen ("He feared falling down."); n. a strong emotion when there is danger or trouble ("He had a fear that he would fall down.") hK9Trr wau
• federal - ad. of or having to do with a national or central government }f np}L
• feed - v. to give food to 2?ac\c6"
• feel - v. to have or experience an emotion; to know by touching 6V\YYrUz
• female - n. a woman or girl; the sex that gives birth; ad. of or about women ^,' )1r,
• fence - n. something around an area of land to keep animals or people in or out ~U`o ew
• fertile - ad. rich in production of plants or animals; producing much :G9+ -z{Y&
• few - ad. not many; a small number of N-|E^XIV
• field - n. an area of open land, usually used to grow crops or to raise animals -frmvNJ F
• fierce - ad. extremely strong; violent; angry ?-0k3
• fight - v. to use violence or force; to attempt to defeat or destroy an enemy; n. the use of force; a battle |cStN[97%
• fill - v. to put or pour something into a container until there is space for no more yC !`6$
• film - v. to record something so it can be seen again; to make a motion picture or movie; n. a thin piece of material for making pictures with a camera; a movie YLVV9(
• final - ad. at the end; last /kE3V`es
• financial - ad. of or about the system that includes the use of money, credit, investments and banks 9K~2!
<
• find - v. to discover or learn something by searching or by accident; to decide a court case ("The jury finds the man guilty of murder.") b'Qia'a%
• fine - n. a payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime; ad. very good; very small or thin ,<F =\G_f
• finish - v. to complete; to end w*<XPBi
• fire - v. to shoot a gun; n. the heat and light produced by something burning ,~8:^*0
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• firework - n. rockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations ?| '+5$
• firm - ad. not easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.") S-{ [3$
• first - ad. coming before all others /e :V44
• fish - n. a creature that lives and can breathe in water w~a^r]lPW
• fit - v. to be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.") [2#5;')
• fix - v. to make good or right again XJy~uks,
• flag - n. a piece of colored cloth used to represent a nation, government or organization \O5`R-
• flat - ad. smooth; having no high places u- PAi5&n
• flee - v. to run away from $X8(OS5d'
• float - v. to be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or through air W [BZ/
• flood - v. to cover with water; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean onto land @5N^^B
• floor - n. the bottom part of a room for walking on ("The book fell to the floor."); the level of a building ("The fire was on the first floor.") 1>P[3Y@}
• flow - v. to move like a liquid << `*o[^L
• flower - n. the colored part of plants that carry seeds Hs/
aU _
• fluid - n. any substance that can flow, such as a liquid \7PPFKS
• fly - v. to move through the air with wings, like a bird or airplane; to travel in an airplane or flying vehicle
WV&T
• fog - n. a mass of wet air that is difficult to see through; a cloud close to the ground $Llv6<B
• follow - v. to come or go after; to accept the rule or power of; to obey uKc
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• food - n. that which is taken in by all living things for energy, strength and growth 51j5AbFQ"
• fool - v. to make someone believe something that is not true; to trick; n. a person who is tricked easily 2g5 i3C.q$
• foot - n. the bottom part of the leg; the part of the body that touches the ground when a person or animal walks MyB&mC7Es
• for - prep. because of ("He is famous for his work."); in exchange ("Give me one dollar for the book."); through space or time ("They travelled for one hour."); representative of ("I speak for all people."); to be employed by ("She works for a computer company.") {T4F0fu[eR
• force - v. to make someone do something or make something happen by using power; n. power, strength; strength used against a person or object; military power of a nation; a military group ir/m. ~?
• foreign - ad. of, about or from another nation; not from one's own place or country ly "Jl8/<
• forest - n. a place of many trees cb!mV5M-g
• forget - v. to not remember {y)O ?9q
• forgive - v. to pardon; to excuse; to remove guilt Qt` hUyL
• form - v. to make; to start; to shape ("They formed a swim team."); n. a kind ("Swimming is a form of exercise.") `)V1GR2
ES
• former - ad. earlier in time; not now n^aSio6
• forward - ad. the direction in front of; toward the front F. 5'5%
• free - v. to release; ad. not controlled by another or by outside forces; not in prison; independent; not limited by rules; without cost p F kA,
• freedom - n. the condition of being free biAI*t
• freeze - v. to cause or to become very cold; to make or to become hard by cold MzjV>.
• fresh - ad. newly made or gathered; recent !5,>[^y3
• friend - n. a person one likes and trusts \kSoDY`l&
• frighten - v. to cause great fear LXYpP- E
• from - prep. having a person, place or thing as a beginning or cause ("It is a message from the president."); at a place distant, not near ("The school is five kilometers from my home."); because of ("He is suffering from cancer.") &"H xAK)f
• front - n. the forward part; the opposite of back; the beginning; the first part .EeXq }a[
• fruit - n. food from trees and plants +&hhj~ I.
• fuel - n. any substance burned to create heat or power aAM!;3j]B`
• full - ad. containing as much as a person or thing can hold; complete 2iOn\
^]x
• fun - n. anything that is pleasing and causes happiness p7 s#j
• funeral - n. a ceremony held in connection with the burial or burning of the dead A/5??3H
• future - n. time after now ("We can talk about it in the future."); ad. in the time to come ("All future meetings will be held in this room.") }/tT=G]91
G m( 0sG(A~
• gain - v. to get possession of; to get more; to increase
[/dGOl+
• game - n. an activity with rules in which people or teams play or compete, usually sports <Jt H
/oN
• gas - n. any substance that is not solid or liquid; any substance that burns to provide heat, light or power Vb{5 -v
;a
• gather - v. to bring or come together into a group or place; to collect oCtg{*vp
• general - n. a high military leader; ad. without details; affecting or including all or almost all nW)-bA V<
• gentle - ad. soft; kind; not rough or violent y 98 v
• get - v. to receive; to gain; to go and bring back; to become; to become the owner of Y~I$goT
• gift - n. something given without cost nc<w D E6
• girl - n. a young female person ~ZrSoVP=
• give - v. to present to another to keep without receiving payment /#mq*kNIM6
• glass - n. a hard, clear material that is easily broken, used most often for windows or for containers to hold liquids Q` ?+w+y7
• go - v. to move from one place to another; to leave y{
& k`H
• goal - n. that toward which an effort is directed; that which is aimed at; the end of a trip or race L'i0|_
• god - n. the spirit that is honored as creator of all things ("They believe in God."); a spirit or being believed in many religions to have special powers Q?"o.T';
• gold - n. a highly valued yellow metal @8keLrp
• good - ad. pleasing; helpful; kind; correct; not bad OGl> i
• goods - n. things owned or made to be sold euxkw]`h6
• govern - v. to control; to rule by military or political power z-9@K<`H
• government - n. a system of governing; the organization of people that rules a country, city or area @B.;V=8wJ
• grain - n. the seed of grass plants used for food, such as wheat, rice and corn; those plants that produce the seeds ~Te9Lq |
• granddaughter - n. the daughter of a person's daughter or son _ :R Q9x'
• grandfather - n. the father of a person's father or mother !yUn|v>&p
• grandmother - n. the mother of a person's father or mother ~Onj| w7
• grandson - n. the son of a person's daughter or son f82$_1s^
• grass - n. a plant with long, narrow, green leaves / 5x~3~
• gray - ad. having the color like that made by mixing black and white It5U=PU
• great - ad. very large or more than usual in size or number; very good; important *.'9 eC0s
• green - ad. having the color like that made by mixing yellow and blue; having the color like that of growing leaves and grass <5 Ye')
+
• grind - v. to reduce to small pieces by crushing ] ^f7 s36
• ground - n. land; the earth's surface; soil t Ye+7s
• group - n. a number of people or things together; a gathering of people working for a common purpose {|R@\G.1(
• grow - v. to develop or become bigger; to increase in size or amount `5HFRgL`.
• guarantee - v. to promise a result; to promise that something will happen fG *1
A\t]
• guard - v. to watch and protect a person, place or thing ("He guards the president."); n. a person or thing that watches or protects ("He is a prison guard.") 4yZ'+\ +I
• guerrilla - n. a person who fights as part of an unofficial army, usually against an official army or police For`rfR
• guide - v. to lead to; to show the way; n. one who shows the way d65fkz==A)
• guilty - ad. having done something wrong or in violation of a law; responsible for a bad action fX:)mLnO /
• gun - n. a weapon that shoots bullets
